The French Revolution
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The French Revolution 1.What is a revolution? 2.What would cause a revolution to occur?
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The French Revolution. What is a revolution? What would cause a revolution to occur?. Louis’ Life. Condition of France. Part I. Old Regime ~ “ The Way Things Were”. The People of France. 0.5%. 1.5%. 98%. The French Urban Poor. % of income spent on bread. 98% * BOURGEOISIE * - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Transcript of The French Revolution
The French Revolution1.What is a
revolution?2.What would cause a
revolution to occur?
Part I. Old Regime ~ “The Way Things Were”
•Louis’ Life
•Condition of
France
The People of France
1st Estate -Clergy
2nd Estate -Nobles
3rd Estate -Commoners98
%
1.5%
0.5%
The French Urban Poor
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
1787
1788
% of income spent on bread
98%• *BOURGEOISIE*
• Laborers/Peasants
• Sans Culottes
Who was the greatest threat? Why?
Early French Monarchy
How would Enlightenment thinkers
react to such rule? Why?
•“L’etat c’est moi” (I am the state)
•“Sun King”–Divine Right Theory
• Increased French territory–Warfare–Taxation
•Cultural Development–Versailles–Extravagance
LOUIS XIV
The French Monarchy ~ 1774-1793
LOUIS XVI
MARIE ANTOINETTE
3rd Estate forms a National Assembly
Tennis Court Oath: promise to implement a constitution
for France! Eventually joined by all
estates
LOUIS GETS NERVOUS! BRINGS IN TROOPS
Bastille Day – Parisians storm the “Bastille”
July 14, 1789
PRISON
SYMBOLIC ACT
This lead to the “Great Fear”….Why?
The Declaration of the Rights of
Man (1789)
National Assembly = Different Goals
CONSERVATIVES
MODERATES
RADICALS (Resists
Change)(Limited Change)
(Complete Change)
How was the assembly divided?
Nationalist Spirit“Liberty, Equality,
Fraternity”
Maximilien Robespierre (1793-1794)
“republic of virtue?”•Reign of Terror–Committee of Public Safety
–Dictatorship; campaign against “enemies of France”
• Daily trials
•GUILLOTINE
• 20,000-40,000 executions
• MOST VICTIMS WERE COMMONERS!
V. Age of Napoleon (1799-1815)
“the great Globe itself, and all which inherit it, is too small to satisfy such insatiable appetites”3.
“The Plum-Pudding in Danger”
~ Old Regime ~(pre-1789)
Do Now: Why were the people of pre-
revolutionary France dissatisfied
with their lives?
(3 reasons min.)
LOUIS XV
•France = bankrupt–War Debts
•Monarchy looks “bad”
1715-1774
•Inherits bankruptcy crisis•Bankers refuse to lend more money•Unemployment; Grain Shortages ( bread riots)
•Convenes the Estates General, which has not met in 175 years - 1789–Meeting of the THREE estates (separately)
•Traditionally each estate was entitled to 1 vote
•Representatives of 3rd estate refuse!
Welcome to the meeting of the Estates
General• We are here to discuss the financial crisis facing France today.
• Within your estate, please work together to
figure out a plan for France’s recovery.
– Remember: The people are bankrupt, unemployed, and starving – and the banks won’t lend us any more money!
WHAT SHOULD FRANCE DO?
II. Moderate Stage (1789-
1792)Do Now:
•How did France go from the Old Regime to the “Moderate Stage” of revolution?
•Create a list of the early revolutionary events.
Constitution of 1791Last act of N.A. & end of
“moderate stage”•Separation of Powers•Limited Monarchy• Separation of Church and State
•Equality of ALL men–Rights of nobility are STRIPPED
Read p.488-489
• What was the “Reaction Outside France?”
• Why was there “War at Home?”
• Why was there “War Abroad?”
How did the people of France respond to the moderate
stage?
•LOUIS XVI–Tries to flee France
•Radicals–Not far enough! Desire a republic!
•Nobility•Revolution went too far
•Emigrate; desire foreign help to plot against revolution
Do Now:
What emotions do the following songs evoke (stir up)?
Create a list!
Oh, say, can you see, by the dawn's early light,What so proudly we hail'd at the twilight's last
gleaming?Whose broad stripes and bright stars, thro' the
perilous fight,O'er the ramparts we watch'd, were so gallantly
streaming?And the rockets' red glare, the bombs bursting in air,
Gave proof thro' the night that our flag was still there.
O say, does that star-spangled banner yet waveO'er the land of the free and the home of the brave?
Arise children of the fatherlandThe day of glory has arrived
Against us tyranny'sBloody standard is raised
Listen to the sound in the fieldsThe howling of these fearsome soldiers
They are coming into our midstTo cut the throats of your sons and consorts
To arms citizens Form your battalionsMarch, march
Let impure bloodWater our furrows
Response to Revolution (cont’d)•Nobility urges
Prussia & Austria to defend France
•Revolutionaries call on soldiers to defend revolution–France declares war & defeats Austria/Prussia (1792)
•Radicals (Jacobins) take over–Imprison royal family
–Call for National Convention to write new constitution
The National Convention
•Execution of Louis XVI•“aid all peoples wishing to recover their liberty”–External threats ~ European Monarchs
–Internal threats ~ uprisings, starvation, military help!
III. Radical Stage
(1792-1795)Do Now: Why did the revolution turn radical? How did this happen?
IV. Reactionary
Stage(1795-1799)• Moderates react to the
disorder• Robespierre executed• Reign of terror ends
The Directory (1795-1799)
• 5 Directors ruled as executive
• Inefficient• Corrupt• Coups d’etat
What do you think France
needs?
WHY?
How did the Napoleonic Code satisfy the needs of all three
ESTATES in France?
1st 2nd 3rd
Do Now: What would cause
a ruler to lose power?
Create a list of ideas!
Period 2 - Groups
1. Eli, Osahar, Bryan2. Hudson, Alexandra, Lucy3. Robin, Malik, Sherley4. Jorge, Iakua, Angela5. Dane, Hugo, Phelisha6. Glenn, Julio, Victor7. Tyrin, Michael, Bryan8. Ben, Zuly, Bilal
Groups – Period 6B
1. Carmen, Joshua, Kyra
2. Gabriella, Frank, Jordon
3. Billy, Felix, Surya
4. Jared, Angelina, Chris, Leonita
5. Max, Stephanie, Athena
6. Esgar, Kali, Sal
Period 7 - Groups
1. Jen, Dakari, Carla
2. Nallelly,Michael, Emmanuel
3. Jose, Naja, Amanda
4. Jessica, Jordan, Barry
5. Cami, Pamela, Sophia
6. David, Sharon, Josuel
7. Yul, Jose, Samantha
Do Now: Identify the meaning of each
cartoon and the reason why it was created.
“The Drinking King”
1.
"His Monument": Napoleon’s Past and Future Are Filled with Dead Bodies
2.
“the great Globe itself, and all which inherit it, is too small to satisfy such insatiable appetites”3.
“The Plum-Pudding in Danger”
Reasons for Napoleon’s Downfall
Directions:1. Create a cartoon that
critiques Napoleon’s reign or his downfall!
2. Create questions to accompany your cartoon.
3. Create an answer key as well!
In 1815, you are to meet with representatives from France, Russia, Austria, Prussia, and England to try to come up with a plan that will establish peace and order throughout Europe. This is not an easy task considering the recent events with Napoleon.
•Should France be punished severely/spared?
•Divided into several states? Who should rule?
•Who should rule the countries conquered?
• How can we prevent another Napoleon from ruling?
The Impact of the French Revolution:
Europe Post-Napoleon
What happens now?
Congress of Vienna ~ Goals
•Establish a “balance of power” •Support principle of “legitimacy”
•Weaken France•Compensation (nations that suffered because of Napoleon)
Impacts of Revolution ~ France
• Ends Old Regime• Limited Monarchy – Louis XVIII
– Declaration of Rights of Man– Napoleonic Code– Bourgeoisie (middle class) gains influence
• Nationalism
Impacts ~ Outside France•Spread of Revolutionary Ideas
– Latin America!!•Birth of Liberalism (reform and change)•European Nationalism•Power shifts from France to England•Political Boundaries Change
–Austria in control of Italian and German states!
