Anatomy of the liver

8/7/2019 Anatomy of the liver

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ANATOMY OF THE LIVER


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WHAT IS IT?

Largest glandular organ in the body

1.4-1.6 g in weight

Rich blood supply approx. 1500ml of blood permin

Very important all nutrients from the git (except

for fat) travel via the portal system to the liver .


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WHERE IS IT?

The liver lies in the right hypochondrium and

right epigastrium with a portion in the left

hypochondrium directly below the diaphragm.

Directly above the gall bladder


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WHERE IS IT?


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LOBES: 4 LOBES ANATOMICALLY

Anatomically divided into right and left lobes

divided anteriorly by the line of attachment of

falciform ligament and viscerally by the

ligamentum teres and ligamentum venosum.

Caudate lobe lies between inferior vena cava

and fissure of ligamentum venosum

Quadrate lobe lies between gall bladder fossa

and fissure of ligamentum teres


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LOBES: 4 LOBES ANATOMICALLY


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SURFACES

Convex diapragmatic surface

Posterior inferior surface is molded to

accommodate viscera


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BLOOD SUPPLY

The liver has dual afferent blood supply.

The portal vein (dominant) and the hepatic

artery Portal vein 75% 80% blood supply remainder

hepatic artery


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BLOOD SUPPLY (ARTERIAL)

The hepatic artery, a branch of the celiac trunk,may be divided into the common hepatic artery,from the celiac trunk to the origin of thegastroduodenal artery, and the hepatic arteryproper, from the origin of the gastroduodenalartery to the bifurcation of the hepatic artery. At orclose to the porta hepatis (hilum of liver), thehepatic artery and portal vein terminate by

dividing into right and left branches; these primarybranches supply the right and left livers,respectively.


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VENOUS BLOOD SUPPLY AND

DRAINAGE

Portal vein drains the GIT and takes nutrient rich

blood to the liver. Portal supply meets approx. 50%

of the livers oxygen demand

Venous drainage via right, intermediate and left

hepatic veins

The hepatic veins, formed by the union of

collecting veins that in turn drain the central veinsof the hepatic parenchyma open into the Inferior

vena cava just inferior to the diaphragm.


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PORTAL SYSTEM


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LYMPHATICS

3- 4 lymph nodes are found in the porta

hepatis and drain both the liver and gall

bladder.


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NERVE SUPPLY

Sympathetic = fibres from the coeliac ganglia

Parasympathetic = vagal fibres from the

hepatic branch of the anterior vagal trunk


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HISTOLOGY

LIVER LOBULES

From anatomy at a glance


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HISTOLOGY

LIVER LOBULES

The liver is made up of multiple hexagonalfunctional units

Branches of the portal vein and hepatic artery

transport blood throughportal canals into a centralvein by way of sinusoids which traverse thelobules.

The central veins ultimately coalesce into theright, left andcentral hepatic veins which drainblood from corresponding liver areas backwards

into the IVC. The portal canals also containtributaries of the hepatic ducts which serve todrain bile from the lobule down the biliary tree.


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REFERENCES: IMAGES

http://www.cancer.net/patient/Cancer+Types/

Liver+Cancer/ci.Liver+Cancer.printer

Anatomy at a glance


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REFERENCES: INFORMATION

Lasts Anatomy

Anatomy at a glance

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liver

Anatomy of the liver

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