Lesson XIX

Reflexive Pronouns1st, 2nd, and 3rd Person &

Reflexive Pronoun Adjectives

Recitation

♦model verbs 6 tenses active and passive

amo amare amavi amatusPresent

amo amamus

amas amatis

amat amant

Imperfect

amabam amabamus

amabas amabatis

amabat amabant

Future

amabo amabimus

amabis amabitis

amabit amabunt

amo amare amavi amatusPerfect

amavi amavimus

amavisti amavistis

amavit amaverunt

Pluperfect

amaveram amaveramus

amaveras amaveratis

amaverat amaverant

Future Perfect

amavero amaverimus

amaveris amaveritis

amaverit amaverint

amo amare amavi amatusPresent

amor amamur

amaris amamini

amatur amantur

Imperfect

amabar amabamur

amabaris amabamini

amabatur amabantur

Future

amabor amabimur

amaberis amabimini

amabitur amabuntur

amo amare amavi amatusPerfect

amatus –a –um, sum amati –ae –a, sumus

es estis

est sunt

Pluperfect

amatus –a –um, eram amati –ae –a, eramus

eras eratis

erat erant

Future Perfect

amatus –a –um, ero amati –ae –a, erimus

eris eritis

erit erunt

moneo monēre monui monitus

Present

moneo monemus

mones monetis

monet monent

Imperfect

monebam monebamus

monebas monebatis

monebat monebant

Future

monebo monebimus

monebis monebitis

monebit monebunt

moneo monēre monui monitus

Perfect

monui monuimus

monuisti monuistis

monuit monuerunt

Pluperfect

monueram monueramus

monueras monueratis

monuerat monuerant

Future Perfect

monuero monuerimus

monueris monueritis

monuerit monuerint

moneo monēre monui monitus

Present

moneor monemur

moneris monemini

monetur monentur

Imperfect

monebar monebamur

monebaris monebamini

monebatur monebantur

Future

monebor monebimur

moneberis monebimini

monebitur monebuntur

moneo monēre monui monitus

Perfect

monitus –a –um, sum moniti –ae –a, sumus

es estis

est sunt

Pluperfect

monitus –a –um, eram moniti –ae –a, eramus

eras eratis

erat erant

Future Perfect

monitus –a –um, ero moniti –ae –a, erimus

eris eritis

erit erunt

rego regere rexi rectusPresent

rego regimus

regis regitis

regit regunt

Imperfect

regebam regebamus

regebas regebatis

regebat regebant

Future

regam regemus

reges regetis

reget regent

rego regere rexi rectusPerfect

rexi reximus

rexisti rexistis

rexit rexerunt

Pluperfect

rexeram rexeramus

rexeras rexeratis

rexerat rexerant

Future Perfect

rexero rexerimus

rexeris rexeritis

rexerit rexerint

rego regere rexi rectusPresent

regor regimur

regeris regimini

regitur reguntur

Imperfect

regebar regebamur

regebaris regebamini

regebatur regebantur

Future

regar regemur

regeris regemini

regetur regentur

rego regere rexi rectusPerfect

rectus –a –um, sum recti –ae –a, sumus

es estis

est sunt

Pluperfect

rectus –a –um, eram recti –ae –a, eramus

eras eratis

erat erant

Future Perfect

rectus –a –um, ero recti –ae –a, erimus

eris eritis

erit erunt

audio audire audivi auditusPresent

audio audimus

audis auditis

audit audiunt

Imperfect

audiebam audiebamus

audiebas audiebatis

audiebat audiebant

Future

audiam audiemus

audies audietis

audiet audient

audio audire audivi auditusPerfect

audivi audivimus

audivisti audivistis

audivit audiverunt

Pluperfect

audiveram audiveramus

audiveras audiveratis

audiverat audiverant

Future Perfect

audivero audiverimus

audiveris audiveritis

audiverit audiverint

audio audire audivi auditusPresent

audior audimur

audiris audimini

auditur audiuntur

Imperfect

audiebar audiebamur

audiebaris audiebamini

audiebatur audiebantur

Future

audiar audiemur

audieris audiemini

audietur audientur

audio audire audivi auditusPerfect

auditus –a –um, sum auditi –ae –a, sumus

es estis

est sunt

Pluperfect

auditus –a –um, eram auditi –ae –a, eramus

eras eratis

erat erant

Future Perfect

auditus –a –um, ero auditi –ae –a, erimus

eris eritis

erit erunt

capio capere cepi captusPresent

capio capimus

capis capitis

capit capiunt

Imperfect

capiebam capiebamus

capiebas capiebatis

capiebat capiebant

Future

capiam capiemus

capies capietis

capiet capient

capio capere cepi captusPerfect

cepi cepimus

cepisti cepistis

cepit ceperunt

Pluperfect

ceperam ceperamus

ceperas ceperatis

ceperat ceperant

Future Perfect

cepero ceperimus

ceperis ceperitis

ceperit ceperint

capio capere cepi captusPresent

capior capimur

caperis capimini

capitur capiuntur

Imperfect

capiebar capiebamur

capiebaris capiebamini

capiebatur capiebantur

Future

capiar capiemur

capieris capiemini

capietur capientur

capio capere cepi captusPerfect

captus –a –um, sum capti –ae –a, sumus

es estis

est sunt

Pluperfect

captus –a –um, eram capti –ae –a, eramus

eras eratis

erat erant

Future Perfect

captus –a –um, ero capti –ae –a, erimus

eris eritis

erit erunt

Recitation

♦imperatives

RecitationVerb Singular Plural Meaning

amo, amare ama amate Love!

moneo, monēre monē monete Warn!

rego, regere rege regite Rule!

capio, capere cape capite Take!

audio, audire audi audite Hear!

sum, esse es este Be!

dico, dicere dic dicite Speak!

duco, ducere duc ducite Lead!

facio, facere fac facite Make!

Recitation

♦5 declensions:mensa, servus, bellum, pater, flumen, portus, res

Recitation

♦Adjectives:acer acris acrebrevis –epotens potentis

Recitation

SIngular

M F

N

acer acris

acre

acris acris

acri acri

acrem acre

acri acri

Plural

M /F N

acres acria

acrium acrium

acribus acribus

acres acria

acribus acribus

Recitation

SIngular

M /F N

brevis breve

brevis brevis

brevi brevi

brevem breve

brevi brevi

Plural

M /F N

breves brevia

brevium brevium

brevibus brevibus

breves brevia

brevibus brevibus

RecitationM/F

Singular Plural

potens potentes

potentis potentium

potenti potentibus

potentem potentes

potenti potentibus

N

Singular Plural

potens potentia

potentis potentium

potenti potentibus

potens potentia

potenti potentibus

Recitation

♦Preposition Songs:-ab corum cum de ex in prae pro sine sub tenus

-ad ante apud in inter ob per post propter sub trans circum contra juxta

Recitation

♦Ordinal & Cardinal Numbers

RecitationCardinal Ordinal

unus –a –um one primus –a –um

first

duo –ae –o two secundus –a –um

second

tres tria three tertius –a –um

third

quattuor four quartus –a –um

fourth

quinque five quintus –a –um

fifth

sex six sextus –a –um

sixth

septem seven septimus –a –um

seventh

octo eight octavus –a –um

eighth

novem nine nonus –a –um

ninth

decem ten decimus –a –um

tenth

RecitationRoman

NumeralCardinal

XI undecim eleven

XII duodecim twelve

XIII tredecim thirteen

XIV quattuordecim

fourteen

XV quindecim fifteen

XVI sedecim sixteen

XVII septendecim seventeen

XVIII duodeviginti eighteen

XIX undeviginti nineteen

XX viginti twenty

Recitation3rd Person Pronouns;

Demonstrative Pronouns (1)Singular

Masculine

Feminine Neuter

is ea id

ejus ejus ejus

ei ei ei

eum eam id

eo eā eo

Plural

Masculine Feminine Neuter

ei eae ea

eorum earum eorum

eis eis eis

eos eas ea

eis eis eis

RecitationDemonstrative Pronouns (Near) (2)

Singular Plural

M F N M F N

hic haec hoc hi hae haechujus hujus hujus horu

mharum

horum

huic huic huic his his hishunc hanc hoc hos has haechoc hac hoc his his his

RecitationDemonstrative Pronouns (Far) (3)

Singular Plural

M F N M F N

ille illa illud illi illae illaillíus illíus illíus illoru

millarum

illorum

illi illi illi illis illis illisillum illam illud illos illas illaillo illā illo illis illis illis

RecitationDemonstrative Pronouns

(Near to Person Spoken to) (4)

Singular Plural

M F N M F N

iste ista istud isti istae ista

istíus istíus istíus istorum istarum

istorum

isti isti isti istis istis istis

istum istam istud istos istas ista

isto istā isto istis istis istis

RecitationIntensive Pronouns

Singular Plural

M F N M F N

ipse ipsa ipsum

ipsi ipsae ipsa

ipsíus ipsíus ipsíus

ipsorum

ipsarum

ipsorum

ipsi ipsi ipsi ipsis ipsis ipsis

ipsum ipsam ipsum

ipsos ipsas ipsa

ipso ipsā ipso ipsis ipsis ipsis

Latin Saying

per se

Latin Saying

per sein itself

Grammar1st Person Reflexive Pronoun

Case

Singular

Meaning Plural Meaning

Nom

-----

Gen mei of myself nostri (ob. gen)nostrum (part. gen.)

of ourselves

Dat mihi to/for myself

nobis to/for ourselves

Acc me myself nos ourselves

Abl me ibwf myself

nobis ibwf ourselves

Grammar1st Person Reflexive Pronoun

Case

Singular

Meaning Plural Meaning

Nom

-----

Gen mei of myself nostri (ob. gen)nostrum (part. gen.)

of ourselves

Dat mihi to/for myself

nobis to/for ourselves

Acc me myself nos ourselves

Abl me ibwf myself

nobis ibwf ourselvesNotice that these forms are identical to the personal pronoun forms, except that the nominative case is not included.

Grammar2nd Person Reflexive Pronoun

Case

Singular

Meaning Plural Meaning

Nom

-----

Gen tui of yourself vestri (ob. gen)vestrum (part. gen.)

of yourselves

Dat tibi to/for yourself

vobis to/for yourselves

Acc te yourself vos yourselves

Abl te ibwf yourself

vobis ibwf yourselves

Grammar2nd Person Reflexive Pronoun

Case

Singular

Meaning Plural Meaning

Nom

-----

Gen tui of yourself vestri (ob. gen)vestrum (part. gen.)

of yourselves

Dat tibi to/for yourself

vobis to/for yourselves

Acc te yourself vos yourselves

Abl te ibwf yourself

vobis ibwf yourselvesAgain, these forms are identical to the personal pronoun forms, except that the nominative case is not included.

Grammar3rd Person Reflexive Pronoun

Case Form Meaning

Nom ----

Gen. sui of himself, herself, itself, themselves

Dat. sibi to/for himself, herself, itself, themselves

Acc. se himself, herself, itself, themselves

Abl. se ibwf himself, herself, itself, themselves

Grammar3rd Person Reflexive Pronoun

Case Form Meaning

Nom ----

Gen. sui of himself, herself, itself, themselves

Dat. sibi to/for himself, herself, itself, themselves

Acc. se himself, herself, itself, themselves

Abl. se ibwf himself, herself, itself, themselves

-Notice that the forms follow the pattern of the 2nd person reflexive pronoun: tui, tibi, te, te.-Why is there is no nominative form? Because a reflexive pronoun is always in the predicate, refers back to the subject, and functions as an object.

GrammarReflexive Pronoun Adjectives

Person

Singular Meaning

Plural Meaning

1st meus mea meum

my (own) noster nostra nostrum

our (own)

2nd tuus tua tuum your (own)

vester vestra vestrum

your (pl.) (own)

3rd suus sua suum his, her, its, their (own)

GrammarReflexive Pronoun Adjectives

Person

Singular Meaning

Plural Meaning

1st meus mea meum

my (own) noster nostra nostrum

our (own)

2nd tuus tua tuum your (own)

vester vestra vestrum

your (pl.) (own)

3rd suus sua suum his, her, its, their (own)

The possession pronoun adjectives, meus, tuus, noster, and vester can be used reflexively. The 3rd person possessive pronoun suus sua suum (introduced in Lesson XV) is also used reflexively.

Grammar

♦1st and 2nd Person Reflexive Pronouns

Grammar

♦1st and 2nd Person Reflexive PronounsThese forms are the same as the

personal pronouns, without the nominative forms ego and tu.

2nd person

-----

tui

tibi

te

te

1st person

-----

mei

mihi

me

me

Grammar

♦1st and 2nd Person Reflexive PronounsThere are no nominative forms because

Reflexive Pronouns are always in the predicate, function as objects, and refer back to the subject of the sentence or clause.

2nd person

-----

tui

tibi

te

te

1st person

-----

mei

mihi

me

me

Grammar

♦1st and 2nd Reflexive PronounsIn English the 1st and 2nd person

reflexive pronouns are myself, ourselves, yourself, and yourselves.

Grammar

♦1st and 2nd Reflexive PronounsIn English the 1st and 2nd person

reflexive pronouns are myself, ourselves, yourself, and yourselves.

In Latin the 1st and 2nd person personal pronouns and their adjective forms are used reflexively without any change in form.

Grammar

♦1st and 2nd Reflexive PronounsIn Latin the 1st and 2nd person

personal pronouns and their adjective forms are used reflexively without any change in form.

Me pressi. I pressed myself.

Grammar

♦1st and 2nd Reflexive PronounsIn Latin the 1st and 2nd person

personal pronouns and their adjective forms are used reflexively without any change in form.

Me pressi. I pressed myself.Nos traximus. We dragged

ourselves.

Grammar

♦1st and 2nd Reflexive PronounsIn Latin the 1st and 2nd person personal

pronouns and their adjective forms are used reflexively without any change in form.

Me pressi. I pressed myself.Nos traximus. We dragged

ourselves.Te fixisti. You fastened yourself.

Grammar

♦1st and 2nd Reflexive PronounsIn Latin the 1st and 2nd person personal

pronouns and their adjective forms are used reflexively without any change in form.

Me pressi. I pressed myself.Nos traximus. We dragged ourselves.Te fixisti. You fastened yourself.Tuos canes fixisti. You fastened your own

dogs.

Grammar

♦3rd Person Reflexive PronounsThe 3rd person pronouns is, ea, id are

not used reflexively. Instead sui sibi se se are used for all 3rd person reflexives, himself, herself, itself, and themselves.

Grammar

♦3rd Person Reflexive PronounsThe 3rd person pronouns is, ea, id are

not used reflexively. Instead sui sibi se se are used for all 3rd person reflexives, himself, herself, itself, and themselves.

Se amant. They love themselves.

Grammar

♦3rd Person Reflexive PronounsThe 3rd person pronouns is, ea, id are

not used reflexively. Instead sui sibi se se are used for all 3rd person reflexives, himself, herself, itself, and themselves.

Se amant. They love themselves.Se amat. He loves himself.

Grammar

♦Secum like mecumAs with the 1st and 2nd person

personal pronouns, secum is used instead of cum se.

Practice

There are no ___________ forms because Reflexive Pronouns are always in the ________ , function as _______, and refer back to the ________ of the sentence or clause.

Practice

There are no nominative forms because Reflexive Pronouns are always in the predicate, function as objects, and refer back to the subject of the sentence or clause.

Practice

The intensive pronoun ____________ a particular word.

Practice

The intensive pronoun emphasizes a particular word.

Practice

In Latin the 1st and 2nd person _________ __________ and their adjective forms are used reflexively without any change in form.

Practice

In Latin the 1st and 2nd person personal pronouns and their adjective forms are used reflexively without any change in form.

Practice

Give the 1st person reflexive/intensive pronouns in English.

Practice

Give the 1st person reflexive/intensive pronouns in English.

myself, ourselves

Practice

Give the 2nd person reflexive/intensive pronouns in English.

Practice

Give the 2nd person reflexive/intensive pronouns in English.

yourself, yourselves

Practice

Give the 3rd person reflexive/intensive pronouns in English.

Practice

Give the 3rd person reflexive/intensive pronouns in English.

himself, herself, itself, themselves

Practice

Give the 3rd person reflexive pronouns.

Practice

Give the 3rd person reflexive pronouns.

suisibisese

Practice

What is the 3rd person reflexive pronoun adjective?

Practice

What is the 3rd person reflexive pronoun adjective?

suus –a –um

Practice

Give the four demonstrative pronouns in the order you learned them.

Practice

Give the four demonstrative pronouns in the order you learned them.

is, ea, idhic, haec, hocille, illa, illudiste, ista, istud

Practice

♦TranslateCanis in flumen se jecit.

Practice

♦TranslateCanis in flumen se jecit.The dog threw himself into the

river.

Practice

♦TranslateCultro me vulneravi.

Practice

♦TranslateCultro me vulneravi.I wounded myself with a knife.

Practice

♦TranslateMe audivi.

Practice

♦TranslateMe audivi.I heard myself.

Practice

♦TranslateMiles se celavit.

Practice

♦TranslateMiles se celavit.The soldier hid himself.

Practice

♦TranslateWe wounded ourselves.

Practice

♦TranslateWe wounded ourselves.Nos vulnerávimus.

Practice

♦Translatein itself

Practice

♦Translatein itselfper se