FIRST AID

• PAGES 341-342

Minor

Injuries

Muscle Cramp• Sudden and sometimes painful

contractions of the muscles• Occur when muscles are:

– Tired– Overworked– Dehydrated

• Treatment – Stretch and massage– Drink water

Strain

• Injury to a muscle or tendon• Tendons attach muscles to bones

Sprain

• Injury to a ligament• Ligaments attach bones to bones

Treatment for minor injuries

• (Protect from further injury)• R.I.C.E.• REST• ICE – 20 minutes on, 20 minutes off• COMPRESSION• ELEVATION

Tendonitis

• Tendons are inflamed or swollen• Ice and rest

Major Injuries

Fractures

• Break in the bone• Closed fracture (simple) – bone

stays in the skin• Open fracture (compound) - bone

breaks through the skin.

Dislocation

• Separation of the bone from the joint• **Do not try to put back into place**

Treatment for fractures and dislocation

• Immobilize • Call 911 or go to ER

Concussion

• Results from a blow to the head• Can cause swelling of the brain• Warning signs include:

– Headache– Vomiting– Dizziness– Loss of memory

• Seek medical help immediately