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BENEFITS FROM PHOTOVOLTAICS IN INDIA

Dr. Thomas Schlegl

Fraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy Systems ISE

3rd Fraunhofer Innovation and Technology Platform (FIT) Bangalore, 22nd November 2014

www.ise.fraunhofer.de

How to profit from photovoltaics

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Photovoltaic is competitive to other energy sourcesLevelized cost of electricity (LCOE), projections for Germany until 2030

Source: Fraunhofer ISE, 2013

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Dependence on site and market conditionsLCOE for renewable energy sources 2013

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Projections of a strong and long-term market growthPV market development, GW per year

PV Market is growingrapidly, and globally

Transitioning from government subsidies to market based asset financing

Excellent business opportunities for various stakeholders

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Manufacturers: competitiveness

Banks: want their money back

Investors: maximal ROI (yield), minimal risk

Insurances: minimal risk

System operators: high performance ratio and low maintenance effort

Consumers: low costs for electricity at stable supply

Grid operators: easy integration

State: positive job effects

Requirements of stakeholders

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High quality at competitive costs

Highly efficient and reliable

Long-term stable with minimal degradation

State-of-the-art design

Optimal system integration and operation

Adapted grid expansion planning

Understanding the requirements of stakeholdersleads to following requirements

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Support in c-Si technology development and transferFraunhofer ISE offerings for manufacturers, I

Technical and commercial due dilligence studies

Roadmapping for future technology development

Identification of locally available supply chain and customers

CoO analysis and risk assessment for different technology options

Efficiency and performance ratio potential

Profitability analysis

Specification and set up of local production facilities

Total facility layout

Support during procurement of process

Sustainability and environmental impact analysis

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Support in c-Si technology development and transferFraunhofer ISE offerings for manufacturers, II

Benchmark analysis

Auditing of existing or new production lines

Identification of efficiency limitations

Recommendations for evolutionary technology upgrades

R&D collaboration for joint developments

Adapted to customer and local market needs

Transfer of processes and support in further optimisation

Education and scientific exchange

Theoretical and practical training of employees

Supporting local R&D and academic infrastructure

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IEC / UL Certification

Steady State Solar Simulator

Pulsed Solar Simulator (AAA)

NOCT Test Stand

Mechanical Load Test Stand

Hail Test Stand

Several Climate Chambers

Electroluminescence Camera

Infrared Camera

Electrical Safety Test Stand

Module Breakage Test Stand

Reverse Current Test Stand

Certification according to Quality StandardsTestLab PV Modules

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Quality Tests Beyond StandardAdvanced Tests

Extended mechanical load test

Extended hail test

Salt mist test for maritime climate

Damp-heat chamber with integrated UV source

Climate chamber with steady state solar simulator

Enhanced UV test (90-120 kWh/m²)

Potential induced degradation test

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Example:

Comparison of 14 module types of nine manufacturers

400 Thermal Cycles

Damp Heat 2000 hours

Bankability and Quality ControlComparative Testing

-4

-3

-2

-1

0

1

2

3

4

P01 P02 P03 P04 P05 P06 P07 P08 P09

Dev

iati

on

in %

Participant

Powerloss in % after 400 Thermal Cycles

Module 1

-37,0

4

-8

-6

-4

-2

0

2

4

P01 P02 P03 P04 P05 P06 P07 P08 P09

Dev

iati

on

in %

Participant

Powerloss in % after 2000 hrs Damp Heat

Module 1

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Quality Assurance for Utility Scale PV Plants

Solar resource and yield assessment

Manufacturer quality benchmarking

Module power and energy rating

Module performance check

Module reliability check

Module material check

Final acceptance test

Initial performance and safety verification

PV plant certification

Continuous long-term performance reporting

Failure analyzes and reporting

Optimization and re-powering

Commissioning OperationImplementationPlanning and Design

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Investment in PV – cost saving options for electricity supplyHybrid energy system for German industrial companies

Classes of electricity pricesdepending on demand (Germany)

-1000

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

0 6 12 18 24

Load

[kW

]

Hour of day

Sunday winterWorkday summerPV

Electricity load and PV generation

0.00

0.05

0.10

0.15

0.20

0.25

0.30

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Elec

tric

ity

pri

ces

for

ind

ust

rial

co

nsu

mer

s [€

/kW

h]

YearBand IA : Cons. < 20 MWhBand IB : 20 MWh < Cons. < 500 MWhBand IC : 500 MWh < Cons. < 2 000 MWhBand ID : 2 000 MWh < Cons. < 20 000 MWhBand IE : 20 000 MWh < Cons. < 70 000 MWhBand IF : 70 000 MWh < Cons. < 150 000 MWhBand IG : Cons. > 150 000 MWh*

Motivation:

Increasing electricity costs while decreasing costs for renewable energy technologies

Increased planning reliability of costs for electricity

In regions with power shortages: improved electricity supply

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Modelling the regional market development, as basis for optimal grid expansion planningExample Germany

LCOE will depend on region

Investments and LCOE depending on investortype

Generation costs –renewable energies

Photovoltaics –private investors

Biogas renewableraw material

Biogas organicwaste

semi-liquid manure

Wind onshore

Electricity generation costs fromrenewable energies in Germany

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Energy system optimizationRegional and national analysis of electricity systems

Long-term Scenarios Technology Portfolios

Location Planning Energy Flows

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Optimization model for grid expansion planning

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SUMMARY

Photovoltaics is already competitive, a strong and long-term market growth is projected

Many business opportunities for various stakeholders as manufacturers, banks, investors, insurances, consumers system operators, grid operators

Fraunhofer ISE offers support for market success within individual objectives

We are happy to support you!

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Thank you for your kind attention!

Fraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy Systems ISE

Dr. Thomas Schlegl

Thomas.Schlegl@ise.fraunhofer.de

www.ise.fraunhofer.de