1.1: Renaissance, Protestant Reformation, & Exploration

Follow along in the student packet: “Content students MUST KNOW to be successful on the GHSGT” (pgs. 9-12)

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The student will analyze change and continuity in the Renaissance and Reformation.

What is the Renaissance?During the Renaissance (1300 to 1600), Western Europe emerged from the Middle Ages:Renaissance means “rebirth”Revival in Greek & Roman ideasNew ideas in art, government, & human potential; Trade; Cities

The Renaissance marked the beginning of the “modern era”

Indicator AExplain the social, economic, and political changes that contributed to the rise of Florence and the ideas of Machiavelli.

RENAISSANCE WRITERS

Renaissance humanists were challenged “traditional” beliefs, wrote in the vernacular, & took advantage of the printing press:ErasmusPetrarch Dante Machiavelli

Introduction

Can you identify the following Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles?

Donatello

Leonardo Rafael

Michelangelo

Introduction Not bad! But it’s doubtful

whether that question will be on the GHSGT or knowledge of these guys will have any lasting significance.

Indicator BIdentify artistic and scientific achievements of Leonardo da Vinci, the “Renaissance man,” and Michelangelo.

Classical Ideas

PerspectiveReligion

The Individual

Realism

Leonardo da Vinci Viewed as the original “ _ man”

for his expertise in painting, sculpting, engineering, physics, anatomy and other subjects. His most well known paintings are the and The Last Supper.

He produced mechanical drawings so detailed that they could be used as plans for construction. He conceptualized many inventions that were not realized until the th century.

Renaissance

Mona Lisa

20

technical

“The Last Supper” by Leonardo da Vinci

Leonardo da Vinci’s“Mona Lisa”

Leonardo da Vinci“Renaissance Man”

Leonardo da Vinci - Inventions

Leonardo da Vinci - Inventions

Leonardo da Vinci - Inventions

Michelangelo

Indicator CExplain the main characteristics of humanism; include the ideas of Petrarch, Dante, and Erasmus.

Studied the history, philosophy, and poetry of the ancient ______ and Romans. They challenged “traditional” beliefs, wrote in the vernacular, & took advantage of the printing _______. : Machiavelli Petrarch Dante Erasmus

Humanists

Greeks

press

Petrarch Often called the “______” of

Humanism He argued that no conflict existed between secular

achievements and a person’s relationship with _____. He believed God had given people intelligence and _______ that should be used to the fullest in all aspects of life.

father

Godtalents

Dante Took the humanist ideas of his contemporaries and

incorporated them into literature written in the __________ language (vernacular) of his day.

Most serious writers of the Renaissance wrote exclusively in ______. He is considered to be the father of the _______ language because he wrote his books using the common language of Florence.

common

LatinItalian

Erasmus A Dutch Christian Humanist who

believed in reforming the Catholic Church from ________.

He believed in free _____ rather than the predestination of the Protestant movement.

will

within

All of the following are true about the Renaissance EXCEPT

Ren

aiss

ance

me.

..

Rev

ival

in G

re...

New

idea

s in

a...

It b

egan

in F

r...

0%

90%

5%5%

1. Renaissance means “rebirth”

2. Revival in Greek and Roman ideals

3. New ideas in art, government, human potential

4. It began in France.

10

In his work, The Prince, he described the combination of force and shrewd decision-making required by a ruling prince to maintain power and order.

Mac

hiavel

li

Pet

rarc

h

Dan

te

Era

smus

64%

0%

14%

23%

1. Machiavelli

2. Petrarch

3. Dante

4. Erasmus

10

All of the following are works of Michelangelo EXCEPT

Dav

id

Mona

Lisa

Pai

nting o

n ce.

..

Pie

ta

10%15%

20%

55%1. David

2. Mona Lisa

3. Painting on ceiling of Sistine Chapel

4. Pieta

10

He is considered by many to be the father of the Italian language because he wrote his books using the common language of Florence.

Mac

hiavel

li

Pet

rarc

h

Dan

te

Era

smus

0%4%

65%

30%

1. Machiavelli

2. Petrarch

3. Dante

4. Erasmus

10

He was a Dutch Christian Humanist who believed in reforming the Catholic Church from within the institution.

Mac

hiavel

li

Pet

rarc

h

Dan

te

Era

smus

0%

95%

0%5%

1. Machiavelli

2. Petrarch

3. Dante

4. Erasmus

10

He argued that no conflict existed between secular achievements and a person’s relationship with God.

Mac

hiavel

li

Pet

rarc

h

Dan

te

Era

smus

9%5%5%

82%1. Machiavelli

2. Petrarch

3. Dante

4. Erasmus

10

Indicator DAnalyze the impact of the Protestant Reformation; include the ideas of Martin Luther and John Calvin.

The Protestant Reformation

Click H

ere

How did his criticisms expand into an effort to form a new church?

• Wrote ___ Theses to start debate on Church abuses• Published books and pamphlets ____________

Church teachings • Ideas for reform led to breaking with the Catholic

Church and formed Lutheranism as the first __________ Church. 1. congregations choose their own __________2. worship of saints and holy days “_______”3. mass conducted in ___________ instead of Latin4. clergy allowed to _________

95

questioning

Protestantministerssinful

Germanmarry

Calvinists (1546)• Founded by John ________

• Believed in predestination (God had predetermined who would obtain __________)

• Thought a disciplined, strict life would prove who had been _________

• Believed in theocracy - government ruled by the ________ where behaviors such as dancing, drinking alcohol, and gambling would be outlawed.

Calvin

salvation

chosen

Church

Indicator EDescribe the Counter Reformation at the Council of Trent and the role of the Jesuits.

The Catholic Reformation

Click H

ere

Protestant Reformation

Indicator FDescribe the English Reformation and the role of Henry VIII and Elizabeth I.

Conflict

Anglicans (1534)

• Founded by King Henry ______ of England• King Henry enraged by pope’s decision not to

grant him _________• Believed the monarch, not the ______, was

supreme religious authority of England• Broke away, but beliefs were almost the same

as the ________ Church• When his daughter, Elizabeth, became Queen,

she turned the Anglican church to a moderate form of _____________.

VIII

divorcepope

Catholic

Protestantism

Indicator GExplain the importance of Gutenberg and the invention of the printing press.

Human Potential

Martin Luther believed

1. Salvation could be attained through good works.

2. Johann Tetzel was a great man.

3. God predestined those who would be saved.

4. Salvation was by faith alone.

10

Martin Luther did all of the following EXCEPT

Nai

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is 9

5 Thes

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Condem

ned th

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Form

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e Anglic

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Publis

hed b

ooks a

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0% 0%0%0%

1. Nailed his 95 Thesis on the door of a Catholic church

2. Condemned the sale of indulgences

3. Formed the Anglican Church

4. Published books and pamphlets questioning Church teachings

0

5

10

What expanded the circulation of literary works during the Renaissance?

1. Improved advertising

2. The printing press3. Unity in Europe4. The support of the

church

10

This person printed the first Bible in Europe made with moveable type. This invention allowed the ideas of the Protestant Reformation to spread rapidly.

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n Eliz

abet

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ry V

II...

John C

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Mar

tin L

uther

Johan

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20% 20% 20%20%20%

0

5

1. Queen Elizabeth I2. King Henry VIII3. John Calvin4. Martin Luther5. Johann Gutenberg

10

Speed!

Name of the movement against corrupt practices within the Catholic Church

The

Catholic

Ref

orma.

..

The

Counter R

eform

a...

The

Prote

stan

t Ref

or...

The

Renais

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1. The Catholic Reformation

2. The Counter Reformation

3. The Protestant Reformation

4. The Renaissance

0

5

10

A group of Catholics who believed in restoring Catholicism to newly Protestant areas of Europe.

Luth

eran

s

Jes

uits

Cal

vinis

t

Anglic

ans

0% 0%0%0%

1. Lutherans2. Jesuits3. Calvinist4. Anglicans

0

5

10

Speed!

A body of Catholic Bishops who met over a period of 18 years to work on reforming corrupt practices within the Catholic Church

The

Diet o

f Wo...

The

Inquis

itio...

The

95-T

heses

The

Council o

f...

25% 25%25%25%

0

5

1. The Diet of Worms

2. The Inquisition3. The 95-Theses4. The Council of

Trent

10

The student will analyze the impact of the age of discovery and expansion into the Americas, Africa, and Asia.

Indicator AExplain the roles of explorers and conquistadors; include Vasco da Gama, Christopher Columbus, Ferdinand Magellan, and Samuel de Champlain.

Indicator BDefine the Columbian Exchange and its global economic and cultural impact.

Indicator CExplain the role of improved technology in European exploration; include the astrolabe.

The Age of Exploration

Click H

ere

The Age of Exploration

England created 13 colonies in North America (Jamestown, Virginia was 1st in 1607) that will

eventually become the United States

France unsuccessfully explored New World looking for a northwest passage to Asia;

Colonized Canada & established a fur trade

The Netherlands created the Dutch East India Company & began to dominate trade in the East Indies

The Dutch colonized Manhattan in New York

The Columbian Exchange

The first European to lead an expedition that successfully circumnavigated the earth.

1. Vasco Da Gama2. Christopher

Columbus3. Ferdinand Magellan4. Samuel de

Champlain

10

This person’s voyages to Eastern Africa and Western India helped Portugal establish key positions along the Indian Ocean.

1. Vasco Da Gama2. Christopher

Columbus3. Ferdinand Magellan4. Samuel de

Champlain10

This person helped establish a permanent European settlement on the island of Hispaniola and facilitated contact between Europe and the people of what would become the Americas.

1. Vasco Da Gama2. Christopher

Columbus3. Ferdinand Magellan4. Samuel de

Champlain10

Speed!

This person established the first French Colony in what would become North America in Quebec City.

1. Vasco Da Gama2. Christopher

Columbus3. Ferdinand Magellan4. Samuel de

Champlain

10

All of the following is true about mercantilism EXCEPT1. Based on desire of

countries to attain gold.

2. Countries need colonies.

3. Colonies manufacture raw materials.

4. Colonies buy goods from mother country.

10

Items sent East across the Atlantic as part of the Colombian Exchange include all of the following EXCEPT

1. Bananas2. Turkey3. Peanuts4. Potatoes

10

The Scientific Revolution

Click H

ere

This man was able to prove Copernicus’s theory of a heliocentric solar system.

1. Copernicus2. Galileo Galilei3. Johannes

Kepler4. Sir Isaac

Newton

10

This man is famous for his laws of gravity and motion which explained many aspects of the physical world.

1. Copernicus2. Galileo Galilei3. Johannes

Kepler4. Sir Isaac

Newton

10