PREPARATION CONDUCTIVE NYLON 6 NANOFIBER FOR MEDICAL APPLICATION
Transcript of PREPARATION CONDUCTIVE NYLON 6 NANOFIBER FOR MEDICAL APPLICATION
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PREPARATION CONDUCTIVE NYLON 6 NANOFIBER FOR MEDICAL APPLICATION
*Laleh MALEKNIA ,Ramin KAYALI,Majid MONTAZER
Department of Textile Engineering-Islamic Azad University-South Tehran Branch *[email protected]
Abstract
Conductive Nano fiber use in make of nerve matrix and help us for persuasion nerve with weak electricity
flow to injured limb. In this study, Due to the high flexibility and high elongation nylon 6 and High strength
nylon 6 in front of some chemicals such as acid and weak base chosen for the initial substrate and matrix.
first nylon6 nano fiber electrospinning in different concentration , distance and voltage. Next Carbon nano
tubes due to the high strength and electrical conductivity and other unique properties are used as filler , nano
fiber covered with acid functionalized , single wall carbon nano tube . for survey of diameter and morphology
of nylon 6 nano fiber and quality of pervade carbon nano tube in nano fiber, use FESEM (field emission
scanning electron microscopy). For study of conductive property, electrospin web transform to single fiber
then conductive property Measured by ohmmeter.Study of result display , average of diameter nano fiber is
97 nm and average of electrical resistance is 51.84 Ω .
Keyword: nylon 6 - SWNT – electrospinning – nano fiber – conductivity
1. INTRODUCTION
1.1 Composite nylon 6 and carbon nanotube
Different ways is for used carbon nanotubes in the production of nylon 6 nanofibers . In some articles to the
web of nylon 6 and the carbon nanotube without forming any strong link between nylon 6 and carbon Nano
tubes are mentioned and nylon 6 and carbon Nano tubes alone together, and the only link between them can
be linked is the physical link. In other articles for chemical bonding between nylon 6 and carbon nanotubes,
before or During the manufacturing process, the work is done. In general, the methods employed in the
production of carbon nanotube nano-fibers, nylon 6 is as follows:
Using carbon nano-tubes before spinning
Using carbon nano-tubes in spinning
Using carbon nano-tubes after spinning
In the first way carbon Nano tubes with the percentages ditinct used in the synthesis of polymers Nylon 6
and Polymer chains and nanotubes are engaged and It is also possible to create chemical bonds. In the way
using nano tube in spinning process , Nylon 6 and the carbon nanotube with a certain percentage dissolved
in the common solvent and spinning. In the end way Nylon 6 is spinning next saturate in carbon nano tube
solution. For chemical bonding between nylon 6 and carbon nanotubes need to functionalized CNT.
functionalized CNT is two type , acid functionalized CNT and amin functionalized CNT. (–OH) Group is
formed on the surface of acid functionalized CNT and (- NH2) Group is formed on the surface of amin
functionalized CNT.
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In the articles different, on the properties of composition Nylon 6 and the carbon nanotube research has
been done. With the addition of carbon nanotubes to the nylon strength and initial modulus increases and
elongation decreases. With increasing the amount of carbon nanotubes, properties more changes .
1.2 Nylon electrospinning:
Factors affecting the electrospinning are two parts, changeable and unchangeable are classified. some of
Changeable Factors is as follows:
Molecular weight, molecular weight
distribution and molecular structure of the
polymer
Spinning solution properties (surface
tension, viscosity and conductivity, etc.)
Potential difference
Feed rate
The distance between the nozzle and the
collector
Each of these parameters have significant effects on the nano-fiber manufacturing. In nylon electrospinning,
Each parameter has a certain range. With increasing concentration or molecular weight nylon6 , Diameter of
nanofibers increases and With increasing Potential difference ,Diameter of nanofibers decrease and With
increasing Feed rate , Diameter of nanofibers increases and With increasing The distance between the
nozzle and the collector Diameter of nanofibers decrease. With decreasing diameter of the nano-fibers are
torn. electrospinning parameters have influence on each other. For achieve the desired electrospinning Web
, Range of parameters must be observed.
2. EXPERIMENTAL
2.1 Materials experiment
Granules of nylon 6 with molecular
weight 30000
Chloroform, Merck
Formic acid %98, Merck
Single-wall carbon nanotubes,
Research Institute of Petroleum
Industry, Iran
2.2 Equipment
acid functionalized CNT
amin functionalized CNT
Fig. 1 Connecting nylon 6 with functionalized CNT
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electrospinning Devices , model ES1000
field emission scanning electron
microscopy
DSC, METTLER TOLEDO Company
Ultrasonic, hielscher up400s
Ohm meter, MITZU MP-5000
2.3 Experiment method
2.3.1 Preparation of Nylon 6 solution for electrospinning
First solution with different concentrations of nylon 6 (15%, 18% and 20%) was prepared with formic acid as
the solvent for nylon 6, Then each solution electrospinning by different distances and voltages and Constant
feed rate. Nozzle to collector distance of 10, 13 and 15 cm and a voltage of 17, 20 and 25 kW was
adjusted,11 samples are prepared and Samples are coded.
Table1.Samples are coded
C1 (%) C2 (%) C3 (%)
15 18 20
d1 (cm) d2 (cm) d3 (cm)
10 13 15
V1 (v) V2 (v) V3 (v)
17 20 25
F = 0.09 (ml/hr)
S1: C2V2d1 S6:C3V2d1
S2:C2V1d3 S7:C3V1d3
S3:C2V2d2 S8:C3V2d2
S4:C2V3d3 S9:C3V2d3
S5:C2V2d3 S10: C3V3d3
To study the nanostructure and morphology of the nanofibers FESEM images of the samples are taken and
For study of The thermal properties and Effect of concentration of nylon while the remaining parameters are
Stable, the DSC test were taken from 3 samples.Then, all the Web Nylon 6 dipped in a solution of carbon
nanotubes. Web by turning to string , electrical conductivity of the sample is measured.
2.3.2 Preparation of carbon nanotubes
For cleaning and activation Carbon nanotubes, Carbon nanotubes in a mixture of sulfuric acid and nitric acid,
respectively, which were combined to the ratio of 1 to 2, Boil for 2 hours. then , Single-walled carbon
nanotube with two different percentage 0.1% and 0.3% was dissolved in chloroform. For dispersion of
nanotubes use ultrasonic for 2 hours. Then, for the same conditions, the same amount of dissolved carbon
nanotube and chloroform was poured into 11 different bath. Each nylon web is placed inside a bath for 15
minute. This is done separately for solution 0.1% and 0.3% ,Of the 22 samples, Of the 22 samples, 12
samples were selected to study the morphology and microstructure and sample FESEM were prepared. Web
becomes into yarn by hand and electrical resistivity of the samples was measured with an ohm meter.
2.4 Results and its discussion
2.4.1 The morphology of nylon nanofibers
FESEM images of the samples prepared with 3 different concentrations and 3 different voltage with a
constant feed rate and distance can be concluded that The average diameter of the nanofibers decreases
with increasing voltage. Reducing the diameter of the nanofibers Due to the orientation of the
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macromolecular chains of nylon 6 with Towards the Nano Fiber Production and It is because of the
increased tension. Web uniformity first increases and then decreases, also with study of FESEM image can
say With increasing concentration, the diameter of the nanofibers generated voltage rises That the results
obtained matches by other studies results.
S11 S2 S5 S4 S7 S9 S10
Fig. 2 FESEM images of the samples prepared with 3 different concentrations and 3 different voltage, from
left to right increases voltage and from up to down increases concentration
Can be seen by study the thermal test Crystallites initially increases and then decreases with increasing
concentration and Tg and Tm samples is consistent with Nylon 6 , could say the voltage used and the
concentrations used , Optimum voltage is 20 Kv and the optimal concentration is 18%.
20% 18% 15%
Fig. 3 DSC graph from up to down decreases concentration
With increasing Distance of nozzle until collector polymer chains are stretched over a longer time and make
The fiber diameter decreases. With study of FESEM image can say Optimum Distance of nozzle until
collector is 13 cm.
S1 S3 S5 S6 S8 S9
Fig. 4 FESEM images of the samples prepared with 2 different concentrations and 3 Distance of nozzle until collector from left to right increases Distance and from up to down increases concentration
Sample 8
Sample 8, 0.9700 mg
Glass Transition
O nset -3.08 °C
Midpoint 32.33 °C
Inflect. P t. -1.82 °C
Inflect. S lp. -30.29e-03 Wg^-1°C ^-1
Midpoint A STM ,IEC 13.96 °C
Delta cp A STM ,IEC 1.977 Jg^-1K^-1
C ry stallinity 19.27 %
Integral -43.01 mJ
normalized -44.34 Jg^-1
O nset 209.47 °C
Peak 222.06 °C
Endset 229.59 °C
Wg^-1
-2
-1
0
1
°C0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400
^e xo
Sa mp le 8
1 3 .0 2 .2 0 1 3 1 7 :0 0 :5 4
ST AR e SW 1 0 .0 0
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Sample 3
Sample 3, 0.8700 mgGlass Transition
O nset 12.82 °C
Midpoint 38.68 °C
Inflect. P t. 25.67 °C
Inflect. S lp. -7.50e-03 Wg^-1°C ^-1
Midpoint A STM ,IEC 27.33 °C
Delta cp A STM ,IEC 0.86 Jg^-1K^-1
Integral -2.63 mJ
normalized -3.03 Jg^-1
O nset 128.53 °C
Peak 141.33 °C
Endset 149.96 °C
C ry stallinity 17.10 %
Integral -34.23 mJ
normalized -39.35 Jg^-1
O nset 210.27 °C
Peak 223.65 °C
Endset 231.47 °C
Wg^-1
-0.5
0.0
0.5
1.0
°C0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400
^e xo
Sa mp le 3
1 3 .0 2 .2 0 1 3 1 6 :5 6 :2 2
ST AR e SW 1 0 .0 0
Ir a n Po ly me r & Pe tr o che mic a l i ns ti t ut e - The r ma l Ana l ysi s: M ET TL ER
Sample 11
Sample 11, 0.9000 mg
Glass Transition
O nset 5.95 °C
Midpoint 36.14 °C
Inflect. P t. 20.50 °C
Inflect. S lp. -44.28e-03 Wg^-1°C ^-1
Midpoint A STM ,IEC 25.65 °C
Delta cp A STM ,IEC 3.78 Jg^-1K^-1
C ry stallinity 20.94 %
Integral -43.36 mJ
normalized -48.18 Jg^-1
O nset 214.41 °C
Peak 224.69 °C
Endset 230.52 °C
Wg^-1
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
°C0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400
^e xo
Sa mp le 1 1
1 3 .0 2 .2 0 1 3 1 6 :5 2 :3 9
ST AR e SW 1 0 .0 0
Ir a n Po ly me r & Pe tr o che mic a l i ns ti t ut e - The r ma l Ana l ysi s: M ETTL ER
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2.4.2 Nylon 6 dipped in a solution of carbon nanotubes
As is clear from the FESEM images in each concentration of carbon nanotubes well have been distributed
on the surface of nylon 6 nanofibers and With increasing concentration of carbon nanotubes, can be seen
which gathering carbon nanotubes together has grown .
We can conclude that the purification process was carried out well . whatever diameter decreases, contact
Surface increasing and carbon nanotubes attract increasing.
2.4.3 Conductivity properties
Nylon 6 is a polymer insulator but with adding carbon nanotubes on web nylon6 , The final composition is
conductive. It can be concluded With measure the electrical resistance of the specimens with an ohm meter.
Whatever Increase the amount of nanotubes and Diameter of nanofibers decreased and nylon6 web
uniformity increases , conductivity is increases.
sample S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 S7 S8 S9 S10 S11
0.1%
CNT 85 53.3 43.5 67.5 43 45 70 42.5 45 73.3 50.6
0.3%
CNT 76.6 50.25 41 50 39 46 51.2 35 33.75 50 49
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