OBTENTION OF CELLULOSE NANOFIBER FROM ALMOND SHELL USING DIFFERENT CHEMICAL TREATMENTS Biorefinery...
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Transcript of OBTENTION OF CELLULOSE NANOFIBER FROM ALMOND SHELL USING DIFFERENT CHEMICAL TREATMENTS Biorefinery...
OBTENTION OF CELLULOSE NANOFIBER FROM ALMOND SHELL
USING DIFFERENT CHEMICAL TREATMENTS
Biorefinery Process GroupDepartment of Chemical and Environmental Engineering
University of Basque CountryPza. Europa 1, 20018, San Sebastian, SPAIN
Correspondence to: [email protected]
October 8-9 Trabzon, Turkey
Eduardo Robles, Iñaki Urruzola, Rodrigo Llano-Ponte, Rodrigo Llano-Ponte, Jalel Labidi
COST Action FP1105 October 8-9 Trabzon, Turkey
Determining the best chemical treatment to remove lignin content in almond shell (Prunus dulcis)
Determining the best crystallinity achieved with the different mercerizations.
Analysis:FTIR TGA X-Ray
Objectives
Obtention Of Cellulose Nanofibers From Almond Shell Using Different Chemical Treatments. Eduardo Robles, Iñaki Urruzola, Rodrigo Llano-Ponte, Jalel Labidi.
COST Action FP1105 October 8-9 Trabzon, Turkey
Obtention Of Cellulose Nanofibers From Almond Shell Using Different Chemical Treatments. Eduardo Robles, Iñaki Urruzola, Rodrigo Llano-Ponte, Jalel Labidi.
Pretreatment
NaOH (1%) w/w alkaline solution
T = 20 ºC t = 24 h
NaOH 7.5% w/wT = 60 ºC t = 24 h
Formic acid/water 90/10 v/v
T = 130 ºC t = 90 min
Ethanol/water 60/40 v/vT = 130 ºC t = 90 min
KOH 7.5% w/w T = 60 ºC
t = 24 h
NaOH 15% w/wT = 120 ºC t = 90 min
FTIR and TGA analysis
BleachingNaClO2 (25 %
w/w)T = 75 ºC
t = 120 min
BleachingNaOH + H2O2 + DTPA +
MgSO4 T = 70 ºC
t = 150 min
Acetylation HNO3 (1/3) w/w
Acetic Acid (1/20) w/w
T= boilingt = 30 min
HydrolysisH2SO4 (8..5 mL /g)
T = 45 ºC t = 60 min
AFM and X-Ray
analysis
Procedure
COST Action FP1105 October 8-9 Trabzon, Turkey
Obtention Of Cellulose Nanofibers From Almond Shell Using Different Chemical Treatments. Eduardo Robles, Iñaki Urruzola, Rodrigo Llano-Ponte, Jalel Labidi.
Content
MethodExtracts
%
Moisture
%
Lignin
%
Almond shell 0.72 ± 0.02 10.76 ± 0.06 52.59 ± 0.14
Organosolv 5.28 ± 0.02 30.55 ± 0.06 43.21 ± 0.06
NaOH 15% 3.28 ± 0.02 19.03 ± 0.06 42.76 ± 0.06
KOH 7.5% 1.06 ± 0.02 0.435 ± 0.06 39.92 ± 0.06
NaOH 7.5% 1.35 ± 0.02 0.432 ± 0.06 35.34 ± 0.06
Formic acid 4.21 ± 0.02 2.16 ± 0.06 30.72 ± 0.06
Crystallinity
Pulp(%)
Acetylated + Hydrolyzed + Homogenized
(%)
72.29 -
75.73 80.57
69.35 76.95
62.51 78.23
69.13 79.79
56.77 78.69
Results
COST Action FP1105 October 8-9 Trabzon, Turkey
FT-IR spectra of the a) Almond shell, b) Organosolv, c) NaOH 15%, d) KOH, e) NaOH 7.5%, f) Formic acid.
3345 cm-1 OH stretching vibrations
2920 cm-1 CH3 group stretching vibrations
2860 cm-1 CH2 group stretching vibrations
1645 cm-1 absorbed water (bending)
1420 cm-1 CH2 bending
1215 cm-1 OH in plane-bending cellulose
1150 cm1 C-O antisymetric bridge stretching
890 cm-1 β-glycosidic linkages
Results
Obtention Of Cellulose Nanofibers From Almond Shell Using Different Chemical Treatments. Eduardo Robles, Iñaki Urruzola, Rodrigo Llano-Ponte, Jalel Labidi.
COST Action FP1105 October 8-9 Trabzon, Turkey
Different lignin elimination methods were performed to determine their effectiveness in almond shell. Sodium hydroxide at 7.5% v/v and formic acid treatments were the best in eliminating lignin as the amount of lignin present in almond shell was reduced 17 and 22 % respectively.
The different nature of the methods and their reactives influence in the properties of the final fiber, as change in crystallinity, lignin content and affinity to different compounds can be reached with these methods, then depending of the final use of the fiber, it can be chosen the most suitable method.
Obtention Of Cellulose Nanofibers From Almond Shell Using Different Chemical Treatments. Eduardo Robles, Iñaki Urruzola, Rodrigo Llano-Ponte, Jalel Labidi.
Conclusions
Obtention Of Cellulose Nanofibers From Almond Shell Using Different Chemical Treatments. Eduardo Robles, Iñaki Urruzola, Rodrigo Llano-Ponte, Jalel Labidi.
COST Action FP1105 October 8-9 Trabzon, Turkey
Author would also like to thank to CONACyT, Mexico for support provided through Scholarship 216178.
THANK YOU!