Innovating a sustainable energy future · 2017-05-16 · Taking wind to the next level Longer blade...
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Innovating a sustainable energy future Mark Little May 25, 2011
Transcript of Innovating a sustainable energy future · 2017-05-16 · Taking wind to the next level Longer blade...
Innovating a sustainable energy future
Mark LittleMay 25, 2011
Market-focused R&D
• First U.S. industrial lab
• Began 1900 in Schenectady, NY
• Founding principle … improve businesses through technology
• One of the world’s most diverse industrial labs
Cornerstone of GE’s commitment to technology
China Technology Center
3,000 technologists strong
Global Research CenterNiskayuna, NY
India Technology CenterBangalore, India
3EFRC Summit
May 2011© 2011, General Electric Company
China Technology Center Shanghai, China
Global Research EuropeMunich, Germany
Brazil Technology CenterRio de Janeiro, Brazil
Technical + service leadership
More products
Growadjacencies
Customersolutions
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Newmarket
Growmarkets
Grow $/customeror country
4EFRC Summit
May 2011
More products& services
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Coretechnology
Newtechnology
“Systems”
Coremarket
Investing more in energy on several fronts
Growmarkets
Growshare
Better products/services @ more price points
Build out global services footprint
Next gen advanced CCGT
Lead in Oil & Gas technology
Develop fuel flex GT
Build out drilling & production systems
Fill out Wind product line
Fill out aero & recip product lines
Launch IGCC & sequestration
Strengthen T&D product line
1 2 Launch & build adjacencies that leverage brand and distribution
Launched thin film solar
Avionics – integrated propulsion
HH ultrasound/portable devices
Waste heat recovery
Launch energy storage/batteries
Hybrid water heater
Launch diesel electric loco (HSR)
Business jet wins
Lead in molecular imaging
Propulsion adjacencies
China/India partnerships
Deep pipeline of innovation
5EFRC Summit
May 2011
Strengthen T&D product line
Next gen Energy loco (hybrid)
Launch global loco
Next gen narrow body leadership
DI market leadership in MR, CT, mammo
Build out life sciences segments
Industrial water re-use
Improve appliance features vs. LG
3 Drive systems thinking: problem solving on a bigger scale
Lead in Smart Grid
Lead in Rail IT
ecomagination
Build industrial verticals
Aviation Smart Services
Hospital performance solutions
Processing on seabed
Lead in healthcare IT
“Company to country”
healthymagination
Zero energy home/green appliances
Total plant services
Developing world-class talent
PhysicistsElectrical Engineers
Material
Computer Scientists
Sustainable EnergyAdvanced Propulsion
Energy Conversion
6EFRC Summit
May 2011© 2011, General Electric Company
Biologists
Innovation
Mathematicians
Material Scientists
Chemists
Mechanical Engineers
Molecular Medicine
Organic Electronics
Nanotechnology
Connecting with technology
State of Bavaria
Universities (300+)
Cancer diagnostics & therapies
SequestrationMonitoring
& Diagnostics
Companies
GE Global Research
Governments
7EFRC Summit
May 2011© 2011, General Electric Company
Diet impacts
Digital
pathology
Engines
Diesels
Subsea electrification
Energy and Healthcare VC’s
EVs
Global macro trends
Electricity demand … 2X by 2030
Population … 8 billion by 2030
8EFRC Summit
May 2011
Changing energy needs driving
more investment in technology
Environment … 40 countries have added renewable targets in last 5 yrs
Security … heightened energy concerns
GridCarbon Policy
Challenges on several fronts
9EFRC Summit
May 2011
• Technology is there
• Cost remains a barrier
• Increased peaking
• Wider grid fluctuation
• Lack of standards
• Global, disparate politics
Efficiency
Reliability
Emissio
ns
PerformanceDiversity
Coal
Gas
Wind
Solar
Geothermal
Coal
Gas
Wind
Solar
Geothermal +
A range of technologies are needed to resolve our energy challenges
10EFRC Summit
May 2011
Driving cost of electricity down
Efficiency
Reliability
Emissio
nsGeothermal
Biomass
Hydro
Oil
Nuclear
Geothermal
Biomass
Hydro
Oil
Nuclear
+
Affordable, reliable & environmentally responsible
Generation Generation
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Key growth drivers
Technology• Reliability & efficiency �
Cost• Wind: � 80% last 25 years• Solar: � 70% last 3 years
Policy• 85 countries have renewable
The renewables revolutionGlobal Wind & Solar PVannual installations(GWs)
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~70
~$150Bindustry
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© 2011 General Electric Company.
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• 85 countries have renewable portfolio targets
~4% penetration today … significant growth ahead
Wind
Solar PV 7.513
Source: Navigant Consulting & Greentech media
© 2011 General Electric Company.
1%more renewables =
• ~40,000more wind turbines
• ~600,000,000more solar modules
Opportunity …
Taking wind to the next level
Longer blade … New composite core with aero elastic design, for 8% power increase
Smaller Drivetrain … improved reliability with ~20% mass reduction for ~0.5% AEP increase
13EFRC Summit
May 2011
Driving cost leadership onshore, expanding offshore
Power electronics … 50% increase in power density, with ~0.5% reduction in losses
Model based control … ~1% AEP increase, 10% reduction in loads and expanded operation envelope
Driving solar R&D into business results
• Highest recorded thin film solar efficiencies
• 400MW U.S. solar factory announced
• New commercial agreements for 100MW+
Positioned for growth
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© 2011 General Electric Company.
Driving for grid parity
• New commercial agreements for 100MW+ of solar thin film products
• Announced acquisition of PrimeStar & Converteam
© 2011 General Electric Company. © 2011 General Electric Company.
GE R&D drives faster solar growth
• SiC diodes and switches
• Integrated controls and diagnostics
Power conversion
Materialscience
• Post-deposition chemical process
• Surface preparation and interfaces
OLEDs
Batteries
Laptop Ultrasound
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© 2011 General Electric Company.
Wind
Translating real science into product
• First principles device modeling
• Thin film deposition techniques
• Grain boundary characterization
• Thermo-mechanical structural modeling
Devicephysics
Semiconductorprocesses
Digital x-ray
Nano technology
OLEDs
Jet engines
Making renewable energy mainstream
Wind drivers
• Advanced turbine platforms
• Reliability/efficiency
+200GW
$0.25+
$0.10-0.15
$0.50+
$0.40
$0.25
$0.11-0.15
Cost$/w
unsubsidized
Wind
Lowest LCOE wins
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Technology key to promoting widespread adoption
Solar drivers
• Thin Film technology
• Reliability/efficiency
$0.05- 0.10
$0.04- 0.08InstallsGW
Solar
• 44% simple cycle efficiency
• Flexible gas turbine
Aeroderivative gas turbineGE LMS100®
17EFRC Summit
May 2011
• Flexible gas turbine
– High part load efficiency
– 10 minute start
– High ramping capability
• Technology to enable more wind and solar power on the grid
Back-up power for renewables
Conventional energy resources
• Will be with us for many decades to come
• New sources being discovered … large reserves already
18EFRC Summit
May 2011
reserves already identified
• Opportunities to increase efficiency, improve energy security and reduce carbon
• Converts coal to synthesis gas… cleans prior to burning
- 90% carbon capture capability
- 33% less NOx, 75% less SOx, 40% less PM10
Coal gasification
19EFRC Summit
May 2011
40% less PM10
- 30% less water, superior Hg removal
• Higher CoE & sequestration regulations must be addressed
Large domestic supply, can address energy security needs
Subsea technology … pipeline for new oil production
• Move oil processing from the surface to the seabed floor
• Double amount of recoverable oil from 35% to
20EFRC Summit
May 2011
Seafloor processing
recoverable oil from 35% to 70% in existing wells … access new, untapped reserves
• Driving remote, monitoring & diagnostic (RM&D) technologies for increased safety and reliability
GE “Pulse” technology
• New core enables shift
constant volume combustion
•Pulsed detonation results in
greater fuel efficiency with same 64%
21EFRC Summit
May 2011
greater fuel efficiency with same
power
• Quantum change in efficiency
56%
58%
60%
62%
10 15 20 25 30
Compressor PR
CC Efficiency
With constant volume combustion
(future)
With constant pressure
combustion (today)
Redefining turbine efficiency
Advanced CombustionAdvanced premixing, axial fuel staging
3-D Compressor Aero
22EFRC Summit
May 2011
Ceramic Matrix Composites+300°F temperature capability vs. superalloys
Advanced Cooling & Sealing
Micro-poreMicro-pore Pulse & Fluidic Film
ConformingAbradable
Thermal
Barrier
Coatings
Temperature
Capability
3000°F
1980s 1990s 2000s 2010s
Porous
DVC
2000°F
Coated CMCs
Thermal
Barrier
Coatings
Thermal
Barrier
Coatings
Temperature
Capability
3000°F
1980s 1990s 2000s 2010s
PorousPorous
DVCDVC
2000°F
Coated CMCsCoated CMCs
Advanced Thermal Coatings
Path toward 65% combined cycle efficiency
Solid Oxide Fuel Cells
Gas Tur
bine
SOFC Gas Turbine Hybrid
GT CC
STSolid Ox
ide Fuel Cell (SOF
C)
PEM Fuel Cell
• 70% efficiency potential
• Large or small scale
• Integrates well into
23EFRC Summit
May 2011
Gamechanger for efficiency
Gas Tur
bine
PEM Fuel Cell• Integrates well into
CO2 capture schemes
• Challenges … reliability and cost
Carbon capture & sequestration
• Pre- and post- combustion approaches
• Advanced nano membranes for IGCC … reduce energy penalty
24EFRC Summit
May 2011
• Novel solvents … e.g. CO2
scrubber: same active ingredient as hair conditioner
– Fits behind coal boilers & gas turbines
Driving a more cost-effective approach
Gas turbine fuel flexibility
Increasing fuel prices/volatility driving substitution for conventional fuels• Syngas from coal and/or biomass
• “Opportunity fuels”– Landfill gas, methane from coal mines,
blast furnace gas
• Ethanol, biodiesel, coal-to-liquids,gas-to-liquids
25EFRC Summit
May 2011
Key challenges … fuel specific• Hydrogen
– Low ignition energy, low density, high flame temperatures
• Liquid fuels from coal or heavy oils– Contaminants � turbine damage
• Opportunity fuels– Uncertain composition
Jenbacher is fuel flexibility
Island ModeIsland Mode
Landfill GasLandfill Gas
Sewage GasSewage Gas
Associated GasAssociated Gas
Coal Mine GasCoal Mine Gas
Special GasSpecial Gas
BiogasBiogasGreenhouse CHPGreenhouse CHP
Combined Heat & Power (CHP)Combined Heat & Power (CHP)
Waste heat recovery
Engines & Gas TurbinesGeothermal
ConventionalGE Technology
New Technology ... Heat Recovery Program Focus
100°C 200°C 400°C 500°C 600°C
Conventional Steam Cycles
Advanced Heat Recovery Technologies
300°C
Industrial Large GTSolar
27EFRC Summit
May 2011
Jenbacher Engines• Heat recovery adds ~10% power
• ~4%-pts higher efficiency
Geothermal & Solar
• 100 GW geothermal potential (MIT)*
• 200 GW solar potential*
Industrial Waste Heat• 900+ T BTU heat wasted (210-400°F)*
• $6 B/yr energy wastes*
• Heat recovery adds ~15% power
• ~6%-pts higher efficiency
Aero Gas Turbines
(* US only)
Delivery Delivery
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Enables …
The grid of the future
29EFRC Summit
May 2011
Consumer empowerment
More renewables
Energy efficiency
GE’s Smart Grid Portfolio
30EFRC Summit
May 2011
Energy Storage … value assessment
31EFRC Summit
May 2011
• Value will improve as cost is reduced• Flexible generation & demand response viable alternatives • Utility applications emerging … frequency regulation and T&D
deferral• Smart EV charging to reduce CO2 footprint
Source: Manz, Keller, Miller, “Value Propositions for Utility-scale Energy storage” 2011 IEEE PSCE
Energy storage
$160 million investment, creating $1B energy storage business for GE
High energy density battery for energy sector and transportation … rail, marine, road, mining
Near term… advanced batteries
32EFRC Summit
May 2011
mining
Ideal for back-up power and telecom, Future solution for renewables firming, load leveling
Tomorrow … diverse sources
Capacitors
Flywheels
Compressed air
Thermal
Chemical energy
• Key focus areas: Electrocatalysis, transport phenomena and materials
• Could enable storage applications with 2x – 3x higher energy density
• Will support high penetration of
Novel fuel cell / flow batteryenergy storage system
GE’s EFRC for advanced energy storage
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renewables & long range EVs … carbon-free
• Partners: DOE, Berkeley Lab, Yale, Stanford
Safer, uses existing infrastructure
Transforming fundamental research into long-term energy storage solutions
EndEnd--useuse
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Optimizing demand response and efficiency opportunities …
Home energy management
35EFRC Summit
May 2011
Smart meters Home energy manager Smart appliances & lighting, EV charging
• Two-way dialogue between utility and homes
• Control appliances, track energy improvements remotely
• Demand response ready• Higher efficiency
Paving the way for EVs Answering critical questions …
• Grid integration
• Home and building energy optimization
• Depot or parking lot charging
Collecting data … installing EVSEs
• EV Experience Centers
36EFRC Summit
May 2011
• Universities and colleges
• Global Research campus
Building models and system solutions
• Distribution grid simulations
• Intelligent charging algorithms
• Depot control systems
How to manage a new and substantial load
The path to a cleaner, sustainable energy future …
37EFRC Summit
May 2011
Cleaner, more efficient power generation
More efficient, reliable power delivery
Lessening energy demand
… is being driven by technology
Join the conversation
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