Harmonising greenhouse gas emissions inventories with energy statistics:
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International Energy Agency © OECD/IEA, 2008 Harmonising greenhouse gas emissions inventories with energy statistics: The work of the IEA with the IPCC Brussels, 30 September 2008 London Group on Environmental and Economic Accounting TREANTON Karen IEA Energy Statistics Division Head of Energy Balances, Prices and Emissions Section 13 th meeting
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Harmonising greenhouse gas emissions inventories with energy statistics: The work of the IEA with the IPCC Brussels, 30 September 2008. London Group on Environmental and Economic Accounting. TREANTON Karen IEA Energy Statistics Division Head of Energy Balances, Prices and Emissions Section. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Transcript of Harmonising greenhouse gas emissions inventories with energy statistics:
International Energy Agency
© OECD/IEA, 2008
Harmonising greenhouse gas emissions inventories with
energy statistics:
The work of the IEA with the IPCC
Brussels, 30 September 2008
London Group on Environmental and
Economic Accounting
TREANTON Karen
IEA Energy Statistics Division
Head of Energy Balances, Prices and Emissions Section
13th meeting
MEDSTAT II Lot 2 Euro-Mediterranean Statistical Co-operation
© OECD/IEA, 2008
Development of the inventory methodologies
> 1991: IPCC/OECD/IEA GHG Inventories programme started
> 1995: IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories
> 1996: Revised 1996 IPCC Guidelines
> 2000: Good Practice Guidance and Uncertainty Management in National Greenhouse Gas Inventories
> 2006: 2006 IPCC Guidelines
MEDSTAT II Lot 2 Euro-Mediterranean Statistical Co-operation
© OECD/IEA, 2008
Waste3%
Agriculture8%
Industrial processes
7%
Energy 82%
N2O 1%
CO2 94%
CH4 5%
Share of energy in GHG emissions in 2005
in Annex I countries
Source: UNFCCC; LULUCF is excluded and solvent use is included in industrial processes
MEDSTAT II Lot 2 Euro-Mediterranean Statistical Co-operation
© OECD/IEA, 2008
Supply of fuels to the country
Reference Approach
Consumption by end-use sectors
Sectoral Approach
Basic computation for CO2 emissions:
•CO2 emissions by product: Fuel Quantity * Emission Factor
(with corrections for stored and unoxidised carbon)•Sum over all different products
Can be done from two independent sets of data:
IPCC methodology relies heavily on energy data
MEDSTAT II Lot 2 Euro-Mediterranean Statistical Co-operation
© OECD/IEA, 2008
Most products / flows are the same
2006 IPCC Guidelines IEA questionnaires
a lot of effort went in to ensuring that the products and flows were
as similar as possible
MEDSTAT II Lot 2 Euro-Mediterranean Statistical Co-operation
© OECD/IEA, 2008
Products added to IEA questionnaires
Anthracite Coal Tar
MEDSTAT II Lot 2 Euro-Mediterranean Statistical Co-operation
© OECD/IEA, 2008
IEA changed the reporting of some flows
1A5 Non-Specified
All remaining emissions from fuel combustion that are not specified
elsewhere. Include emissions from fuel delivered to the military in the country and delivered to the military of other
countries that are not engaged in multilateral operations.
> To harmonise with the IPCC:Moved military fuel use out of international marine bunkers and out of domestic aviation. This consumption is now included in Other sector – Not elsewhere specified.
> To rationalise definitions:Renamed “inland waterways, coastal shipping” to be “domestic navigation”. International navigation on inland waterways or coastal waters are now included with international marine bunkers
MEDSTAT II Lot 2 Euro-Mediterranean Statistical Co-operation
© OECD/IEA, 2008
Terminology changes coordinated
Main Activity Electricity and Heat
Production
MEDSTAT II Lot 2 Euro-Mediterranean Statistical Co-operation
© OECD/IEA, 2008
Flow definitions defined jointly
Fishing (mobile combustion)
Emissions from fuels combusted for inland, coastal and deep-sea fishing. Fishing should cover vessels of all flags that have refueled in
the country (include international fishing).
MEDSTAT II Lot 2 Euro-Mediterranean Statistical Co-operation
© OECD/IEA, 2008
Harmonisation is not always easy
> Differences remain in the level of detail collected: both in products and in flows
> Sometimes definitions diverged at the last minute...
> Some definitions are different for a reason
> Default net calorific values diverged in later editions
MEDSTAT II Lot 2 Euro-Mediterranean Statistical Co-operation
© OECD/IEA, 2008
Orimulsion
Shale Oil
2006 IPCC Guidelines: some differences remain
in the IEA oil questionnaire the
supply of orimulsion is in “other
hydrocarbons” and the consumption is
in bitumen
in the IEA oil questionnaire shale
oil is in “other hydrocarbons”
MEDSTAT II Lot 2 Euro-Mediterranean Statistical Co-operation
© OECD/IEA, 2008
Sometimes definitions diverge at the last minute...
International water- borne navigation
(International bunkers)Text added by IPCC at the last minute:
Emissions from international military water-borne navigation can be included as a separate sub-category of international
water-borne navigation provided that the same definitional distinction is applied and data are available to support the definition.
Common definition:
Emissions from fuels used by vessels of all flags that are engaged in international
water-borne navigation. The international navigation may take place at sea, on inland lakes and waterways and in coastal waters.
Includes emissions from journeys that depart in one country and arrive in a
different country.
MEDSTAT II Lot 2 Euro-Mediterranean Statistical Co-operation
© OECD/IEA, 2008
Some definitions are different for a reason
Main Activity Electricity and Heat Production
> The IPCC assigns autoproducers to the sector where the electricity and heat were generated
> The IEA includes autoproducers as a separate item in the transformation sector: with an exception for heat, it receives a similar treatment to main activity producers
MEDSTAT II Lot 2 Euro-Mediterranean Statistical Co-operation
© OECD/IEA, 2008
IEA provided default NCVs to the IPCC
Source: OECD/IEA, 1996a.
Revised 1996 IPCC Guidelines
MEDSTAT II Lot 2 Euro-Mediterranean Statistical Co-operation
© OECD/IEA, 2008
Values diverged in later editions
2006 IPCC Guidelines
IEA Energy Balances
Europe
North America
Pacific
lower and upper confidence intervals
> New IPCC values based on Annex I Party submissions, the IPCC emission factor database and the IEA database
> New IEA values based on country submissions through the annual questionnaire process and consultations with Eurostat and fuel experts
MEDSTAT II Lot 2 Euro-Mediterranean Statistical Co-operation
© OECD/IEA, 2008
> Better understanding of our own definitions and those of other organisations
> Not always easy to agree on definitions
> Sometimes definitions are different for a reason and these differences need to remain
> If the definitions and methodologies are transparent, it is possible to “bridge” the gap using assumptions (which should also be transparent)
What have we learned through harmonisation?
MEDSTAT II Lot 2 Euro-Mediterranean Statistical Co-operation
© OECD/IEA, 2008
Working with users also benefit data providers
52
57
62
67
72
77
1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006
Total CO2 emissions - Sectoral Approach Total CO2 emissions - Reference ApproachUNFCCC database
Austria: Reference vs Sectoral Approach
UNFCCC: energy data comparison for S&A report and country reviews
IEA emission comparisons
100
105
110
115
120
125
130
135
1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006
Total CO2 emissions - Sectoral Approach Total CO2 emissions - Reference ApproachUNFCCC database
Belgium: Reference vs Sectoral Approach
