Greenhouse Gas Emission Seminar 2015

Gases in the atmosphere that

absorb and emit radiation Some greenhouse gases

by natural

Some greenhouse gases

by industrial processes

• Carbon dioxide CO2

• Methane CH4

• Nitrous oxide NO2

• Hydrofluorocarbons HFCs

• Perfluorocarbons PFCs

• Sulphur hexafluoride SF6

Recommendation:

Measure emissions from the six GHGs covered by the Kyoto

Protocol where relevant for your organisation

酒店業及飲食業節約用水研討會

CO2

CH4

N2O

HFCS

SF6

PFCS

6 Greenhouse Gas

Carbon footprint - The amount of

greenhouse gases emitted that your organisation is responsible

for, expressed in units of

Carbon Dioxide equivalent (CO2e)

Usually in tonnes emitted annually

GHG Reporting

Guidelines to

Account for and

Report on

Greenhouse Gas

Emissions &

Removal for

Building

GHG Reporting Steps

1. Identify the Boundary

2. Identify all Emission Sources

3. Data Collection

4. Application the Calculation

5. Finding the Deduction

6. Summary and Conclusion the Result

Areas and Locations

Excluded areas

Establish the boundary of the carbon footprint

Establish which emissions sources occur

within this boundary

Split the emissions sources into scopes

Take out Area / Location not Including the Boundary

Minimum information to be reported 1. Direct (scope 1), Indirect (scope 2) &

Indirect (Scope 3 – Optional ) = total 2. Emissions for 6 GHGs 3. Current and baseline year comparison 4. Significant changes since base year 5. Methodologies for calculation/

measurement

Carbon Footprint

Scope 1: Direct

Emissions

Scope 2: Indirect

Emissions (Purchased

energy)

Scope 3: Other

Indirect Emissions

June 2, 2009

Remember: there are three levels (scopes) to a

green house gas/carbon footprint calculation. 11

Building Emission Sources Emission scope

Common and Public Area

Electricity 2 + 3

Water 3

Refrigerant for Chiller 1

Transportation 3

Kitchen Gas 1 + 3

Electricity 2 + 3

Water 3

Refrigerant for Chiller 1

Food waste 3

Food purchasing 3

Other (all) Staff Transportation 3

Combustion Sources

e.g. Cooking & Boiler

Electric generation

e.g. Generator

CFC and HFC

e.g. refrigerant

Sulfur hexafluoride

e.g. Electricity Transformer June 2, 2009

Emissions from

consumption of

purchased utilities:

Electricity

Gas

Water

14

Transportation of

material and guest

Employee

transportation

Air flight travelling

Vegetation & Trees

June 2, 2009 15

Example – GHG Table 1

All Above Data for Reference Only

Case Study Special Emission Factor

Diethylene Glycol (Gel Fuel)’s emission factor will be

Chemical Formula (After burning) : C4H10O3 + 5O2 4CO2 + 5H2O

Emission Factor : 4*44/(12*4+10+16*3) = 1.66kg/kg

Acetylene emission factor will be

Chemical Formula (After burning) : 2C2H2 + 5O2 4CO2 + 2H2O

Emission Factor : 2*44/26 = 3.385kg/kg

Case Study Data Verification

LPG gas container volume shall be certified by supplier.

Case Study Data Verification

WD40 - CO2 emission shall be followed by supplier’s MSDS 1-5%

content. Assumption is made at 3%.

Fire Extinguisher CO2 content voulme shall be followed by data

indicated in fire extinguisher cylinder.

Case Study Data Verification Beer and Soft Drink CO2 content voulme shall be

verified on the cylinder or writen confirmation by

the manufacturer.

Case Study Emission Factors from Utilities & Government Departments • Towngas Annual Report

• CLP Sustainability Report

• HEC Sustainability Report

• WSD Annual Report

• DSD Sustainability Report

Collection of Consumption Data for GHG Table 5, 6, 8 & 9: • Billing period not exactly cover whole month from 1 to 31

• Daily metering record would be served as reference

• To predict the consumption on proportional method

• Data and record should be verified by an appropriate Third Party

e.g. Verified by an qualified internal auditor

Case Study Information Difference Between Purchase Order & Delivery Note For Example:

• Paper purchase order is 70gsm

• Sometime the supplier delivery more than 70gsm without extra cost for

value added

• Close monitoring supplier to delivery the actual weight of paper to match

the order.

Paper Recycle More Than Paper Storage & Paper Purchased • If it is the case the final indirect emission will then be negative (-ve)

• However, negative is not allowable, so ‘0’ will be inputed in the report.

Table 7: Methane Generation at Landfill in Hong Kong due to Disposal of Paper Waste

Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 Step 5 Step 6 Step 7

A B C D E F G

Source description (i.e Area / floor)

Amount of paper in storage at the begining of the reporting period

(kg)

Amount of paper purchased during

the reporting period(kg)

Amount of paper collected for

recycling during the reporting period (kg)

Amount of paper in storage at the end

of the reporting period (kg)

Emission factor (kg CO2-e / kg of waste) Note

Indirect emissions in tonnes of CO2

equivalent ((B + C - D- E ) x F / 1000)

A4 Letter Head Paper 0 232 0 0 4.8 1.1136

Envelope 0 224 0 0 4.8 1.0752A4/A3 Paper 0 4444 6891 0 4.8 -12.1776

Total 0

By calculation

-9.9888 toones of CO2e


Note:

Emission factor of GHG emissions due to electricity used for processing fresh water = Unit electricity

consumption of fresh water (from WSD) x Territory-wide default value (i.e. 0.7kg / kWh) of purchased electricity provided in

Table 5.

In case that the unit electricity consumption for processing fresh water for the reporting period is not available at the time

of accounting, the latest emission factor from table below may be used as an approximation.


Case Study Guestroom Water Consumption & Kitchen Water Consumption • Water consumption at common area and kitchen area shall be

separated.

• Emission factor calculation for both consumptions are difference.

• Data must be taken by manual.

• The record data shall be verified by third party.

Note: The default emission factor is determined according to the purpose of water used as follows:

Source description Default Emission Factor (kg / m3)

Restaurants and catering services (0.7 x Emission Factor) assuming 70% of the fresh

water consumed will enter the sewage system.

Other commercial, residential and institutional

purposes(1.0 x Emission Factor) assuming 100% of the

fresh water consumed will enter the sewage system.

Example – GHG Table Summary


Web Site:

http://www.theclimateregistry.org/downloads/2012/01/2012-Climate-

Registry-Default-Emissions-Factors.pdf

http://www.theclimateregistry.org/downloads/2012/01/2012-Climate-Registry-Default-Emissions-Factors.pdf












Web Link:

http://www6.cityu.edu.hk/aerc/cft/booklet/Guidelines%20E.pdf

http://www6.cityu.edu.hk/aerc/cft/booklet/Guidelines E.pdf




Scope 1 : Direct Emission (GHG Table 1 ~ 4)

Stop all pilot fire at gas cooking range when not cooking

Adjust hot water supply temperature

Select no HFC & PFC refrigerant air-conditioner

Select electric car

Planting Trees

Scope 2: Indirect Emission (GHG Table 5~6)

Select ECO product for energy saving

Use heat pump chiller

Use motion sensor to control lighting at

plant room and corridor

Use LED lamp

Add solar energy / wind energy equipment

Scope 3: Other Emission (GHG Table 7 ~ 9)

Encourage paperless office

Use re-cycle paper

Use water saving devices

Store rainwater for cleaning and irrigation

Stop receive advertisement leaflet

38

THANK YOU VERY MUCH！

Greenhouse Gas Emission Seminar 2015

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