PowerPoint Presentation

CUBISM

CUBISM A NEW WAY OF SEEING Cubism was invented around 1907 in Paris by Pablo Picasso and Georges Braque.

Cubism was the first abstract art style.

A Cubist painting ignores the traditions of perspective drawing and shows you many views of a subject at one time.

Violin and candlestickBy GEORGES BRAQUE The Cubists introduced collage into painting.

The Cubists were influenced by art from other cultures, particularly African masks.

There are two distinct phases of the Cubist Style: Analytical Cubism (pre 1912) and Synthetic Cubism (post 1912)

CONCEPTION AND ORIGINS Roots of cubism are to be found in the two distinct tendencies of Paul Cezanne later work.

Firstly to break the painted surface into small multifaceted areas of paint, thereby emphasizing the plural viewpoint given by binocular vision.

Secondly interest in the simplification of natural forms into cylinders, spheres, and cones.

CHARACTERISTICS OF THIS MOVEMENT In cubist artworks, objects are broken up, analyzed, and re-assembled in an abstracted form.Instead of depicting objects from one viewpoint, the artist depicts the subject from a multitude of viewpoints to represent the subject in a greater context. Often the surfaces intersect at seemingly random angles, removing a coherent sense of depth.

The background and object planes interpenetrate one another to create the shallow ambiguous space, one of cubism's distinct characteristics.

IMPORTANT ARTISTS Pablo PicassoJaun GrisGeorges BraqueFernand LegarFrancis PicabiaJacques LipchitzJean Metzinger

ANALYTIC CUBISM It was developed between 1908 and 1912

Analytic cubists "analyzed" natural forms and reduced the forms into basic geometric parts on the two-dimensional picture plane.

Color was almost non-existent except for the use of a monochromatic scheme that often included grey, blue and ochre.

Analytic cubists focused on forms like the cylinder, sphere and the cone to represent the natural world.

SYNTHETIC CUBISMSynthetic Cubism was the second main branch of Cubism developed by Picasso, Braque, Juan Gris and others between 1912 and 1919

It was seen as the first time that collage had been made as a fine art work. Analytic cubism was an analysis of the subjects (pulling them apart into planes), synthetic cubism is more of a pushing of several objects together.

Opposed to analytic cubism, synthetic cubism has fewer planar shifts (or schematic), and less shading, creating flatter space.

ARCHITECTSJosef ChocholJosef GocarPavel JanakLe corbousierPeter BehrensJosef HoffmanWalter Groupius

CUBISM AND ARCHITECTUREArchitectural interest in Cubism centered on the dissolution and reconstitution of three-dimensional form, using simple geometric shapes.

Diverse elements could be superimposed, made transparent or penetrate one another, while retaining their spatial relationships.LE CORBUISIERHe was a Swiss-born architect, designer, urbanist, writer and also painter. His career spanned 8 decades, with his buildings constructed throughout central Europe, India, Russia, and one each in North and South America.

He gave five points of architecture, which were

The pilotis, or ground-level supporting columns, which elevate the building.

2) A flat terrace garden

3) The free plan, made possible by the elimination of load-bearing walls .

4) Continuous strip windows

5) The freely-designed facade, unconstrained by load-bearing considerations

VILLA SAVOYESituated at Poissy, outside of Paris.The pilotis, or ground-level supporting columns, elevate the building from the damp earth allowing the garden to flow beneath.

A flat roof terrace reclaims the area of the building site for domestic purposes, including a garden area.

The free plan, made possible by the elimination of load-bearing walls, consists of partitions placed where they are needed without regard for those on adjoining levels.

Horizontal windows provide even illumination and ventilation.

The freely-designed facade, unconstrained by load-bearing considerations, consists of a thin skin of wall and windows. PETER BEHRENSPeter Behrens was born in Hamburg in 1868, originally trained as a painter.

He was one of the leaders of architectural reform at the turn of the century and was a major designer of factories and office buildings in brick, steel and glass.

AEG FACTORYlocation-Berlinyear-1910material used: steel and glass

JOSEF HOFFMANJosef Hoffmann was an Austrian architect and designer of consumer goods.

Hoffmann studied at the Higher State Crafts School in Brno.

STOCLET PALACELocation Brussels, Belgium

Year 1911

Four green figures at top by sculptures,& other craft work inside the building.

It contain commissioned paintings by Gustav Klimt in dinning room.

Marble clad facade.

WALTER GROUPIUS He was a German architect and founder of Bauhaus who along with Marcel Breuer, Ludwig Mies van der Rohe and Le Corbusier, is widely regarded as one of the pioneering masters of modern architecture.