14.3 OCEAN’S RESOURCES 14.4 OCEAN LIFE Hydrosphere.
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Transcript of 14.3 OCEAN’S RESOURCES 14.4 OCEAN LIFE Hydrosphere.
Learning Targets
1. Describe the seafloor2. List the living and non-living
resources that people use from the seafloor
3. Describe the different types of ocean organisms
4. Describe the interactions among different ocean organisms
Seafloor
1. No light2. High pressure3. Low temperature4. Mapped using SONAR
a) Sound Navigation and Ranging
Ocean Topography
1. Trenchesa) Caused by subductionb) 10,000+ meters
2. Mid-ocean ridgea) Caused by divergent boundariesb) 80,000 km longc) 1,000-3,000 meters tall
3. Abyssal plaina) 40% of seafloorb) Smooth, flat areas
Ocean Resources
Living Resources:
1. Bottom trawling – method of fishing, towing weighted net on seafloor
2. Seafooda) Primary food for millions of people
Ocean Resources
Non-living Resources:
1. Oil and gasa) Likely holds most of earth’s fossil fuels
2. Mineral nodulesa) Spherical mineral deposits on the
ocean bottom
Plankton
1. Microscopic2. Drifting = Greek word for
“wanderer”3. Basis for the entire food chain4. Phytoplankton
a) Photosynthesizing microorganisms
5. Zooplanktona) Eggs, microorganisms, juvenile
animals, jellyfish
Plants and Algae
1. Vary in sizea) Microscopic to many meters long
2. Produce most of the atmospheric oxygen
3. Photosynthesize Photic zone
Invertebrates
1. Animals without a backbone
2. Crabs, lobsters, snails, sponges, squid, octopi, starfish, many more
3. Live in all parts of the ocean
Reptiles
1. Breathe air
2. Crocodiles, water snakes, turtles, marine iguanas
3. Many have terrestrial portions of their lifecycle
Seabirds
1. May swim and/or fly
2. Penguins, gulls, kestrels, pelicans
3. May migrate thousands of miles
Marine Mammals
1. Warm-blooded, milk producing2. Very similar to humans3. Evolved from land animals4. Cetaceans (whales),
sirenians(manatee), pinnepeds(seals), mustelids(otters), polar bears