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Confined Space Entry

1. Confined Space Entry

1.1 L_D_Slide

Notes:

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2. Purpose

2.1 Introduction

Notes:


2.2 Purpose

Notes:

This Module covers the identification of confined spaces and the recognition, evaluation and controls of the hazards associated with confined spaces.

Consideration will be given to standard job procedures and the Regulations as prescribed in the Occupational Health and Safety Act (OHSA).

Completion of this module does not qualify you for Confined space entry.

Once you have completed this module, you will need to contact your supervisor to complete the training requirements for your area.


Pause Timeline (Slide Layer)

2.3 Purpose

Notes:

At the end of this module you will be able to:

Recognize and Control Confined Space Hazards;



Describe the Responsibilities of the:

Supervisor

Entry personnel

Attendant

Accurately complete in a Confined Space Entry Permit and

Understand how to perform Air Quality Monitoring

The goal of this module is to eliminate accidents caused by not following proper Confined Space Entry procedures.

Its success depends on your safe use of work practices.

3. Hazard Recognition

3.1 Confined Space Entry Hazard Recognition

Notes:


3.2 Introduction

Notes:

In Module 1 Confined Space Awareness, we learned that confined space hazards are generally grouped into two categories;

Atmospheric hazards and

Physical hazards.


3.3 Atmospheric Hazards

Notes:

Atmospheric Hazards

Atmospheric hazards that may exist in a confined space include the risk of;

the accumulation of flammable, combustible or explosive agents

an oxygen content in the atmosphere that is less than 19.5 per cent or more than 23 per cent by volume, or

the accumulation of atmospheric contaminants, including gases, vapours, fumes, dusts or mists, that could,

- result in acute health effects that pose an immediate threat to life, or

- interfere with a person's ability to escape unaided from a confined space;


3.4 Oxygen Deficient Atmosphere

Notes:

Oxygen Deficient Atmosphere

If the oxygen content falls below 19.5 per cent, the atmosphere is oxygen deficient and asphyxiation could occur.

Most deaths related to atmospheric hazards are caused by asphyxiation (unconsciousness or death from lack of oxygen) due to poor ventilation of the confined space.

Over 50 percent of all confined space fatalities are the result of oxygen deficiency.


3.5 Oxygen Enriched Atmosphere

Notes:

Oxygen Enriched Atmosphere

If the oxygen content is greater than 23 per cent, the atmosphere is oxygen enriched and could cause combustible gases, vapours or materials to explode or catch fire if an ignition source is present.

There is also a danger of combustible mixtures being formed with some fuels and solvents. Sparks may cause ignition of these substances.


3.6 Oxygen Enriched Atmosphere

Notes:

Oxygen Enriched Atmosphere

An ignition source could also include sparks from welding, cutting or grinding. Sparks could also result from failure to use explosion-proof lighting, non-sparking tools or explosion-proof fans.

If combustibles are over 5 per cent of the Lower Explosive Limit (LEL), the confined space is not safe for entry.

(We will discuss the measurement of combustibles later in this module under Air Quality Testing).


3.7 Toxic Gases, Fumes and Vapours

Notes:

Gases, Vapours, Fumes, Dust and Mist

The most common toxic gases in confined spaces are carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrogen sulphide (H2S).

Other air contaminants may include carbon dioxide, sulphur dioxide, natural gas, solvents, paint, gasoline fumes, liquids and dusts.

Inhaling hazardous gases,vapours, fumes or mist is one of the leading causes of deaths in confined spaces.


3.8 Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health (IDLH)

Notes:

Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health (IDLH)

Any other atmospheric hazard that is immediately dangerous to life or health (IDLH) is a hazard.

The Canadian Standards Association (CSA) defines IDLH as a condition in any worksite, space or area where a hazardous atmosphere exists to such an extent that a person without appropriate respiratory protection could be fatally injured or suffer immediate, irreversible or incapacitating health effects.

All confined spaces must be considered IDLH unless proven otherwise.


3.9 Physical Hazards

Notes:

Physical Hazards

In addition to atmospheric hazards, there are a number of physical hazards associated with confined spaces.

Physical hazards that may exist in a confined space include;

Mechanical, Electrical, and Pressure Hazards

Hazardous Chemicals

Work Activity

Engulfment

External Hazards

Other Hazards

In fact, various confined space studies have shown that more than one third of all fatalities are caused by hazards that have nothing to do with the atmosphere.


3.10 Mechanical, Electrical, and Pressure Hazards

Notes:


Confined spaces that have equipment with mechanical moving parts pose a serious hazard.

They must be isolated, locked, tagged and de-energized prior to commencing any work.



Notes:


Electrocution can occur in a confined space when a worker or the equipment they are using comes in contact with electrical energy that has not been isolated.

Defective extension cords, welding cables or other electrical equipment pose a threat of electrocution.



Notes:


Hazards can also be present with water, steam, hydraulic and pneumatic systems.

The contents of pipes and supply lines can create life-threatening situations if allowed to enter the confined space.


3.13 Hazardous Chemicals

Notes:

Hazardous Chemicals

Hazardous chemicals may be present in a confined space or may be introduced into the space through pipes, valves or supply lines that have not been blanked off.

Examples of hazardous chemicals include various types of acids, slurry or solutions.

Material Safety Data Sheets for controlled products of the confined space. - Removed...JJ Aug 24_15

Always refer to the Material Safety Data Sheets for any inherent or introduced hazards of the confined space for information on the use, storage, handling and emergency procedures all related to the hazards of the material.


3.14 Work Activity

Notes:

Work Activity

Work activities can sometimes create hazards in a confined space. Hot work activities, such as welding, can set fire to any combustible materials present.

Other hot work jobs that can provide an ignition source include burning, cutting and grinding, to name a few.


3.15 Engulfment

Notes:

Engulfment

Engulfment happens when a person becomes trapped by material such as grains, sawdust or sand in the confined space as it shifts or gives way.


3.16 Engulfment

Notes:

Engulfment

Consider the following true story:

A build-up of compacted limestone had accumulated on the walls and cone inside a storage bin.

The bin vibrator was activated in an effort to dislodge this material.

When this attempt failed, the mill workers entered the bin without wearing the proper safety harness.

After they had removed a portion of the build-up of limestone with picks and shovels, the remaining material collapsed and completely buried one of the workers and he suffocated to death.

The other worker was rescued after being engulfed up to his neck.


3.17 External Hazards

Notes:

External Hazards

While all the proper procedures may have been done to make the confined space you are working in safe, there may be external hazards that could still affect your safety.

For example, motor vehicles or mobile equipment may park close to the confined space and leave their motor idling.

There may be machinery, equipment or other vessels adjacent to or above your confined space.

These could malfunction and cause leaks or spills into the confined space in which you are working.

Fly-out Text



From a recent SAP IM report from Coleman Mine.

While lineman where working inside of the Coleman Out Door Substation, electricians were working inside and in the crawl space of the E House, which is beside the substation.

The lineman were using their line truck to remove the old tower from the substation. The line truck was parked on top of a cement duct work structure which leads into the E house and crawl space.

The line trucks engine was running and the trucks exhaust pipe which is located underneath the truck caused exhaust fumes to fill the cement duct work and subsequently filled the E house crawl space and the E house itself with exhaust fumes causing the electricians to leave their work area.

CARE: When you see others working in the same area as you or work group are working in - STOP - take a few minutes to orientate each other with your jobs and work plans. Establish an understanding of how both groups can execute their work, while ensuring that every employee gets HomeSafe.

PLAN: Planning all work with risk assessment is key to achieving zero harm. Planning and scheduling routines provide the opportunity to identify and adjust for any potential conflicts in execution of tasks or to identify how one scope of work may have an impact on the tasks required to be completed by others.

ACCEPT: Before any work is performed in a confined space an assessment is required, even if the space is already acknowledged to be a confined space.

LEAD: Be the person in the group that starts the ‘in the field’ risk management conversation. Although we can all be leaders, we also all

Marker Voice Over (Slide Layer)

3.18 Other Hazards

Notes:

Other Hazards

Other hazards related to confined space activities include heat stress, burns, falls, exposure to excessive noise or hazards associated with the design and


construction of the confined space.

For example, confined spaces with walls that slope inward may have a higher concentration of a hazard at the bottom of the space where the walls are closer together.

It is important to identify and evaluate all potential hazards and follow the necessary precautions to eliminate or control these hazards.

3.19 Feedback Question 1

(Multiple Choice, 10 points, 1 attempt permitted)

Correct Choice

X True

False

Notes:


If the oxygen content is greater than 23 percent, the atmosphere is oxygen enriched and could cause combustible gases, vapours or materials to explode or catch fire if an ignition source is present.

Correct (Slide Layer)

Incorrect (Slide Layer)



(Multiple Response, 10 points, unlimited attempts permitted)

Correct Choice

X Mechanical and electrical hazards

X Work activity

X Pressure hazards from pipes and supply lines

X Engulfment

Notes:

Which of the following could be a confined space hazard?




3.21 Feedback

(Matching Drop‐down, 10 points, unlimited attempts permitted)


Correct Choice

Can be caused due to hot work being done or

from

chemical or bacterial reactions.

Oxygen enrichment or deficiency

Can cause problems with communication. Noise

Loose or granular material stored in a bins or

hoppers

can present this hazard, eventually suffocating

a worker.

Engulfment, entrapment

Can occur if wall surfaces, lines or other

furnishings

are not properly drained and/or washed.

Residual chemicals


That's right! You selected the correct response. (Slide Layer)

You did not select the correct response. (Slide Layer)


Try Again (Slide Layer)

3.22 Feedback


Correct Choice

Can be contributed to fog, mist or work Poor or Reduced Visibility


processes.

Human factors; can include worker’s; Phobias, Level of Stress, Physical Conditions

Could cause a utility interruption causing the

loss of lighting and ventilation systems.

Storms and Lighting Strikes





3.23 Feedback

(Drag and Drop, 10 points, unlimited attempts permitted)


Drag Item Drop Target

Lower Exposure Limit

Legislated Environmental Level

Lower Explosive Limit Lower Explosive Limit

Lax Explosive Level

Drag and drop properties

Snap dropped items to drop target (Snap to center)

Delay item drop states until interaction is submitted

Feedback when correct:

An ignition source could also include sparks from welding, cutting or grinding. Sparks could also

result from failure to use explosion‐proof lighting, non‐sparking tools or explosion‐proof fans.



4. Hazard Control

4.1 Confined Space Entry Hazard Recognition


4.2 Hazard Control

Notes:

Any hazard that can be identified can be controlled. Having recognized a confined space hazard or hazards, the next step is to control the hazard..

Vales’ Zero Energy State (ZES) Core Module ZES 001 details the legislated controls that must be in place prior to commencing any work in a confined space.


4.3 Hazard Control

Notes:

In Confined Space Regulation 632-Section 14: Isolation of energy and control of materials movement

The employer shall, in accordance with the relevant plan, ensure that each worker entering a confined space is adequately protected against:

the release of hazardous substances into the confined space, by blanking or disconnecting piping, and

contact with electrical energy inside the confined space that could endanger the worker, by disconnecting, de-energizing, locking out and tagging the source of electrical energy,

If compliance with either of the above requirements is not practical in the circumstances for technical reasons, then workers must be protected by other adequate means.


4.4 Hazard Control

Notes:

Furthermore the employer must also ensure that each worker entering a confined space is protected from contact with moving parts of equipment inside the confined space that could endanger the worker, by disconnecting the equipment from its power source, de-energizing the equipment, locking it out and tagging it, or if compliance with this requirement is not practical immobilizing the equipment by blocking or other adequate means; and the risk of drowning, engulfment, entrapment, suffocation and other hazards caused from free-flowing material, by adequate means.


4.5 Atmospheric Hazards

Notes:

Ventilation

We have discussed a number of atmospheric hazards earlier in this module.

The first and most effective method of controlling a hazardous atmosphere is by ventilation.

This can be accomplished by either blowing sufficient fresh air into the confined space or by drawing out the hazardous atmosphere while fresh air is drawn into the confined space.

When ventilating, the ventilation flow should reach the bottom of the container.


4.6 Ventilation

Notes:

Ventilation

Air quality within the confined space must be checked as per procedure to ensure the effectiveness of the ventilating system.

Continuous ventilation may be required to provide air for breathing and to lower the concentration of contaminants below the hazardous level.

When ventilating a confined space, consideration must be given to the location of the intake to ensure that there is no risk of inadvertent contamination of the space.

The Discharge location of this hazardous atmosphere must be positioned to ensure that the surrounding workroom environment is not contaminated.

In situations where the concentration of explosive gases or vapours is higher than the Upper Explosive Limit (U.E.L.), ventilation will bring the concentration down below the explosive range.


4.7 Ventilation

Notes:

Ventilation

Remember, although the atmosphere is not explosive when it is above the Upper Explosive Limit (U.E.L) the concentration level will pass through the explosive range while you are ventilating, and will remain explosive until the concentration level in the atmosphere is below the Lower Explosive Limit (L.E.L).


4.8 Draining

Notes:

Draining

When possible, the confined space must be drained of all contents. If this is not possible for spaces containing bulk material, such as sand, grain or limestone to name a few, then OHSA Regulation 60 must be followed. It states:

60. (1) Before a worker enters any silo, bin, hopper or other container or structure containing bulk material, all further supply or material thereto shall be stopped and any removal of material therefrom shall be prevented.

(2) When working on top of bulk material in any silo, bin, hopper or other container or structure,

(a) a worker shall use a fall arrest system, and

(b) at least one other worker, who is a competent person, equipped with a suitable alarm shall be in constant attendance outside the silo, bin, hopper or other container or structure.


4.9 Purging

Notes:

Purging

Purging or inerting means to make the atmosphere in the confined space non-flammable, non-explosive or otherwise chemically non-reactive by displacing or diluting the original atmosphere with steam or a gas that is non-reactive to that space.

When possible, the system must be purged free of any toxic or combustible gases or vapours.

Purging with inert gas, such as nitrogen, may be necessary to minimize the possibility of a fire or explosion inside or outside the space.

Fly-out Text


CAUTION!

Some inert gases are heavier than air and can absorb oxygen; in certain circumstances, this could lead to an oxygen deficient atmosphere in the confined space.

marker voice over (Slide Layer)


4.10 Purging

Notes:

Purging

Sources of ignition must be eliminated.

Never underestimate the importance of seemingly minor items such as explosion-proof fans, non-sparking tools or explosion-proof lighting.

Workers have been fatally injured when using regular light bulbs that broke and ignited combustible gases.

Workers must also ensure that all electrical power tools and lighting circuits shall be protected by a Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter of a Class A device (GCFI - 4mA to 6mA).

The Vale Burning Permit standard also applies to confined space work. If required, have a fire extinguisher on site.


4.11 Washing

Notes:

Washing

When possible, the confined space must be washed free of any residual slurry, chemicals or solutions and any accretions scaled down from top to bottom.

Controlling these kinds of hazards cannot be overemphasized.

Consider the following incident that occurred during work in an SO2 (Sulphur Dioxide) tank in South Africa:


4.12 Washing

Notes:

Washing

Magnetic particle tests had been done on a welded joint next to the vessel's access point.

Some grinding was required inside. Immediately after the grinding started, a fire broke out inside the vessel, near the manhole.

Several fire extinguishers and water sprays were used to put it out; by then both men inside were fatally burned.

Gas tests done before entry showed no SO2 or explosive gas mixture present, and the oxygen content in the vessel was normal.

The intensity and duration of the fire indicated a substantial energy source that couldn't be accounted for; the vessel was empty.


4.13 Washing

Notes:

Washing

Cause of the fire - There was a crystalline rust layer on the inner surface of the vessel, made of two pyrophoric materials; ferrous sulphide and ferrous oxide. (Pyrophoric is defined as, "liable to ignite spontaneously in air".)

Government investigators suggested the following theory: Grinding allowed moist ferrous sulphide to contact air, causing a chemical reaction that gave off heat.

This heat, and the heat of friction from the grinding itself, caused the ferrous oxide to react with the SO2 that was entrained in the rust.


4.14 Washing

Notes:

Washing

This strongly exothermic reaction (reaction accompanied by the release of heat) can produce temperatures over 1500 degrees Celsius.

The fuel for the fire was present in the rust layer inside the vessel.

All that was required to start an intense reaction was heat - the friction and sparks from the grinding operation did it.


4.15 Washing

Notes:

Washing

All vessel entries and the work therein can be hazardous, but any entry into a vessel that could contain pyrophoric materials must be carefully planned.

Examples of pyrophoric materials include many metallic oxides and sulphides, and other powdery metallic compounds such as ferro-nickel powders.

Vacuuming, water blasting or other safe means must be used to properly clean the vessel first.


4.16 Physical Hazards

Notes:

Physical Hazards

In addition to atmospheric hazards, there are a number of physical hazards associated with confined spaces.

Isolation of the confined space from potential hazards to entry personnel is mandatory in all situations.

Isolation requirements are detailed as follows:


4.17 Isolation of Mechanical Equipment

Notes:

Isolation of Mechanical Equipment

All mechanical equipment such as conveyors, rotary feeders and pumping systems, just to name a few, which are connected to, feed into or draw from the confined space must be shut down, tagged and locked out as per the Vale Zero Energy State (ZES) program.


4.18 Isolation of Electrical Systems

Notes:

Isolation of Electrical Systems

All sources of electrical current to the confined space must be disconnected, locked and tagged out as per proper procedure.

Condition of extension cords and welding cables must be checked prior to entering a confined space.

Electrical tools and equipment, if not double insulated, must be grounded.

Ground fault circuit interrupters may provide additional protection.


4.19 Isolation of Air, Pneumatic Control, and Water and Steam Systems

Notes:

Isolation of Air, Pneumatic Control, and Water and Steam Systems

Air, pneumatic control and water and steam systems shall be isolated by;

Closing, locking and tagging the supply line or lines.

De-energizing the system by opening the vent or drain line.

Blanking or disconnecting all service lines to the confined space.


4.20 Isolation of Hydraulic Systems

Notes:

Isolation of Hydraulic Systems Hydraulic systems shall be isolated by: Shutting down, locking and tagging the hydraulic pump or pumps Draining the accumulator or accumulators Operating controls to relieve residual line pressures to zero


4.21 Isolation of Oxygen and Nitrogen Systems

Notes:

Isolation of Oxygen and Nitrogen Systems Oxygen and nitrogen gas systems shall be isolated by: Closing, locking and tagging the supply line or lines

De-energizing lines by opening vent or drain valves Venting into process by purging the confined space| Testing air quality

NOTE:

Special procedures outline the blanking off of oxygen lines. Check with your Supervisor for any special or Standard Job Procedures that apply to confined spaces in your area.


4.22 Isolation of Toxic Gases Or Vapours of Hazardous Chemicals

Notes:

Isolation of Toxic Gases Or Vapours of Hazardous Chemicals On gravity, pump or compressor supplied systems, isolation shall be accomplished by:

Shutting down, locking and tagging out the pump(s) or compressor(s) De-energizing the lines Flushing or purging the lines Testing the confined space atmosphere Blanking all service and process lines to and from the confined space

NOTE: Spades and gaskets, if required, must be compatible with the gas, vapour or chemical present.


4.23 Isolation of Natural Gas Systems

Notes:

Isolation of Natural Gas Systems The Combustion Department is responsible for blanking off natural gas lines. Natural gas lines and systems shall be isolated by:

Closing, locking and tagging supply lines

Disconnecting the line and capping or blanking it


4.24 Controls for Design, Temperature Extremes, and Noise

Notes:

Controls for Design, Temperature Extremes, and Noise The design or construction of a confined space may pose a number of hazards. For example, the confined space may have limited access and/or egress. The height or slope of the space may also pose problems.

Controls for these problems would include a ladder or scaffolding, radio communication with the attendant, and special rescue equipment with a plan for emergency retrieval.

Temperature extremes may require the use of ventilation, supplemental heating or cooling equipment, and limited work times.


4.25 Controls for Design, Temperature Extremes, and Noise

Notes:

Controls for Design, Temperature Extremes, and Noise The work environment in or around the confined space may require the use of hearing protection. Steps may have to be taken to ensure entry personnel can still hear the radio communication and the air quality testing equipment (if in the space with the entry personnel). In situations where the work activity could cause the atmosphere to change, for example welding, the air should be monitored on a continuous basis. As stated previously, we will be discussing air quality testing later in this module.


4.26 External Hazards

Notes:

External Hazards

While all the proper procedures may have been done to make the confined space you are working in safe, there may be external hazards that could still affect your safety.

For example, motor vehicles or mobile equipment may park close to the confined space and leave their motor idling.

There may be machinery, equipment or other vessels adjacent to or above your confined space.

These could malfunction and cause leaks or spills into the confined space in which you are working.

To reduce the risk of external hazards being inadvertently introduced in the confined space you should;


if the confined space is being ventilated, barricade the intake and exhaust vent,

post appropriate signage in the work area warning others that confined space work is in progress.

4.27 Review

Notes:

Review

Let's review the key points to address in controlling confined space hazards:

Ventilation of hazardous atmosphere

Draining, purging, washing the confined space

Isolation of energy sources and material handling facilities


Controls for design, temperature extreme and noise

Adequate explosion-proof lighting, non-sparking tools and explosion-proof fan


(Multiple Choice, 10 points, unlimited attempts permitted)

Correct Choice

Washing

Purging

X Ventilation

Notes:

Which of the following is the first and most effective method of controlling a hazardous atmosphere?





Correct Choice

X True


False

Notes:

Purging a confined space with inert gas may be necessary to minimize the possibility of a fire or explosion in a confined space. However, in certain circumstances some heavier-than-air gases can cause an oxygen deficient atmosphere.






Correct Choice

Chaining the valves


X Blanking off

Placing an attendant by the valves

Identifying the lines on the confined space permit

Notes:

To prevent the hazards in any pipe or supply line from entering a confined space,

the pipes or supply lines are isolated by:



Correct Choice

X True

False

Notes:

Isolation of some systems may require special procedures and personnel.


5. Responsilities

5.1 Responsibilities

5.2 Introduction

Notes:

This section of the module covers the responsibilities of the supervisor or


designate, the entry personnel, attendant and the rescue personnel as they pertain to confined space work.

5.3 Roles and Responsibilities of the Supervisor

Notes:

The Confined Space Entry Supervisor shall:

Attend and successfully complete the Vale Confined Space Entry Supervisor training program, which is delivered by Vale Learning and Development instructors. All external service provider confined space entry supervisors, who are required to manage the work in a confined space or related work with respect to the same confined space on Vale sites are required to have completed the Vale Confined Space Entry Supervisor training module, including the prerequisite suite of awareness, entry and rescue training modules.

a) Ensure that the requirements of the program, including proper execution of the duties of the, entrants, the attendants, and rescuer(s) are followed; for the duration of the confined space entry and that acceptable conditions are maintained for the duration of the entry.



Notes:

b)Prior to entry, ensure and document that those entering the confined space are competent and trained to enter including the rescue team members in accordance with the program Entry & Rescue Plan / Procedure Specific training as required by the Ontario Operations Confined Space Program section 4.5.1, and the Ontario Regulation 632 for Confined Spaces (O.Reg.632/05)section 9 Plan Specific Training for workplaces other than projects and section 9.1 Training for projects;

c)

c)



Notes:

c)Verify and ensure that all required actions have been taken (i.e.

d)

a confined space work risk assessment has been completed,

a written entry plan including procedures for the control of hazards identified in the confined space work risk assessment has been completed,

a coordination document has been filled in when there is more than one Vale Work Group or more than one external service provider employer, and

written rescue plans are in place and have been tested, etc..)

prior to endorsing the confined space entry permit and allowing entry to begin.

Finally, ensure that the workers have access to the hazards identification information and all other information required by the program and the developed Entry & Rescue Plans and Procedures for that confined space; c)



Notes:

Verify that rescue services are qualified and trained in the rescue techniques and rescue equipment, including the Entry & Rescue Plan / Procedure Specific training, and that they are available prior to and throughout the entry.

Also verify that a means for summoning them is operable and that rescue teams have been evaluated through the Confined Space Rescue test and documented;

d)Assist the emergency rescue team if required;

e)Communicate the status and requirements of the entry to the next entry supervisor when he or she is replaced;

f) Terminate the entry and ensure removal of personnel and equipment at the appropriate time.

g)


5.7 Roles and Responsibilities of the Attendant

Notes:

The attendant shall:

1) Be trained and qualified to control access and communications at the entrance of the confined space. An attendant requires the same confined space training as any other entry personnel.

2) Remain at the outside and near the entrance of the confined space unless replaced by another qualified person or, all entry personnel have exited the confined space.

3) Monitor the safety of the entry personnel as outlined in the plan. (i.e. ventilation devices and air quality monitoring)

4) Ensure that no personnel enter the confined space unless they have clearance from the confined space supervisor and are listed on the entry and exit record.

5) Be aware of external hazards that may affect the safety of entry personnel. This includes vehicles idling too close to the confined space. It may also include machinery, equipment, or other vessels adjacent to or above the confined space. These could malfunction and cause leaks or spills into the confined space.



Notes:

5) Be aware of external hazards that may affect the safety of entry personnel. This includes vehicles idling too close to the confined space. It may also include machinery, equipment, or other vessels adjacent to or above the confined space. These could malfunction and cause leaks or spills into the confined space

6) Changing of Attendants: The attendant shall not enter the confined space at any time unless relieved by another trained and qualified attendant. The replacement attendant must be made aware of current confined space activities and the entrants status.

7) The replacement attendant’s name shall be listed on the entry and exit record and identified with an "A".

8) Rope off the confined space entrance when entry personnel have


vacated the confined space before all work is complete.


Notes:

The attendant must be in constant communication with the entry personnel and also must be available to summon and assist rescue personnel as identified in the plan.

The attendant shall:

Have a two-way radio:

Alert entrants if they must evacuate the confined space;

Summon rescue team/first aid personnel;


Contact the control room / confined space supervisor for outside assistance;

Have a means of audible alarm as a back-up to the two-way radio;


Notes:

If any of the rescue team/first aid personnel must leave the confined space entry operating area, the attendant must ensure that all entry personnel vacate the confined space, until they are notified that the designated rescuer or first aider has been replaced with a qualified person.


5.11 Roles and Responsibilities of the Rescue Personnel

Notes:

The Emergency Rescue Team Leader shall:

a)Remain alert, have the skills and knowledge needed to direct all aspects of a confined space rescue operation, including the skills and knowledge needed to assess the hazards and develop and implement a rescue plan, and to select applicable equipment and know its limitations;

b)

c)Ensure a written rescue plan is developed before entrant(s) enters a confined space;

d)

e)Determine the number of persons required for the emergency response team;

f)

g)Complete a rapid emergency scene assessment (Size-Up) of existing and potential hazardous conditions at confined space emergencies;



Notes:

a)

b)Ensure that all hazard control systems and items of emergency rescue equipment are in place and operating properly;

c)

d)Assume control of all activities during the emergency rescue operations, be knowledgeable in all rescue team functions and direct the emergency response team for the overall safety of rescue operations;

e)

f) Ensure that all required actions have been taken before sending rescuers into the confined space;



Notes:

h)Ensure that the members of the emergency response team properly perform their duties throughout the rescue;

i)

j) Maintain communications with all affected parties;

k)

l) Terminate the emergency response and ensure removal of personnel and equipment at the appropriate time; and j)

m)

n)Secure and protect the incident scene until relieved by a person designated by Mine/Plant

Note: There is specific legislation specifying requirements for securing the incident scene and handing over control of the scene to the authority having jurisdiction, refer to SPI SAF-30 Critical Injury Protocol .



Notes:

Persons designated as on-site rescue personnel for a confined space must have successfully completed the following training;

the use of rescue equipment appropriate for entry into and rescue techniques from the confined space

first aid, cardio-pulmonary resuscitation and patient packaging techniques

·frequent practice of on-site rescue procedures so there is a high level of proficiency.

Note: Not all members of the rescue team require all elements of rescue training identified above, so long as the rescue team as a whole has adequate training. The amount of training required by each individual member of the rescue team will depend on the particular situation and plan.



Notes:

The rescue personnel must ensure that the rescue equipment has been inspected and documented on the rescue and communication equipment inspection form prior to the shift and is available for immediate implementation.

Prior to entry of the confined space by entry personnel, a pre-use inspection of the rescue equipment must be performed. This activity must be documented and identified as completed on the entry permit checkbox.



Notes:

The Rescue Personnel Leader must ensure the rescue plan form and record of rescue plant test form completed and submitted to the confined space entry supervisor for documentation.

The rescue team must be readily available to respond to an emergency situation at a confined space as per the confined space rescue plan and confined space risk assessment.

Must be prepared to extract the entry personnel from the confined space following the established and tested rescue plan.

The rescue plan must also have a contingency plan in the event a rescuer is injured or incapacitated during an emergency response (i.e. back up plan).

Rescue team members must also lock and tag out on the confined space lock box at the beginning of the work shift, so there is no delay in rescue implementation.



Notes:

Direct communications must be maintained with the attendant and when summoned, proceed immediately to the confined space.

If the rescue team must leave the confined space operating area the attendant and the confined space entry supervisor must be notified and must also ensure the attendant and confined space supervisor are aware of their replacement.

Note: The rescue team personnel may be assigned to more than one confined space. In the event that the rescue team personnel must respond to an emergency, ALL WORK MUST CEASE in the other confined spaces of the operating area, pending replacement of the rescue team personnel;


5.18 Implementation of the On‐site Rescue Procedures

Notes:

What does “immediate implementation” of the on-site rescue procedures mean?

The employer or in the case of a project the constructor is responsible for developing a plan and ensuring that an adequate number of persons trained in certain rescue matters are available for immediate implementation of the on-site rescue procedures, before a worker enters a confined space.

The plan including the on-site rescue procedures, is based on the nature of hazards identified during the confined space work risk assessment and must be adequate to protect the health and safety of all workers who work in confined space or related work in respect to the same confined space.

The plan will indicate whether the “on-site rescue team” should be assembled at the point of entry of the confined space or whether team members may be located elsewhere on the premise or project.

In either case the team must be immediately available, meaning that it is ready and available to respond to an emergency situation at a confined space.



Notes:

For example;

When an IDLH atmosphere is present, the emergency response team shall be present and ready to respond immediately.

Note:

Present and ready to respond immediately means that the emergency response team specified in the confined space work risk assessment are at the confined space, PPE is donned (respirator mask at the ready position) and all controls needed to enter the confined space immediately are in place. When these conditions are satisfied, the team members should reach entrant(s) in 3 minutes.



Notes:

For non IDLH rescues, as an example trauma related injuries, the “Golden Hour” principle is used to determine how quickly the rescue services should be able to respond to these types of emergencies within 15 minutes of notification.

Note:

the Golden Hour is the hour immediately following traumatic injury in which medical treatment to prevent irreversible internal damage and optimize the chance for survival is most effective.




Correct Choice

True

X False

Notes:

The use of respiratory protective equipment eliminates the need for air quality testing.


Correct Choice

True

X False

Notes:



Correct Choice

X The Entry Supervisor

X The Entrant

X The Attendant

Plant Protection Personnel

Permit Issuer

Notes:

A confined space is defined as a place

that is partially or fully enclosed

that is not both designed and constructed for continuous human occupancy

where atmospheric hazards may occur because of its construction, location, or


contents, or because of work that is done in it.






Correct Choice

The Entry Supervisor

X Attendant

The Supervisor of the area

All of the above

Notes:







Correct Choice

Supervisors


X Trained personnel

Attendants

Co‐workers

Notes:





6. Air Quality Testing

6.1 Air Quality Testing

6.2 Introduction

Notes:

Proper air quality testing of a confined space can be a matter of life and death.


Consider the accident that claimed the lives of two men, aged 26 and 32 years. Both men were found unconscious at the bottom of a vacuum degassing tank which had been shut down for regular maintenance.

During normal operation a ladle of molten steel is lowered into the tank, a lid positioned, a vacuum created, and inert argon gas and alloys are injected into the bath to reduce carbon levels in the steel.

One man had entered the tank to start removing rubble following maintenance work that had been completed over the previous two weeks.

6.3 Introduction

Notes:

The second man was positioned at the top of the tank. The man in the tank collapsed. As an employee ran for help, the second man entered the tank to help his co-worker.

The second man collapsed in the tank before rescue workers arrived. Both men were removed and rushed to hospital where they were pronounced dead.


The tank had been out of operation for two weeks for maintenance, which is typically performed about every two months.

Locking and tagging procedures and gas testing were completed before the men started their work. Gas testing just prior to entering the tank reported normal oxygen levels.

6.4 Introduction

Notes:

Testing following the accident showed an oxygen-deficient atmosphere at the bottom of the tank, which held lethal concentrations of inert, heavier-than-air argon gas.

As you can see, it is important to never underestimate the importance of following proper air quality testing procedures from beginning to end.

We will now cover air quality testing requirements, some features of multi gas analyzers, and the operation of multi gas analyzers.


6.5 Introduction

Notes:

Testing following the accident showed an oxygen-deficient atmosphere at the bottom of the tank, which held lethal concentrations of inert, heavier-than-air argon gas.

As you can see, it is important to never underestimate the importance of following proper air quality testing procedures from beginning to end.

We will now cover air quality testing requirements, some features of multi gas analyzers, and the operation of multi gas analyzers.


6.6 Air Quality Testing ‐ Requirements

Notes:

A competent person trained and qualified to use the appropriate gas detector must test the air quality of all confined spaces prior to entry.

Air quality tests must be conducted as follows.

In large, deep vessels, extensive and sample draw systems are to be used prior to entry.

Testing of the atmosphere is done at different levels in the confined space because some gases and vapours are lighter or heavier than air.

This may cause higher concentrations of environmental hazards at different levels in the space.

The use of probes and tubing may be necessary to test the air quality at all levels of the confined space. Be careful to avoid putting the tube in water, other liquid or substances.



Notes:

The first test is taken from immediately inside the confined space entrance while the tester remains outside.

Note:

The act of placing any part of your body, including your head, through the opening of a confined space is considered an "entry".

When you breathe in toxic vapours, they immediately enter the blood stream through your respiratory system and cause poisoning. So, the gas detector goes in first.



Notes:

If it is determined that the confined space may be entered safely after the first test is taken from immediately inside the confined space entrance, the entire space is tested.

Continue with the middle part of the confined space, then proceed through to the deepest level or, in the case of a horizontal confined space, the part of the space furthest away from the confined space entrance.

This is done to ensure no pockets of gases or oxygen deficiency are present.

Testing would also include any alcoves or domed areas or caved-out holes in the space

.

When values in the display stabilize, the test results must be recorded in the appropriate section of the Confined Space Work Permit.



Notes:

If the tests indicate concentrations of combustibles or toxic gases, vapours or fumes, the source of the contaminant must be determined and eliminated or special requirements applied and listed on the Confined Space Work Permit.

If conditions in the space being monitored are outside acceptable ranges, it is not safe for entry.

If a space is being monitored continuously and the alarm sounds, it is not safe for entry.

If the alarm sounds when entry personnel are in the confined space, they must exit the space immediately!

By looking at the instrument, determine what is alarming and take the required steps to correct the situation, such as ventilating the confined space.



Notes:

If there is noise in or around the confined space that may affect the ability to hear the gas detector alarm, someone must be assigned to the gas detector to hear the alarm should it go off.

Finally, conditions in a confined space may change at any time. If the confined space has been vacated by all entry personnel for any length of time, the air quality in a confined space may have to be re-tested prior to re-entry.


6.11 Air Quality Testing ‐ Multi Gas Analyzers

Notes:

Multi Gas Analyzers are portable gas detectors. As a minimum standard, the gas detector must have the ability to measure the following:

Oxygen (O2); and

Combustibles (Measured as Lower Explosive Limit - LEL) and

Toxic substances as required in your area. Toxic substances may include hydrogen sulphide (H2S), carbon monoxide (CO) or nickel carbonyl (NiCO4) just to name a few.

Make sure you have the proper analyzer. Single gas analyzers, for example those that measure only oxygen or only carbon monoxide, are not sufficient to clear a confined space.



Notes:

Multi gas analyzers have an audible alarm that will sound when:

Oxygen is outside the range of 19.5 % to 23%, or

CO is above 25 ppm, or

Combustibles are over 5% of the LEL (Lower Explosive Limit). Multi gas analyzers also have a visual alarm, such as a red flashing light.

Competent persons must calibrate all gas detectors.



Notes:

Work being performed in a confined space may generate contaminants that can change the conditions in the space.

In this situation, you need to be able to test for any of these particular contaminants that can create hazards.

Some work activities that may affect the air quality in a confined space include burning, welding, painting or the use of chemicals or solvents.



Notes:

When work may affect the air quality, additional air quality testing may be required as per procedure set by the area.

The procedure may include such things as continuous monitoring and/or ventilation.

When the possibility of oxygen deficiency, oxygen enrichment or the potential for an IDLH situation exists, meaning immediately dangerous to life or health, air quality testing must be conducted on a continuous basis.



Notes:

Gas detectors may also measure the temperature, battery voltage and ambient light (light relating to the immediate environment).

There is an LED (light-emitting diode) display of the concentrations. This illuminates when necessary. The gas detectors are powered by rechargeable battery packs.

These detectors have an RFI (Radio Frequency Interference) shielded case.

This case must always be on to prevent such things as radio frequencies from interfering with the operation of the gas detector.



Notes:

Probes with a sample draw pump can be connected to the gas detector. Some detectors have built-in pumps.

Other gas detectors have pumps that must be operated manually. When manually operated, the hand aspirator must be pumped once per foot of probe and must be pumped as long as monitoring is taking place.

When the probe hood is removed from a detector with a built-in pump, the alarm will sound.

The gas detector alarms when conditions are dangerous or if battery voltage is low.



Notes:

There are a number of different types of multi gas analyzers. The most popular are Draeger, Industrial Scientific and Biosystems.

After successful completion of this Confined Space module, a competent person will provide you with a set of instructions on how to operate the gas detector used in your area.

He or she will demonstrate the proper method of operation, including the use of probes and tubing.

The testing of the air quality of all confined spaces must be conducted by a competent person trained and qualified to use the appropriate gas detector.




Correct Choice

X From just inside the entrance

X At the middle

X At the bottom

Notes:

A confined space is defined as a place

that is partially or fully enclosed

that is not both designed and constructed for continuous human occupancy

where atmospheric hazards may occur because of its construction, location, or contents, or because of work that is done in it.


7. Personal Protective Equipment

7.1 Personal Protective Equipment


Notes:

As discussed earlier, selecting the required personal protective equipment, PPE,


is part of the confined space pre-entry and rescue plan for each job.

This requirement is based on the hazards present and the tasks being performed. Specific PPE requirements shall be outlined in any plan for each confined space.

This section of the module covers different types of PPE under two categories:

Respiratory Protection

Protective Clothing and Eye Protection


Notes:

Respirators are classified as follows:

Self-contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA)

Supplied-air Respirators


Gas Masks

Dust, Fume and Mist Respirators

Chemical cartridge or combination chemical cartridge respirators (at Vale this includes half-face and full-face respirators)

Protective suits totally encapsulating the wearer's body and incorporating a life-support system; and

Special applications respirators


Notes:

The following factors shall be considered in the selection of a respirator:

Air sampling and analysis


Characteristics of the Hazardous Operation or Process

Use-Time Period

Physical Characteristics, Functional Capabilities and Limitations of Respirators of Various Types

Respirator Fit, and

Interaction with Other Protective Equipment


Notes:

As stated earlier, the minimum respiratory protection for an IDLH entry and escape from unknown concentrations is an SCBA or positive-pressure combination supplied-air respirator with egress bottle.


The positive-pressure type of air line respirator is equipped with a facepiece, an exhalation valve and regulator, all of which are configured to contribute to maintaining positive pressure in the face-piece when a proper face-to-facepiece seal is maintained by the user.

NOTE:

The pressure demand airline respirator is designed to be used in atmospheres that are not "Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health", (IDLH).

They are not certified by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) for use in IDLH applications, due to the fact the air supply may fail, leaving the wearer unprotected.


Notes:

In situations where the IDLH potential exists, egress cylinders (Hip Air) must be worn along with the airline respirator to provide escape air in the event of an emergency.


The egress apparatus consists of a small cylinder and pressure demand regulator mounted on a support belt.

The regulator has both a breathing tube and breathing air hose. When filled to proper specifications, the bottle allows the wearer approximately 5 minutes of breathing time.

This apparatus is to be used for egress purposes only. Once engaged, the user must retreat to fresh air immediately.

With all supplied-air respirators, the wearer is restricted in the movement by the air-supply hose and must return to a respirable atmosphere by retracing the route of entry.


Notes:

Earlier we mentioned the total body-encapsulating suit with a positive-pressure combination supplied-air respirator.


Air supply suits may protect against atmospheres that irritate the skin or that may be absorbed through the skin.

Air is supplied to a suit through a system of internal tubes and valves to the head, trunk and extremities.


Notes:

Other protective clothing and eye protection include the following:

Coveralls

Mono-goggles

Dust hoods

Welding jacket and spats


Acid resistant or acid proof coveralls, suit and boots.

Chemical resistant gloves.

Make sure all personal protective equipment is in good working order and all clasps, belts, chains and retrieval equipment are working properly.



Correct Choice

a) The hazards present

X b) The tasks being performed

c) Both a and b


Notes:







Correct Choice

True

X False

Notes:



8. Confined Space Entry Procedures

8.1 Confined Space Work Permit Guidelines

8.2 Confined Space Entry Procedures

Notes:

This section of the module will identify the required procedures to safely perform


work in a confined space.

8.3 What is Required for Entry?

Notes:

A formal confined space entry plan is required and must include the following information.

Confined space work risk assessment form: identifying the hazards that may exist due to design, construction, location, use or contents under normal operating parameters, as well as the hazards that may develop while the work is done inside the confined space;

Up-to-date training records for all personnel involved;

Confined space entry permit, hot work provision and air quality test form;


Pause Timeline (Slide Layer)

8.4 What is Required for Entry?

Notes:

A formal confined space entry plan is required and must include the following information.

Written job procedure, required PPE, identification and location of the


isolation points, tag and lockout devices;

Confined space employee entry and exit record;

Confined space coordination document;

Written confined space rescue plan, rescue plan form, and rescue plan test form

Material Safety Data Sheets for controlled products of the confined space and scope of work consumables as required.

8.5 Confined Space Work Risk Assessment

Notes:

Before any worker enters a confined space, the mine/plant or in the case of a project the constructor shall ensure that an adequate confined space work risk assessment is completed.


Each mine/plant or in the case of a project, the constructor shall jointly develop their own confined space entry plans and use the confined space work risk assessment form.

There are three sources of hazards that can be directly or indirectly associated with working in and around confined spaces:

Inherent Hazards

Introduced Hazards

Adjacent Hazards


Notes:

Inherent Hazards are those hazards that exist as a permanent, essential characteristic, or attribute of the confined space.


Introduced Hazards are those hazards that are not normally associated with the confined space’s purpose or process but are brought into the confined space or adjoining area’s deliberately or inadvertently.

Adjacent Hazards are hazards or other conditions that might exist in the area(s) surrounding the confined space. Adjacent hazards can also involve other confined spaces that are in proximity to the entry site, that share a common wall or contact each other in any way and can pose significant hazards that need to be evaluated prior to entry. Adjacent work activities that are being performed nearby confined space need to be identified and analyzed for effects or dangers posed. External Hazards, pedestrians, vehicular traffic, equipment, smoke, exhaust, transfer of product can all produce adjacent hazards.

more (Slide Layer)



Notes:

The hazard assessment is not intended for the purpose of evaluating whether or not a space is a confined space.

The assessment is intended to be carried out as part of the entry evaluation process.

It is critical to identify the Risk Level of existing hazards in individual confined spaces, and the hazards that may develop during the work activity inside the confined space.



Notes:

The confined space work risk assessment will assist in determining what kind of rescue equipment is required, where it is to be staged, and how it is to be deployed (i.e. in the general area, or at the confined space entrance),

It will also identify how many rescuers are required, including back-up rescue personnel and where they should be located (i.e. in the general area, or at the confined space entrance).


8.9 Confined Space Coordination Document

Notes:

The Coordination Document is intended to ensure that employers of workers or different Vale work groups working in a confined space are aware of potential or existing hazards that may be introduced by one or the other employers or different Vale work groups, and that there is communication between the employers and different Vale work groups in order to ensure worker safety.


8.10 Confined Space Coordination Document

Notes:

The Coordination Document shall be prepared by the confined space supervisor of the “Lead Employer” /or in the case of a project the Constructor.

The individual completing the coordination document is typically known as the confined space coordinator and must sign and date the document.

The Lead Employer as defined by the regulation, is an employer who contracts for the services of one or more other employers or independent contractors in relation to one or more confined spaces that are located either in the Lead Employer’s workplace or in another employer’s workplace.

On a construction project, the Constructor is responsible for the preparation of the coordination document if workers of more than one employer perform work in the same confined space or related work with respect to the same confined space.


8.11 Section 1

Notes:

Filled out by the confined space supervisor of the Lead Employer / Entry Supervisor or in the case of a project, the Constructor.

The Lead Employer / Work Group or Constructor will indicate the job being done and by what work group / employer.

The secondary Employers / groups will fill out their specific job and the work group doing the job.

Identification of the Confined Space Coordinator when multiple employers are involved.


8.12 Section 2

Notes:

Filled out by the Lead Employer / Entry Supervisor or in the case of a project the Constructor identifying tasks that could affect other employees inside or outside the specific confined space.

The secondary Employers / Work Groups identifying tasks that could affect other employees inside or outside the specific confined space.


8.13 Section 3

Notes:

The coordination document must ensure that employer duties with respect to the above subject matters are performed in a way that protects the health and safety of all workers who perform work in a confined space or related work with respect to the confined space.


8.14 Section 4

Notes:

The lead employer confined space supervisor / work group or in the case of a project the Constructor must be identified, a contact person’s name “printed legibly” and sign-off including all other employers or work groups involved with the confined space entry.


8.15 Confined Space Work Permit

Notes:

This section will describe the required steps to accurately complete a Confined Space Work Permit.

During your "hands-on" training you will be shown how to properly complete and use the permit.


8.16 Confined Space Work Permit

Notes:

The Supervisor or designate shall ensure that:

a separate Confined Space Entry permit is issued each time work is to be performed in a confined space, before any worker enters that confined space.

the permit is adequately filled out;

the permit is kept up to date with accurate and complete information; and,

during the time period for which the entry permit applies, is made readily available to every person who enters the confined space or performs related work.

The entry permit is valid for One Shift Only - Maximum of 12 hours.


8.17 Section A

Notes:

1. Date of issue


8.18 Section A

Notes:

1. Date of issue

2. Corresponds to the person who authorizes permit schedule (D-Days; A-Afternoons; N-Nights)


8.19 Section A

Notes:

1. Date of issue


3. General area / location.


8.20 Section A

Notes:

1. Date of issue



4. Work group entering the confined space.


8.21 Section A

Notes:

1. Date of issue




5. The operating supervisor / designate or in the case of a project the constructor will assign a permit number and log this number in the confined space log book prior to signing the permit.


8.22 Section A

Notes:

1. Date of issue





6. Name of the confined space.


8.23 Section A

Notes:

1. Date of issue





6. Name of the confined space

7. Rescue plan number, if different than the job procedure


8.24 Section B

Notes:

1. Identify all contents when operating (normal materials).

2. Describe the contents during entry.

3. List any substance not covered in items 1 or note as “not applicable” N/A


8.25 Section C

Notes:

1. Each pre-entry field check must have a YES, NO, or N/A indicated. There are to be no blanks or check marks anywhere on the permit.

2. Air quality tests are required for every permit, the actual air quality test numbers are recorded. Again, no check marks or blanks. This particular section indicates the initial air quality tests.


8.26 Section D

Notes:

1. The confined space supervisor is required to indicate the required field checks have been completed and necessary protective and rescue equipment is in good working order and in place and readily available to effect a rescue in the confined space. Every line must be completed with an appropriate Yes, No, or N/A (no checkmarks are allowed).


8.27 Section D

Notes:

2. The confined space supervisor will print and sign on the form. Entry into the confined space will not proceed until the authorization signature is in place. The confined space supervisor will clearly print and sign their name.

8.28 Section D


Notes:

All personnel who will be entering the confined space during the work period covered by the permit must be included on this list

The attendant or attendants must be identified with the letter "A" after their name.

Each person must initial the permit upon completion of the job or the end of the shift.

8.29 Hot Work Provision and Air Quality Test Form

Notes:

When Hot work is going to performed, specific provisions must be followed, they include:

Air quality must be continuously monitored. Each and every test result must be indicated with the actual number value on the permit.

There must be an alarm and exit procedure in place in case of an exceedance


in air quality.

You must list the provisions taken to control the hazards associated with the hot work.

If a Flammable or Explosive Environment exists the space must be purged and continuously ventilated to maintain an atmosphere of less than 5% LEL and less than 19.5% and not more than 23% Oxygen.



Correct Choice

Operations department

X Work group who will actually be entering the confined space

Maintenance department


Notes:





Correct Choice

True

X False

Notes:

Confined space entry may proceed while the supervisor fills in the Confined Space Work Permit.





Correct Choice

True


X False

Notes:

The attendant is not required to be listed under the listing for entry personnel.





8.33 Feedback




Identification Identification

Assessment Assessment

Entry Procedure Entry Procedure

Coordination Document Coordination Document

Entry Permit Entry Permit

Rescue Plan Rescue Plan


Return item to start point if dropped outside the correct drop target

Snap dropped items to drop target (Tile)

Allow only one item in each drop target




8.34 Feedback


Correct Choice

Method in which a worker entering a confined Tag‐out ‐ lockout



space shall be

adequately protected against the release of

hazardous substances

or energy into the confined space.

Method of addressing hazardous

atmospheres.

Ventilation & purging

Methods that include safety policies, work

procedures, or other

types of written instruction.

Administrative

The most effective method of control whereby

a hazard is physically removed.

Elimination

A method of controlling hazards through

donning of prescribed

equipment.

PPE


8.35 Feedback



Permit Issuer Permit Issuer


Supervisor and Permit Issuer Supervisor and Permit Issuer

Supervisor Supervisor

Air Quality tester Air Quality Tester


Return item to start point if dropped outside the correct drop target

Snap dropped items to drop target (Snap to center)

Allow only one item in each drop target




9. Review

9.1 Confined Space Work Permit Guidelines

9.2 Review

Notes:

Through completing this module, you have learned and are able to;


Recognize and Control Confined Space Hazards;

Describe the Responsibilities of the: Supervisor Entry personnel Attendant Rescue team and

Rescue team leader

Accurately complete a Confined Space Entry Permit and

Understand how to perform Air Quality Testing and Monitoring.

9.3 Summary

Notes:


9.4 Untitled Slide

9.5 Untitled Slide

Notes:


1.1 L D Slide - Valeextportal.vale.com/PMO/Confined Space Training/CS Entry...Pause Timeline (Slide...

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Transcript of 1.1 L D Slide - Valeextportal.vale.com/PMO/Confined Space Training/CS Entry...Pause Timeline (Slide...