Introduction to Hyperloop Technology

Janne Ruponen

Things to discuss• Technical description of Hyperloop• Benefits of Hyperloop• Problems of Hyperloop• Current developers• Current projects

Innovations in transportation• ”Just consider that of all the means of transportation that have been

designed in the past three thousand years or more since the attack weapons of the Hyksos and the drawings of Hero of Alexandria, individual transportation today is limited to bicycle and cars (and a few variants in between the two).” - N.N. Taleb• Smartest transportation systems in the world are those that require

the least resources

Greenhouse gas emissions by segments

Hyperloop energy consumption

DevelopersShare of fundings by competitors

Hyperloop One HTT TransPodArrivo Hyperloop Data Transonic TransportationTexas Guadaloop DGWHyperloop

Reputation in Crunchbase Rank

Hyperloop One HTT TransPod ArrivoHyperloop Data Transonic Transportation Texas Guadaloop DGWHyperloop

Future predictions• Forbes (Oct 25, 2016):

“Hyperloop One’s own projections suggest the loops will be highly lucrative once operational. The company pegs the total addressable market for the combined passenger and freight business at $4.7 trillion in 2020, and rising to $9.3 trillion by 2040. Were Hyperloop One and partners to capture 10% of their serviceable opportunity (the portion of that global overall business within geographic reach) in 2020, they’d take in $300 billion, the company projected in its estimates; by 2040, it would hope to reach 35% and capture spend of $1.9 trillion for it and its partners.”

“The individual projects themselves would also see profit margins of at least 35%--and often much higher—by the year 2030. Hyperloop One’s presentation estimates that the Russian loop would be earning $32.9 billion in profit, on revenue of $43 billion, by that year, suggesting a 76% profit margin. The smaller Houston line would be making $1.2 billion in profit, on revenue of $1.9 billion, for a 65% margin; the Dubai loop would yield $523 million in profit off combined passenger and freight revenues of $1.3 billion, a 37.5% profit margin.” – Forbes (Oct 25, 2016)

• Typical margin for railroad operations is 30-35 %

Isolated transportation• Hyperloop is isolated from environment for few reasons:• Reduced air pressure less air resistance efficient high speeds• Won’t interrupt physically conventional transportations• Possibility to create completely automatic transportation system with a help

from artificial intelligence

Tube• Steel tubes provide isolated environment• Will be depressurized (<200 Pa) by vacuum pumps

Pod• Pods carry cargo and passengers• Suitable pressure maintained

(compare to airplane fuselages)• Other functions:

• Levitation/suspension and guidance by passive maglev

• Linear electric motors provide propulsion

• Emergency brakes• Life and safety support systems• On-board power• Telemetrics

Magnetic levitation• Maglev reduces friction by removing

direct contact from the track• Principle:• 1. Pod starts to accelerate (no

levitation yet)• 2. Magnets in motion induce current in

track wiring• 3. Magnetic field created in track

wiring repels agains permanent magnets in the pod• 4. Pod starts to levitate

Structural deployment• Surface:

• Columns lift and support tube structures from the ground

• Challenges regarding temperature control, moisture, ground movement, private lands and safety issues

• Tunnel:• One step further in isolation• Bedrock doesn’t require supports• Steady and predictable environment once tunneled

and deployed• No problems with right-of-way

• Floating:• Least considered option• New technical solutions might be required

Interfaces• Interface is where two things interract• Interfaces are possible bottlenecks• Loading and boarding by

stations/terminals• Pressure difference handled by airlocks• Defines how many pods we can handle

• Switches for branches• Defines limits for operations from minor

branches

• Interfaces will be designed to work automatically

SpaceX Hyperloop Pod Competition I• Pod design competition • Aims to acclerate the development of

functional prototypes and encourage innovative solutions

• Test track (1,2 km) built close to SpaceX headquarters

• First installment of the competition on January 2017 provided a proof of concept.

• 27 teams participated but only three teams had enough time to test • Delft Hyperloop (Netherlands)• WARR Hyperloop (Germany)• MIT (USA)

• Pods achieved 90 kilometers per hour velocity

SpaceX Hyperloop Pod Competition II• Second installment of the

competition will be held in summer 2017• Focused on a single criterion:

maximum speed• The competition is still open also

to new student teams interested in competing on the track

Current projects on the area of Baltic Sea

Baltic Metro network in future

Other projects• Dubai (Abu Dhabi – Dubai)• Elon Musk’s boring mission in

Los Angeles• Central Europe (Brno –

Bratislava)• Netherlands (Dutch Loop)• South Korea (Hypertube)• Australia (Sydney-Melbourne)• Rail Baltic (railway vs.

hyperloop)

Hyperloop One Global Challenge• Started in May 2016 by Hyperloop One• Competition for individuals, companies, universitities and

governments to develop comprehensive proposals for new Hyperloop corridors• Over 2600 registrants in five months• 38 remaining semifinalists • Finalists will be decided by the judge before next summer

Semifinalists• Description about the situation

Hyperloop Talsinki• Leaders: Stanislav Popkov & Janne Ruponen• Timeline: pre-feasibility studies finished on 27th of April 2017• Corridor length: approx. 90 kilometers in a tunnel• We are competing against traditional railways (FinEst Link)

Who are we• Janne Ruponen:

• Born 1991 in Finland• Master of Science in Technology• Majors: mechanical and

industrial engineering

• Stanislav Popkov:• Born in 1983 in Estonia• Master of Science in

Architecture• Has runned own company

already eight years

Other questions…• How we got involved?•What we have achieved?•What kind of competence we need?•What we do now is a matter of chance

Why we are doing this•More opportunities for people:• Larger commuting area expanded labour and education markets• Balanced living costs people will have more real estate options• Enhanced communication less major conflicts • Forced integration in regulations more options for entrepreneurs• New vacancies generated new job opportunities

• To reduce greenhouse gas emissions

What we want to achieve• To replace railway technology and use Hyperloop technology in the

tunnel corridor between Helsinki and Tallinn• To help to design first test track in Europe • To improve technical solutions around Hyperloop• To improve integration between self-driving cars and Hyperloop• To connect Baltic region with new infrastructure network • To co-develop efficient door-to-door ecosystem• To help local industries to participate to relevant projects

Hyperloop Talsinki• We want to expand our team with new members who are passionate

about new transportation modes• Next phases will involve deeper technical research and pre-feasibility

studies• New company will be established soon (seed capital rounds ahead)• We want to concentrate especially to development of Hyperloop

interfaces and integration

Thank you.

Contact information:

Janne RuponenEmail: janne.ruponen@student.lut.fiPhone: 0505610784LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/janneruponen/

Stanislav PopkovEmail: info@standup.ee

Facebook group: https://www.facebook.com/hyperloopestonia/Meetup group: Helsinki Hyperloop