Post on 03-Jun-2018
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Internal Combustion Engines
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Internal Combustion Engines
types of heat engines
external combustion
internal combustion
steam engines
turbines
Stirling engine
Otto engine
Diesel engine
Vankel engine
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Internal Combustion Engines
The internal combustion engine is
an engine in which thecombustion of fuel-oxidizer
mixture occurs in a confined space
applied in:automotiverail transportationpower generationshipsaviationgarden appliances
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Internal Combustion Engines
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Internal Combustion Enginesfour stroke-Otto engine -
starting position
a. piston starts movingdownb. intake valve opens
c. air-fuel mixturegets in
1. intake
a. piston moves upb. both valves closedc. air-fuel mixture
gets compressed
2. compression
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7b/Four_stroke_cycle_compression.pnghttp://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/45/Four_stroke_cycle_intake.png8/12/2019 Introdu to IC Engines
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Internal Combustion Enginesfour stroke -
ignition
a. air-fuel mixtureexplodes driving thepiston down
3. power
a. piston moves upb. exhaust valve opensc. exhaust leaves thecylinder
4. exhaust
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b1/Four_stroke_cycle_exhaust.pnghttp://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cb/Four_stroke_cycle_power.pnghttp://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/ce/Four_stroke_cycle_spark.png8/12/2019 Introdu to IC Engines
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Internal Combustion Enginesfour stroke -
Advantages:dedicated lubrication system makes to enginemore wear resistantbetter efficiency that 2-stroke engine
no oil in the fuel less pollution
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Internal Combustion EnginesDiesel -
air intake
compression
fuel injection
combustion
exhaust
exhaust/intake
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Internal Combustion EnginesDiesel -
Advantages:self ignition (without electrical spark plug)better efficiencyreliabilityhigher durability
Drawbacks:more NOxproduction
more expensive productionmore weightlouder
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Internal Combustion EnginesDiesel -
fuel injector
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Internal Combustion Enginesmulti-cylinder -
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Internal Combustion Enginesmulti-cylinder -
Cylinder layouts
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V
Internal Combustion Enginesmulti-cylinder -
flatboxer
inline
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Internal Combustion Enginesmulti-cylinder -
14 cylinder Diesel engine (80 MW)
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Internal Combustion Enginesmulti-cylinder -
Cylinder layoutsradial
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Internal Combustion Engines
Valve operation
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Internal Combustion Engines
Wankel rotary engine
Advantages:higher power outputno reciprocating mass
simpler and lighter construction
Drawbacks:increased wear of rubbing partshigher fuel consumption
requirement for better materials
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Internal Combustion Enginestwo stroke -
Advantages:lack of valves, which simplifies construction andlowers weightfire once every revolution, which gives a
significant power boostcan work in any orientationgood power to weight ratio
Drawbacks:lack of a dedicated lubrication system makes
the engine to wear faster.necessity of oil addition into the fuellow efficiencyproduce a lot of pollution
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Internal Combustion Enginestwo stroke -
1. Power / Exhaust2. Intake / Compression
a. ignitionb. piston moves downward
compressing fuel-air mixturein the crankcase
c. exhaust port opens
a. inlet port opensb. compressed fuel-air mixture
rushes into the cylinderc. piston upward movement
provides further compression
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Internal Combustion Engines