American ImperialismAmerican Imperialism

A New Manifest DestinyA New Manifest Destiny

New Manifest Destiny?New Manifest Destiny?

Our manifest destiny is Our manifest destiny is to overspread the to overspread the continent allotted by continent allotted by Providence for the Providence for the development of our development of our yearly multiplying yearly multiplying millionsmillions John O’ Sullivan, 1844John O’ Sullivan, 1844

ImperialismImperialism

the economic and political the economic and political domination of a strong domination of a strong nation over other weaker nation over other weaker nations.nations.

Economic Reasons for Economic Reasons for ImperialismImperialism

Tariffs prevented trade between countriesTariffs prevented trade between countries

The need for markets The need for markets

The need for raw materialsThe need for raw materials

Political Reasons for Political Reasons for ImperialismImperialism

The need for powerThe need for power

The desire for prestigeThe desire for prestige

Social Reasons for Social Reasons for ImperialismImperialism

Spread Religion (Christianity)Spread Religion (Christianity)

Social Darwinism “White Man’s Social Darwinism “White Man’s Burden”Burden”

Spread IdeasSpread Ideas

6 Ds of Imperialism6 Ds of Imperialism

●DollarsDollars

●DefenseDefense

●DemocracyDemocracy

●DarwinismDarwinism

●DeityDeity

●DestinyDestiny

Causes for US ImperialismCauses for US Imperialism End of Frontier (1890)End of Frontier (1890)

Importance of Foreign TradeImportance of Foreign Trade

Desire to compete with European Desire to compete with European empiresempires

Proponents of US ExpansionProponents of US Expansion– Adm. Alfred T. Mahan - Adm. Alfred T. Mahan - The Influence of Sea The Influence of Sea

Power upon History Power upon History (1890) (1890) – Josiah Strong - Josiah Strong - Our Country Our Country (“brother’s

keepers)

•US started to produce more than it could consume

•New colonial markets were needed to expand economy

•Businessmen upset about Panic of ‘93 began to invest overseas increasing total national exports from $392 million in 1870 to $1.4 billion in 1900

The Opening of JapanThe Opening of Japan

Trade with Asia would help USTrade with Asia would help US Japanese leaders wanted to be Japanese leaders wanted to be

isolated.isolated. President Pierce orders Commodore President Pierce orders Commodore

Perry to JapanPerry to Japan Japan accepted trade agreement Japan accepted trade agreement

(forced?)(forced?) Japan begins to changeJapan begins to change

Acquiring HawaiiAcquiring Hawaii

American missionaries (1820)American missionaries (1820)

Americans planters and the sugar tradeAmericans planters and the sugar trade

Hawaiian sugar exempted from tariffs Hawaiian sugar exempted from tariffs

(1875)(1875)

Pearl HarborPearl Harbor

““Bayonet Constitution” (1887)Bayonet Constitution” (1887)

Acquiring Hawaii cont.Acquiring Hawaii cont. McKinley Tariff (Tax on all non-US sugar McKinley Tariff (Tax on all non-US sugar

imported)imported) Queen LiluokalaniQueen Liluokalani A New Hawaiian Constitution?A New Hawaiian Constitution? Annexationists revolt (land owners)Annexationists revolt (land owners)

““The Hawaiian pear is now fully ripe The Hawaiian pear is now fully ripe and this is the golden hour for theand this is the golden hour for the U.S. U.S. to pluck it.”to pluck it.” American Minister to HawaiiAmerican Minister to Hawaii

A Modern NavyA Modern Navy

U.S. become more involved in World U.S. become more involved in World AffairsAffairs

Risk of WarRisk of War Impact of Admiral MahanImpact of Admiral Mahan The U.S. in 1890The U.S. in 1890