Circulatory System
• Transports nutrients and oxygen to the body cells
• Transports waste products (carbon dioxide, excess water, salts) away from the body cells
• Heart lungs heart cells
Structures of the Circulatory System
• Heart– Composed of cardiac muscle– Has 4 chambers to separate oxygen rich from
oxygen poor blood
• Arteries
• Veins
• Capillaries
Mitril Valve
Aortic Valve
Tricuspid Valve
Pulmonary Valve
Right Atrium
Left Atrium
Right Ventricle
Left Ventricle
Aorta (blood to body)
Superior Vena Cava(blood from body)
Pulmonary Artery(blood to lungs)
Pulmonary Veins(Blood from lungs)
Septum
Arteries
• Blood vessels which carry blood away from the heart
• Most arteries carry oxygen-rich blood
• Arteries are round with thick walls of smooth muscle
• Arteries are found deep within
the body
• Most are under high pressure
Veins
• Blood vessels which carry blood to the heart• Most veins carry oxygen-poor blood• Veins are oval shaped with thin muscular walls• Veins have valves to present the backward flow
of blood• Veins are located near the
surface of the body• Veins have a low pressure
Capillaries
• The tiniest of blood vessels which join arteries and veins
• Site of gas exchange (oxygen is given to the body cells and carbon dioxide is put into the bloodstream)
• Site where nutrients are given to the body cells and waste products (salts, excess water) are put into the blood stream
• Microscopic and thin walled
Blood
• Red Blood Cells– Small and disc shaped with no nucleus– Carries oxygen in the bloodstream, on hemoglobin– Make all new red blood cells every 14 days
• White Blood Cells– Small, amoeba-like in shape and movement– Fight infection and disease– Filter dead red blood cells from the blood stream– Has nucleus
More Blood
• Platelets– Tiny and colorless, look like torn pieces of
red blood cells– Proteins used to help repair injured blood vessels (“clot” blood)
• Plasma– Yellow colored fluid which makes up the majority of
blood– Composed of water, glucose, vitamins and minerals– Provides a medium through which blood cells can
move
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