IMPLEMENTATION OF GFCS ELEMENTS IN WMO REGIONAL ASSOCIATIONS
WMO OMM Global Framework for Climate Services (GFCS) Presentation to the 26 th CEOS Plenary at...
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Transcript of WMO OMM Global Framework for Climate Services (GFCS) Presentation to the 26 th CEOS Plenary at...
WMO OMMGlobal Framework for Climate Services (GFCS)
Presentation to the 26th CEOS Plenary at Bengaluru, India 24-27 October, 2012
--Challenges and Opportunity to the Space Community
Wenjian Zhang, Director, Observing and Information Systems Department
Director, WMO Space Programme, WMO
WMO OMM
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WMO Cg-16 (2011) Decisions on Five Key Priorities for 2012-2015
Global Framework for Climate Services (GFCS)
WMO Integrated Global Observing System/WMO Information System (WIGOS/WIS)
Capacity building Disaster Risk Reduction Aeronautical meteorology
GFCS Implementation Plan
Chapter 1: Introduction Annex 1: UIP
Chapter 2: Benefits from GFCS Annex 2: CSIS
Chapter 3: Issues to be addressed Annex 3: Obs & Mon
in implementation Annex 4: Res & Mod
Chapter 4: Implementation priorities Annex 5: Cap Dev
Chapter 5: Enabling mechanism
Chapter 6: Resources mobilization Exempl.: Water
Chapter 7: Conclusions and Exempl.: Dis.Risk Red.
recommendations Exempl.: Health
Exempl.: Agric./Food
Security
5
7
Consultation meetings
77
• User Interface Platform o Agricultural, Food Security and Water sectors (September
2011, FAO, Rome)o Disaster Risk Reduction and Health Stakeholders –WHO
(November 2011)• Climate Services Information System — (April 2011)• Observations and Monitoring (Chairman: Dr T. Mohr)
o 1st meeting for WMO and WMO cosponsored programs (GCOS, WCRP, UNSCO/IOC..) (August 2011)
o 2nd meeting addressing the user communities (in agriculture, Water, health, DRR, Space Agencies ) (December 2011)
• Capacity Building — Requirements of NMHSs for the GFCS (October 2011)
http://www.wmo.int/gfcs
WMO OMM
The following key challenges have been identified through widespread consultations with experts of key communities (similarity of challenges with GCOS)
• Accessibility: many countries do not have climate services at all, and all countries have scope to improve access to such services.
• Capacity: many countries lack the capacity to anticipate and manage climate related risks and opportunities.
• Data: the current availability and quality of climate observations and impacts data are inadequate for large parts of the globe.
• Partnership: interactions between climate service users and providers are not always well developed, and user requirements are not always adequately understood and addressed.
• Quality: operational climate services are lagging advances in climate and applications sciences, and the spatial and temporal resolution of information is often insufficient to match user requirements.
WMO OMM
GFCS needs –Systemic observationsObserving the Earth as a Total System
CirculationSurface WindsPrecipitationReflection and TransmissionSurface TemperatureEvaporationCurrentsUpwelling
CirculationSurface WindsPrecipitationReflection and TransmissionSurface TemperatureEvaporationCurrentsUpwelling
InfiltrationInfiltrationRunoffRunoffNutrient LoadingNutrient LoadingSurface TemperatureSurface TemperatureCurrentsCurrents
InfiltrationInfiltrationRunoffRunoffNutrient LoadingNutrient LoadingSurface TemperatureSurface TemperatureCurrentsCurrents
Surface WindsPrecipitationReflection and TransmissionEvaporationTranspirationSurface Temperature
Surface WindsPrecipitationReflection and TransmissionEvaporationTranspirationSurface Temperature
LandLand
Ocean
Atmosphere
WMO OMM
Tiksi, Russia
Alert, Canada
Barrow, Alaska
Eureka, Canada
Summit, Greenland
Ny-Alesund, Svalbard
Establishing IntensiveAtmospheric ObservatoriesIn the Arctic
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INTERACTIONS BETWEEN THE PHYSICAL CLIMATE, GREENHOUSE GASES, AEROSOLS, GAS-PHASE ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY, ECOSYSTEM DYNAMICS, LAND USE, AND THE WATER SYSTEM
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The GFCS initially focused priority areasProvide opportunities for new partnership to address new observational requirements through user communities
Agriculture Water
HealthDisaster Risk Reduction
http://www.wmo.int/gfcs
Exemplary Grand Challenges: DroughtsSatellite monitoring of soil moisture can support argiculture/food
secruity, DRR, Water and health
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WCRP Workshop on Drought Predictability and Prediction in a Changing Climate Barcelona, March 2011
Three Major Recommendations:
1. Drought Catalogue Summarizing key drivers of global drought events.
2. Case StudiesFocusing on large-scale and regional issues in areas
where drought is a key issue.
3. Develop Drought Early Warning System
WMO OMMWhy should the health sector engage?
Meteorological conditions affect some of the largest disease burdens:
- Undernutrition kills 3.5 million/yr
- Diarrhoea kills 2.2 million/yr
- Malaria kills 900,000/yr-Hydrometeorological extremes kill 10s of thousands, and cause multiple other health effects
© World Meteorological Organization
90% of events 70% of casualties 75% of economic losses
Hydro-met and climate related!
Tsunami1%
Wild Fires 2%
Windstorm 43%
Earthquake22%
Drought5%
Extreme Temp.
2%Flood 25%
Global Distribution of Disasters Caused by
Natural Hazards and their Impacts (1980-2007)
Source: EM-DAT: The OFDA/CRED International Disaster Database - www.em-dat.net - Université Catholique de Louvain - Brussels - Belgiumc
Economic losses
Loss of lifeNumber ofevents
Volcano1,6%
Tsunami0,4%
Epidemic, insects13%
Wild Fires 3%
Windstorm 27%
Earthquake8%
Drought5%
Extreme Temp.
4%
Flood 33%
Slides 5%
Volcano1%Tsunami
12%Epidemic,
insects10%
Windstorm 15%
Earthquake16%
Drought30%
Extreme Temp.
5% Flood 10%
© World Meteorological Organization
While economic losses are on the way up!
Source: EM-DAT: The OFDA/CRED International Disaster Database
0.05
2.66
0.17
1.73
0.39
0.65
0.22 0.25
0.67
0.22
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
56-65 66-75 76-85 86-95 96-05
Geological
Hydrometeorological
Millions of casualties per decade
decade
Loss of life from hydro-
meteorological disasters are decreasing!
4 11 1424
47
88
160
345
103
495
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
56-65 66-75 76-85 86-95 96-05
Geological
Hydrometeorological
Billions of USD per decade
decade
© World Meteorological Organization
National Multi-Hazard Early Warning Systemsneed strong support from space observations
National to local disaster risk reduction plans, legislation and coordination mechanisms
1 2
3 4
© World Meteorological Organization
Space Architecture
The satellite operators represented in CEOS and CGMS, and
WMO and GEO agreed early 2011 to develop an architecture
for monitoring climate from space.
The architecture will have the following functional components:- Analysis of user requirements- Observing capacities- ECV product generation- Data management, access and dissemination- User interface- Coordination and governance
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GCOSRequire-ments
Otherrequire-ments, e.g.GFCS
ClimateSystem Monitor.
GFCS
UNFCC,IPCC
CEOS and CGMS members are the backbone of the Space Architecture
WMO OMMWWMOMO IINTEGRATED NTEGRATED GGLOBAL LOBAL OOBSERVING BSERVING SSYSTEM YSTEM (WIGOS)(WIGOS)
WMO Global Observing Systems
Global Observing Systems (WWW/GOS) RBSN, RBCN (>10,000 stations,1,000 upper-air) AMDAR (39754/day) Ship & Marine obs (30417/day) Surface-based remote sensing Meso-scale networks
WMO Space Programme Global Atmospheric Watch (GAW) World Hydrological Cycle Observing System (WHYCOS) WMO Co-sponsored Observing Systems
GCOS, GOOS, GTOS
WMO OMM
Need an Integrated Global Observing System meet all
requirements
WMO Congress-15/16 decisions to Implement
WWMOMO IINTEGRATED NTEGRATED GGLOBAL LOBAL
OOBSERVING BSERVING SSYSTEM YSTEM (WIGOS)(WIGOS)
The key word of WIGOS = Integration
The whole is more than the sum of the parts--Aristotle
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• WMO with its Members, bodies and co-sponsored programmes will provide only a component needed to build the framework
• GFCS is a global collective effort being built in collaboration with UN family and GEO, Space partners (CEOS & CGMS) and all relevant stakeholders
A Space Architecture: a key component of GFCS.
The contribution of WMO to the Development of GFCS
http://www.wmo.int/gfcs
WIS
WMO OMM
Great advances in Global and Regional Numerical Weather Forecasts: Credit of WMOFurther advances in the Realm of Climate need broader international collaborations
WMO OMM
The 26th CEOS Plenary – Bengaluru, India - 24-27 October, 2012
Thank you
Global Framework for Climate Services (GFCS) Office
For more information on GFCS, kindly contact:Global Framework for Climate Services (GFCS) OfficeWorld Meteorological Organization Tel: 41.22.730.8579Fax: 41.22.730.8037Email: [email protected] http://www.wmo.int/gfcs
WMO OMM
Different Views of Requirements
Datasets
Products
Observation &Monitoring
InstrumentsSpecifications: Instrument type, Orbit, Scanning mode, Spectral bands, Channel width, SNR, …
Observational requirements:Geophysical variable, Unit, Domain, Spatial resolution, Temporal resolution, Uncertainty …
Source, Format,Projection, Segmentation, Quality flag, Compression,Metadata…
Product requirements: Type (numerical, graphical, binary, alert), Algorithm, Spatial/temporal resolution, Quality control
Service requirements: Content, Presentation, Delivery media, Timeliness, Continuity, User support, Training, .. Services
USERS’ needs
USERS’ satisfaction
WMO OMM Space Architecture (3)
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A first step is to document the current and planned implementation arrangements, ECV-by-ECV, by the individual satellite agencies. (An inventory of the current and planned long-term production of Thematic Climate Data Records at the level of individual satellite agencies).
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Architecture (4) The next step will be the identification of the satellite constellations in terms of instruments and orbits required for providing the relevant satellite data sets for the production of ECVs and extreme events
In parallel some considerations on the necessary governance structure for the implementation phase is needed