Warm-ups (Ch.7 – 09/13) In 1849, miners discovered a precious substance in California: gold....
Transcript of Warm-ups (Ch.7 – 09/13) In 1849, miners discovered a precious substance in California: gold....
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Warm-ups (Ch.7 – 09/13)Warm-ups (Ch.7 – 09/13)
• In 1849, miners discovered a precious substance in California: gold. Within a year, prospectors flocked to California determined to strike it rich.– QUESTION: Write a paragraph explaining
that you have “gold fever” and are headed to California to make your fortune.
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Conflict with Conflict with Native AmericansNative Americans
Chapter 7, Section 2Chapter 7, Section 2
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Life of the Plains IndiansLife of the Plains Indians
• Buffalo – used every part
• Farmers, hunters and gatherers
• Horses – trading and raids –Nomads – people who travel
from place to place (followed food source)
–Warrior societies
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Indian WarsIndian Wars
• Causes of Clashes–Native American traditions: land
was sacred
–Settlers felt justified in taking land b/c they could make it productive
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Government PolicyGovernment Policy• Making Treaties
–Produced misunderstandings & fraud• basically took land w/o asking
• Most “Chiefs” didn’t know what they were signing
• Widespread corruption
–Placed Indians on reservations
–Indian react with frustration and anger
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Battlefield ChallengesBattlefield Challenges• Soldier’s Life on the Frontier
–$13 a month
–Leftover Civil War uniform
–Rotten food
–Duties: build forts, escort the mail, protect miners, stop gunfights, prevent liquor smuggling and stagecoach robbery and occasionally….fight Indians
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The Sand Creek Massacre, 1864The Sand Creek Massacre, 1864
• Players: Southern Cheyenne, Arapaho, Black Kettle, Colonel John Chivington
• Place: Central Plains
• Cheyenne massacres prompt Chivington to kill up to 500 surrendered Cheyenne and Arapaho led by Black Kettle
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The Sand Creek Massacre, 1864
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Battle of Little Bighorn, 1876Battle of Little Bighorn, 1876• Players: Sioux, Sitting Bull, Crazy Horse,
Red Cloud, Lt. Colonel George A. Custer• Place: Northern Plains, Dakota,
Wyoming, and Montana territories• U.S. tries to buy gold-rich Black Hills
from Sioux; talks fail; Custer’s cavalry is sent to round up Sioux, but meets huge enemy force; Custer and some 200 men perish in “Custer’s Last Stand”
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The Battle of Wounded Knee, 1890The Battle of Wounded Knee, 1890
• Players: Sioux, Sitting Bull, U.S. 7th Cavalry
• Place: Pine Ridge Reservation, South Dakota
• Ghost Dance raises fears of Sioux uprising; Sitting Bull killed in attempted arrest; His followers surrender and camp at Wounded Knee; Shots are fired; some 200 Sioux die
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The Battle of Wounded Knee, 1890
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New PoliciesNew Policies• Attempts to change their culture
–Assimilation: the process by which one society by adopting its culture
–Dawes Act: divided reservation land into individual plots ( In hopes, to make families self-supportive, create pride and ownership.)
– PROBLEM: Most reservation land was unsuitable for farming! Most Indians had no interest or experience in farming
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Indians Indians “Civilized”“Civilized”
Indians Indians “Civilized”“Civilized”
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Buffalo Buffalo ExterminatedExterminated
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Opening Indian TerritoryOpening Indian Territory
• April 22, 1889– Oklahoma Land Rush: Settlers
rushed at the sound of a bugle to find a piece of land
– Boomers: settlers who staked claims
– Sooners: people who sneaked by the government officials to stake their claim
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Native Americans See:-
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Pioneers see:-
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