U.S.A. Civil War 1861-1865

4 main causes of the Civil War

Cause #1• Slavery and human rights–Moral issue–Abolitionists (want end of slavery)–“All men are created equal?”

 Cause #2-Preserving the Union

• President Lincoln’s goal–Avoid two different countries

(North and South)•Constant argument•2 different systems•Could be future enemies

Abraham Lincoln 16th President

Lincoln quote

"My paramount object in this struggle is to save the Union, and is not either to save or to destroy slavery. If I could save the Union without freeing any slave I would do it, and if I could save it by freeing all the slaves I would do it; and if I could save it by freeing some and leaving others alone I would also do that.”

 Cause #3-Economics

• Slaves considered property • Slaves = 33% of South's population• If slaves were gone owners would

lose money

Cause #4-States’ rights

• South wanted authority over the federal government–Want to ignore federal laws they

did not like–Want to keep slaves for plantations–Want to take slaves wherever they

wished

KIMS Vocab

• Emancipate• Secede•Breach•Rout

2 Newspapers

• Who wrote them: North or South? How can you tell?• Who would oppose these headlines?

Why?

Newspaper #1

Newspaper #2

• North-Anaconda Plan– Blockade of the Southern ports/advance down

the Mississippi River to cut the South in two.

Union States (North)

• Delaware, Kentucky, California, Connecticut, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Maine, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Vermont, West Virginia, Missouri, and Wisconsin.

Confederate States (South)

Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, South Carolina, Texas, Arkansas, North Carolina, Tennessee and Virginia

Northern Advantages• More

railroads/factories• More money• A functioning

government, an army, and a navy

• 2/3rds of nation’s population

• Anaconda Plan

Southern Advantages• Many military colleges• Best military leaders• Military tactics• South just has to

defend• War of attrition • Preserve way of life • Want right to self-

government.

• North-Anaconda Plan– Blockade of the Southern ports/advance down

the Mississippi River to cut the South in two.

Start of War• South states leaving Union (North)• Fort Sumter (South Carolina)–Federal fort•Does Lincoln resupply it?

Fort Sumter• Lincoln resupplies Fort–South attacks fort before Lincoln sends

supplies• Lincoln responds by getting militia

troops to stop uprising in South Carolina

Soldier’s Life• More than 2 million soldiers in North were age

21 or under when they joined army• Older soldiers filled more specialized roles• Some teenagers lied about their age

First Bull Run• Manassas, Virginia• Confederate victory• Civil War will NOT BE a quick war

First Bull Run• Fighting will be bloody– Over 4,000 Casualties

• South will fight fiercely to defend their way of life

Antietam• Antietam creek Maryland• First battle in North• North stops South

Antietam• Bloodiest day in American history• Over 22,000 casualties

Abraham Lincoln

Jefferson DavisPresident of the Confederate States

Propaganda

• Create political propaganda poster using person you starred on your sheet– 1 for North OR 1 for South.• Colored picture• Slogan– EXAMPLE: “We can do it”

• Put your name on the back• Describe how your poster reflects the North or

South’s politics on the back in 7 sentences

• Frederick Douglass-Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave-First African American nominated for Vice President

Frederick Douglass

• "I would unite with anybody to do right and with nobody to do wrong."

North Star Newspaper

Sojourner Truth • Abolitionist • Women's rights

Sojourner Truth • Born a slave• Recruited black troops for Union Army• Wanted land from government for former slaves

Meaning of July Fourth for the Negro

Slavery is not divine. God did not establish it; That which is inhuman, cannot be divine!

Political Cartoon Analysis

Women in the Civil War

Harriet Tubman

• Underground Railroad's • 19 trips into the South • Freed over 300 slaves • “Never lost a single passenger"

Harriet Tubman

• $40,000 reward for her• Used carriages• Medicine used on baby if it gave away hiding spot

Susie King Taylor

• 1st black teacher in freedmen's school for African Americas

• Nurse and teacher– Not paid– Learned on the job

• Autobiography

Clara Barton• Nurse• Supply wagons- Battle of Antietam• Aid to Union soldiers/Confederate prisoners

Clara Barton

• Sent letters to families after locating missing soldiers• 1st President of Red Cross

1.What do you see in the cartoon?2. Who do you think wrote the cartoon and why?3. Who is the cartoon created for (who would read it)?4. What is the overall message of the cartoon?