Unit G1- Environmental Chemistry Rocks & Soils Form Group 3G 27th November 2006.
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Transcript of Unit G1- Environmental Chemistry Rocks & Soils Form Group 3G 27th November 2006.
![Page 1: Unit G1- Environmental Chemistry Rocks & Soils Form Group 3G 27th November 2006.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032415/56649efc5503460f94c0f458/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Unit G1- Environmental ChemistryUnit G1- Environmental Chemistry
Rocks & SoilsRocks & Soils
Form Group 3GForm Group 3G
27th November 200627th November 2006
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What is a Rock?What is a Rock?
A rock is a naturally occurring aggregate of minerals. They are classified by mineral and chemical composition, by the texture of the constituent particles and by the processes that formed them.
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Types of RocksTypes of Rocks
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Rock TypesRock TypesType Examples Characteristics
Sedimentary
-Sandstone-Limestone
Grainy and Crubly. They may contain fossils.
Metamorphic
-Slate-Marble
-Small crystals in layers (or bands). Hard and smooth.
Igneous -Basalt
-Granite
-Small crystals due to fast cooling. Hard rocks.-Large crystals due to slow cooling. Hard rocks.
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Weathering?Weathering?
Process of disintegration of rocks, soils and their minerals through direct, or indirect contact with the atmosphere.
PhysicalChemical Biologica
l
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Physical WeatheringPhysical Weathering
Effect of the sun
• During the day the rocks are warmed up and expand while...
• ...at night they cool down and contract.
Rocks cracking and eventually breaking
up.
Effect of freezing water
• Any water which gets into cracks in rocks will expand when it freezes.
• Cracks will get bigger and bigger...
The rock will break up into smaller pieces
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Chemical WeatheringChemical Weathering
Due to chemical reactions between substances in the rock and acidic rainwater.
e.g. Acid Rain
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Biological WeatheringBiological Weathering
Due to the actions of plants and animals.
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About Soils...About Soils...
• Soils forms when the rocks are physically and chemically weathered over the years.
6 different components:1 – Rock Particles2 – Mineral Salts3 – Humus4 – Water5 – Air6 – Living organisms
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Soil TypesSoil Types
1. Sandy
2. Clay
3. Loam or Silt