The Swine Industry
description
Transcript of The Swine Industry
The Swine Industry
Objectives
Understand importance of the swine industry
Overview of the structure of the swine industry
Become familiar with termsBreeds
Swine Industry: Structural Overview
Concentrated in the MidwestArea of major corn and soybean
productionMajor feed ingredients- complementary
of each other
Corn Production
Primary Energy Source= Corn
Soybean Production
Primary Protein Source= Soybean
Concentration in Midwest
Why not expand?Environmental Issues/ConcernsWhy Midwest?
Large open land massSparse populationReceptive to agriculturePrecedent: Feedlots
Vertical Integration
What is vertical integration?Integrating several stages of production
into single management of one organization
SeedstockFarrow to FinishPacker/Processor
Sectors of the Swine Industry
Seedstock ProductionSell breeding stock (boars and gilts)Supply the genetic base for changeTraditional Producers: produce
purebred stock for use in crossbreeding programs
Hybrid: carefully orchestrated crossbred
Feeder Pig Production
Maintain breeding herdProduct sold: feeder pigs
40 to 60 lbs.2 months of age
Farrowing
Process of sow/gilt giving birthFarrowing stalls:
Protect baby pigProvide dual heat
Drip coolers for sow Heat pads/lamps for pigs
Feeder Pig Production
Production FactorsReproductive PerformanceAverage of 2.5 litters/yrWeaned litter size of 10-12 pigs21 day litter weight- reflects milk
production
Feeder Pig Production
Reproductive Traits are lowly heritableMust properly manage the environmentMinimize diseaseProvide disease adequate nutrition
Grower-Finisher Operations
Purchase Feeder PigsProduct sold: market hogs
Sold at 250 lbs5-6 months of age
Average daily Gain (ADG) 2 lbsFeed Conversion: 3 lbs of feed to 1 lb of
gain
Grower-Finisher Operations
Who’s leaner? Gilts or BarrowsWho eats more feed? Gilts or BarrowsWho grows faster? Gilts or BarrowsWho is more efficient? Gilts or Barrows
Terms
Gilt: Young FemaleSow: Mature FemaleBoar pig: Young, Intact MaleBoar: Mature, Intact MaleBarrow: Young, Castrated MaleStag: Mature, Castrated Male
Terms
Farrowing: Act of giving birthWeaning: Withdrawing young from
mother’s milk
Landrace
WhiteLong BodiedFloppy EarsMothering Ability
Berkshire
Black with 6 white pointsCarcass
Duroc
RedFloppy EarsMothering abilityGrowth Rate
Hampshire
Black with white beltErect EarsMuscle and Carcass Leaness
Spotted
Black and whiteHas Spots!Efficient Gains