The Periodic TableMiss FoggFall 2015

The Development of the Periodic Table

• TedEd: The Periodic Table• Record 3-5 things you learn…

Periodic Table of the Elements

• Not all atoms are the same…• Different elements have different numbers of

protons

• Periodic table organizes each element into a chart

Periodic Table of the Elements

Periodic Table of the Elements

• Periodic table - 1869 by Dimitri Mendeleev:• A chart (chemist's road map) of elements arranged by

atomic number• Classified by the number of protons in the nucleus

• Arranged from left to right• Each having one more proton and electron than the

preceding element

© 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.

How to read the periodic table

How to read the periodic table

• You will need to be able to find the following information for any element:• # of protons = atomic #• # of electrons (neutral atom) = atomic #• # of neutrons = atomic weight – atomic #• # of electron shells = period # (row #)• # of valence electrons = group # (column #)

• Electrons exist within distinct electron shells/orbitals (they don’t just float around randomly)

• The valence electrons (those found on the outer most shell) are the ones that participate in reactions.

How to Read the Periodic Table

• Even though they skip some squares in between, all of the rows go left to right. When you look at a periodic table, each of the rows is considered to be a different period (Get it? Like PERIODic table.)

•quoted from http://www.chem4kids.com/files/elem_pertable.html

Periods = Rows

• All of the elements in a period have the same number of ELECTRON SHELLS.• The row # = # of electron shells• ie: Helium in row 1 has 1 electron shell• ie: Carbon in row 2 has 2 electron shells

Periods = Rows• Electrons are found on distinct shells

• There can only be a certain # of electrons per shell:

Electron Orbital Rules:

Group = column

• Elements in the same column have the same # of valence electrons

• Valence electrons = a certain # of electrons found on the outer most shell