The Convention on Long-range Transboundary Air Pollution and EMEP (The Cooperative Programme for...
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Transcript of The Convention on Long-range Transboundary Air Pollution and EMEP (The Cooperative Programme for...
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The Convention on Long-range Transboundary Air Pollution
and EMEP (The Cooperative Programme for Monitoring and Evaluation of the Long-range Transmission of Air Pollutants in Europe)
Henning WuesterSecretariat of the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe
http://www.unece.org/env/lrtap (for information on the Convention)
http://www.emep.int (for scientific work of EMEP)
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The coverage of the Convention on Long-range Transboundary Air Pollution (48 Parties)
EE
LV
LT
BYPL
UA
ROHU
BG
TRGRAZ
GE
AMKG
FI
CY
SENO
DK
DENL
IE
ESPT
IT
CHAT
GB
HR
BA
AL MK
FR
BECZ
MD
SK
SI
YU
L
RU
KZ
TMUZ
TJ
U
Artic Ocean
Atlantic Ocean
Pacific Ocean
CA
US
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EE
LV
LT
BYPL
UA
ROHU
BG
TRGRAZ
GE
AMKG
FI
CY
SENO
DK
DENL
IE
ESPT
IT
CHAT
GB
HR
BA
AL MK
FR
BECZ
MD
SK
SI
YU
LU.KZ
RU
TMUZ
TJ
Artic Ocean
Atlantic Ocean
Pacific Ocean
CA
US
The 38 Parties to the EMEP Protocol of 1984
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The geographic scope of EMEP
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1985 Protocol on the Reduction of Sulphur Emissions by at least 30 per cent, 22 Parties
1988 Protocol on the Control of Emissions of Nitrogen Oxides, 28 Parties
1991 Protocol on the Control of Emissions of Volatile Organic Compounds, 20 Parties
1994 Protocol on Further Reduction of Sulphur Emissions, 23 Parties
The Protocols in force:
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The new Protocols (not yet in force):
1998 Protocol on Heavy Metals, 36 Signatories, 9 ratifications
1998 Protocol on Persistent Organic Pollutants, 36 Signatories, 6 ratifications
1999 Gothenburg Protocol to Abate Acidification, Eutrophication and Ground-level Ozone, 31 Signatories
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The main priorities for the Convention
Review and extension of existing protocols; Implementation of and compliance with
existing agreements. These two policy-related tasks should be based on
sound scientific support from three core activities: Atmospheric measurements and modelling; Effects; and Integrated assessment, including modelling
and economic benefit evaluation.
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P rog ram m eC oord ina t ing C entre
P rog ram m eC entre
C oo rd ina t ion C entrefo r E ffec ts
M a in R esea rchC entre
P rog ram m eC entre
P rog ram m eC entre
Im p lem en ta tion C om m ittee
IC PF ores ts
Task F orce
IC PIn teg ra ted M on ito rin g
Task F orce
IC PM ap p in g
Task F orce
IC PM ateria ls
Task F orce
IC PV eg eta tionTask F orce
IC PW aters
Task F orce
Task F orceH ea lth
W ork in g G rou p onE ffec ts
Task F orceE m iss ion s In ven tories
an d P ro jec tion s
Task F orceM easu rem en tan d M od e llin g
C h em ica lC oord in a tin g
C en tre
M eteoro log ica lS yn th es iz in gC en tre-W es t
M eteoro log ica lS yn th es iz in gC en tre-E as t
Task F orceIn teg ra ted
A ssessm en t M od e llin g
C en treIn teg ra ted
A ssessm en t M od e llin g
E M E PS teerin g B od y
A d h ocexp ert g rou pon am m on ia
A d h ocexp ert g rou p
on P O P s
N etwork o f E xp ertson B en efits an d
E con om ic In s tru m en ts
Task F orceB y-p rod u c ts
H M s an d P O P s
W ork in g G rou p onS tra teg ies an d R eview
Executive Body
Intergovernmental bodies, expert groups and scientific centres under the Convention
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EMEP: some history
The Cooperative Programme for Monitoring and Evaluation of the Long-range Transmission of Air Pollutants in Europe (EMEP) was initiated in 1974.
In 1977 EMEP was adopted as a special programme under the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe.
Operated under the Convention on Long-range Transboundary Air Pollution since the Convention entered into force in 1983.
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EMEP: the vision
EMEP will continue to be the main science-based and policy-driven instrument for international cooperation in:
atmospheric monitoring and modelling; emission inventories and projections; and integrated assessment
to help solve transboundary air pollution problems
EMEP Strategy 2000-2009
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EMEP: 5 principles (1)
SCIENCE - EMEP establishes sound scientific evidence and provides guidance to underpin, develop and evaluate environmental policies;
PARTNERSHIP - EMEP fosters international partnership to find solutions to environmental problems;
ORGANIZATION - EMEP is organized to integrate information on emissions, environmental quality, effects and abatement options, and to provide the basis for solutions;
EMEP Strategy 2000-2009
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EMEP: 5 principles (2)
OPENNESS - EMEP encourages the open use of intellectual resources and products;
SHARING - EMEP is transparent and shares information and expertise with research programmes, expert institutions, national and international organizations, and environmental agreements.
EMEP Strategy 2000-2009
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Recognize the differences
SO2 emissions per capita
0
0.05
0.1
0.15
0.2
Asia
Europe
USA
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The emission reductions under the Gothenburg Protocol
Canada and the United States will bring in their emission reduction obligations upon ratification
Based on bilateral negotiations of an ozone annex to the 1991 Agreement
To cover SO2, NOx, and VOCs
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The multi-pollutant, multi-effect approach of the Gothenburg Protocol extended by PM
Primary
PMPM pollution
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Plan for preparatory work for the Gothenburg Protocol review
Broad timing: Aimed at supporting negotiations on revising the
Gothenburg Protocol in 2004 2003 reserved for testing and sensitivity
analysis Results of specialized studies and new data
should be available by 2002 2001 for preparatory work
This work also has to prepare the scientific basis for a decision on how to deal with transcontinental transport.
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Summary
The Convention and EMEP have provided a useful framework for cooperation on atmospheric science and policy.
To enhance such cooperation, especially beyond Europe, is of high priority.
The ambitious tasks for the Gothenburg Protocol review can only be accomplished in cooperation, including between Europe and North America.
One of these tasks is to assess the importance of transcontinental atmospheric transport.