The cell theory and the microscopes 4º ESO IES Pedro de Luna -ZARAGOZA
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Transcript of The cell theory and the microscopes 4º ESO IES Pedro de Luna -ZARAGOZA
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The cell theory and the microscopes
By: Marina Járboles, Cristina Alierta and Pilar Ballesteros.
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The cell theory
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The cell theory
• Formulated by:
• Other scientists that contributed:
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The cell theory
• It states that:• 1) All living things are made up of cells.
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• 2) Cells are the basic structural and functional unit of life.
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• A good example will be this dog:
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• 3) Cells come from pre-existing cells by division.
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New statements:
• 4) Energy flow occurs within cells.
Reaction of cellular respiration
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• 5) Hereditary information (DNA) is passed on from cell to cell.
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• Eukaryotic cells division
• Prokaryotic cells division:
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• 6) All cells have the same basic chemical composition.
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Activity • Say which of this statements belong to the
original theory and which ones are new:
• Cells come from pre-existing cells by division.• All cells have the same basic chemical
composition.• Hereditary information (DNA) is passed on from
cell to cell.• All living things are made up of cells.• Cells are the basic structural and functional unit
of life.• Energy flow occurs within cells.
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Answer• Original theory:• Cells come from pre-existing cells by division.• All living things are made up of cells.• Cells are the basic structural and functional unit of life.
• New statements:• Energy flow occurs within cells.• All cells have the same basic chemical composition.• Hereditary information (DNA) is passed on from cell to
cell.
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Important scientists in cell theory• 1) Robert Hooke• 2) Antony Van Leeuwenhoek• 3) Robert Brown• 4) Mattias Schleiden• 5) Theodor Schwann• 6) Rudolph Virchow
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1. Robert Hooke• 1635-1703
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• In 1665 he published “Micrographia”
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•The first to identify and name a cell
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2. Antony Van Leeuwenhoek• 1632-1723• Made better lenses
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Red blood cells as he saw themWhite blood cell
•The first to observe a living cell
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Bacteria in his saliva Dog sperm Human sperm
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3. Robert Brown• 1773-1857• He discovered the nucleus of cells
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4. Mattias Schleiden• 1804-1881• First to note that all plants were made up
of cells
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5. Theodor Schwann• 1810-1882• Concluded that all living things were made
up of cells
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6. Rudolph Virchow• 1821- 1902• Proposed that cells come from other cells
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Cell theory• 1. All living things are made up of cells.• 2. Cells are the basic structural and
functional unit of life.• 3. Cells come from pre-existing cells by
division.
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• This is how an eukaryotic animal cell would look like:
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Activity• Say the name of the scientists who
contributed with the cell theory in order
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Answer• 1. Hooke• 2. Van Leeuwenhoek• 3. Brown• 4. Schleiden• 5. Schwann• 6. Virchow
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Major contibutions to the cell theory
• Say how do you think each scientist contributed to the creation of the cell theory:
• Hooke• Van Leeuwenhoek• Brown• Schleiden• Schwann• Virchow
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Major contibutions to the cell theory
• Hooke: The first to identify and name a cell• Van Leeuwenhoek: Made better lenses and was
the first to observe a living cell• Brown: He discovered the nucleus of cells• Schleiden: First to note that all plants were made
up of cells• Schwann: Concluded that all living things were
made up of cells• Virchow: Proposed that cells come from other
cells
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The microscopes
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Definition
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History of microscopes
• 1st century AD• Magnifiers
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• 1590’s• Zacharias Janssen and his father Hans
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• Antony Van Leeuwenhoek
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• Hooke
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True or false• Hooke was the first man to make a real
microscope• Hooke was the first man to use a three-
lens configuration in a microscope• There are still some Jansen’s microscopes• Romans invented microscopes
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• Hooke was the first man to make a real microscope: False
• Hooke was the first man to use a three-lens configuration in a microscope: True
• There are still some Jansen’s microscopes: False
• Romans invented microscopes: False
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Types of microscopes
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1. Optical microscopes• 1.1 Compound microscope• 1.2 Stereo microscope• 1.3 Confocal microscope
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1.1 Compound microscope
Fresh water shrimp, Gammarus
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1.2 Stereo microscope
Cell division in a frog’s egg
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1.3 Confocal microscope
Aquatic worm
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Activity• Join the microscope name with its picture
Confocal microscope
Stereo microscope
Compound microscope
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Answer
Confocal microscope
Stereo microscope
Compound microscope
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2. Electron microscopes2.1 Transmission Microscope
2.2 Scanning Electron Microscope
2.3 Reflection Electron Microscope
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2.1 Transmission electron Microscope
Lung tissue
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2.2 Scanning Electron Microscope
Pollen
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Activity• Join the microscope name and the image
you can see through it
Scanning electron microscope
Transmission electron microscope
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Answer
Scanning electron microscope
Transmission electron microscope
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2.3 Reflection Electron Microscope
• 2.3.1 X-ray Microscope • 2.3.2 Scanning Helium Ion Microscope• 2.3.3 Scanning acoustic microscope • 2.3.4 Scanning Probe Microscopes
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2.3.1 X-ray Microscope
Bacteria
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2.3.2 Scanning Helium Ion Microscope
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2.3.3 Scanning acoustic microscope
Lymph node
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2.3.4 Scanning Probe Microscopes
Purple membrane
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Activity• Join the microscope name with its picture
• X-ray Microscope
• Scanning Helium Ion Microscope
• Scanning acoustic microscope
• Scanning Probe Microscopes
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Answer• Join the microscope name with its picture
• X-ray Microscope
• Scanning Helium Ion Microscope
• Scanning acoustic microscope
• Scanning Probe Microscopes
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• Now lets see if you can solve this crossword:
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• Finally lets see if you remember some of the microscope parts:
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The end