The Age of Imperialism, 1850–1914 QUIT Chapter Overview Time Line Visual Summary SECTION...

The Age of Imperialism, 1850–1914

QUIT

Chapter OverviewChapter Overview

Time LineTime Line

Visual SummaryVisual Summary

SECTION Imperialists Divide Africa 1

SECTION Patterns of Change: Imperialism2

SECTION Muslim Lands Fall to Imperialist Demands 3

SECTION British Imperialism in India 4

SECTION Western Powers Rule Southeast Asia 5

27CHAPTER

MAP

GRAPH

HOME

Chapter Overview

Western imperialists, with superior arms and technology, establish colonies in Asia and Africa. The Europeans export finished goods to the colonies and import raw materials and cash crops. Colonial rule provokes native resistance movements.

27CHAPTER The Age of Imperialism,

1850–1914

1858 Britain establishes direct rule over India.

1869 Suez Canal completed.

1884-1885 Berlin Conference sets rules for African colonization.

27CHAPTER

Time Line

1850 1914

HOME

The Age of Imperialism, 1850–1914

1850 European trading with Africa well-established.

1898 United States acquires Philippines, annexes Hawaii.

1899 Boer War begins in South Africa.

Western European nations race to divide Africa among themselves. They draw territorial boundaries without regard to Africans’ ethnic, linguistic, and cultural divisions.

OverviewOverview AssessmentAssessment

Key Idea

Imperialists Divide Africa

1HOME

MAIN IDEA WHY IT MATTERS NOW

Ignoring the claims of African ethnic groups, kingdoms, and city-states, Europeans established colonial claims.

African nations continue to feel the effects of the colonial presence of 100 years ago.

Overview


1

AssessmentAssessment

• imperialism

• racism

• Social Darwinism

• Berlin Conference 1884–85

• Shaka

• Boer

• Great Trek

• Boer War

TERMS & NAMES

HOME

1. Look at the graphic to help organize your thoughts. List the four motives that caused the growth of imperialism during the late 1800s.


1

Section 1 Assessment

continued . . .

HOME

Imperialism

economic competition nationalism

racismmissionary impulse

2. What can you infer about the Europeans’ attitude toward Africans from the Berlin Conference? THINK ABOUT

Section


1

1 Assessment

• who attended the conference • the outcome of the conference

ANSWERANSWER

Because only Europeans attended the conference, it can be inferred that they felt Africans were inferior and had no rights and that Europeans were entitled to divide Africa among themselves.

Possible Response:

HOME

End of Section 1

Europeans use colonies, protectorates, spheres of influence, economic imperialism, and different patterns of management to control African colonies. African resistance movements emerge in response.


Key Idea

Imperialism 2HOME

CASE STUDY: Nigeria PATTERNS

OF CHANGE

Imperialism2HOME


OF CHANGE

Europeans embarked on a new phase of empire-building that affected both Africa and the rest of the world.

Many former colonies have political problems that are the result of colonial rule.

Overview


• paternalism

• assimilation

• Menelik IIMAIN IDEA WHY IT MATTERS NOW

TERMS & NAMES

1. Look at the graphic to help organize your thoughts. Explain how Europeans controlled and managed other areas of the world.

continued . . .

Imperialism 2HOME


OF CHANGE

European Imperialism

Forms of Control

Management Methods

Colony, protectorate, sphere of influence, economic imperialism

Direct control, indirect control


ANSWERANSWER

Inventions from the Industrial Revolution enabled Europeans to conquer Africa. They reached the interior using steamboats and railroads. Telegraphs and telephones gave them rapid communications. New weapons and quinine to treat malaria enabled European armies to defeat all other armies.

Possible Response:

2. Do you think Europeans could have conquered Africa if the Industrial Revolution had never occurred? Explain your answer. THINK ABOUT

• the limited role of Europeans in Africa until the late 1800s

• what inventions changed Europeans’ ability to enter Africa

End of Section 2

Imperialism 2HOME


OF CHANGE


After the death of Suleiman I, European nations divide the Ottoman Empire. A combined British-French-Ottoman force defeats the Russians in the Crimean War, and the British seize the Suez Canal.


Key Idea

3HOME

Muslim Lands Fall to Imperialist Demands

European nations expanded their empires by seizing territories from Muslim states.

Political events in this vital resource area are still influenced by actions from the imperialistic period.

Overview


• geopolitics

• Crimean War

• Suez Canal

3


TERMS & NAMES

HOME


3

1. Look at the graphic to help organize your thoughts. Record at least three details that support the following idea: “Muslim states failed to keep European imperialists out of their lands.”


continued . . .

HOME


Muslim states failed to keep European imperialists out of their lands.

Ottoman Empire tries to reform but

fails.

Egyptian leaders cannot complete modernization.

Persia falls to economic

imperialism.

3


ANSWERANSWER

Both African and Muslim rulers resisted Europeans. Muslims tried to modernize to resist Western imperialism, while many Africans simply signed away their lands. Menelik II was the only African ruler to remain independent.

Possible Responses:

2. How were the reactions of African and Muslim rulers to imperialism similar? How were they different? THINK ABOUT

• African and Muslim patterns of resistance • African and Muslim efforts toward modernization

continued . . .

HOME


3


ANSWERANSWER

• The Ottoman Empire ruled much of North Africa, the Middle East, and Eastern Europe. It controlled key overland trade routes and sea trade on the Mediterranean and on the Atlantic Ocean and Black Sea.

• It also contained many important natural resources, such as oil. European nations wanted to control trade and to obtain greater wealth.

Possible Responses:

3. Why did European imperialist powers want to take over Ottoman Empire lands? THINK ABOUT

• the location of the Ottoman Empire • its special resources

End of Section 3

HOME


• European ambitions

Britain gradually attains control over India, establishing the Raj. British rule gives rise to nationalist feelings and to resistance movements.


Key Idea

British Imperialism in India

4HOME

MAP

As the Mughal Empire declined, Britain seized Indian territory until it controlled almost the whole subcontinent.

India, the second most populated nation in the world, has its political roots in this colony.

Overview


• sepoy

• “jewel in the crown”

• Sepoy Mutiny

• Raj

4


TERMS & NAMES

HOME


MAP

1. Look at the graphic to help organize your thoughts. For each cause listed below, write about its effect.

4

continued . . .


HOME


Causes Effects

1. Decline of the Mughal Empire

2. Colonial practices

3. Sepoy Mutiny

1. East India Company expanded its colonial territory.

2. Created resentment and nationalist feelings among Indians

3. Built support for nationalist groups

MAP


ANSWERANSWER

2. How did imperialism contribute to unity and the growth of nationalism in India? THINK ABOUT

• the benefits of imperialism

4

• the negative effects of imperialism

• Positive effects of imperialism—railroads, roads, telephones, telegraph, unified rule; improved communications and unified many Indians

• Negative effects—racism, economic hardships; contributed to the growth of nationalism and a desire for self-rule

Possible Responses:

HOME

continued . . .


MAP

Section

4

Assessment

ANSWERANSWER

The British East India Company had its own private army to maintain control of its territory in India. When the Sepoy Mutiny occurred, the company was unable to regain control. The British government stepped in, seized control, and claimed India as a colony of the crown.

Possible Response:

HOME

End of Section 4


3. How did economic imperialism lead to India’s becoming a British colony? THINK ABOUT

• the role of the British East India Company • the Sepoy Mutiny

4MAP

Western imperialists, including the United States, claim lands in the South Pacific, Southeast Asia, and Hawaiian Islands. Only Siam remains independent.


Key Idea

Western Powers Rule Southeast Asia

5HOME

GRAPH

Demand for Asian products drove Western imperialists to seek possession of Southeast Asian lands.

Southeast Asian independence struggles in the 20th century have their roots in this period of imperialism.

Overview


5

• Pacific Rim

• King Mongkut

• Emilio Aguinaldo

• annexation

• Queen Liliuokalani


TERMS & NAMES

HOME


GRAPH

1. Look at the graphic to help organize your thoughts. Identify four Western powers and the areas they controlled.


5

continued . . .

HOME


Western powers in Southeast Asia

Dutch:Indonesia

British:Malayan Peninsula

French:Indochina

United States:Hawaii/Philippines

GRAPH

5


ANSWERANSWER

Siam’s neighbors were dominated or taken over by European nations. Siam was able to stay independent because it modernized and could compete with Europeans. There was little social turmoil in Siam, and the king was able to stay in power and resist European demands.

Possible Response:

2. How did the reforms of the Siamese kings maintain Siam’s independence? THINK ABOUT

• what was happening to Siam’s neighbors • the results of the changes

HOME


End of Section 5

GRAPH

The Age of Imperialism, 1850–1914 QUIT Chapter Overview Time Line Visual Summary SECTION...

Documents

Transcript of The Age of Imperialism, 1850–1914 QUIT Chapter Overview Time Line Visual Summary SECTION...