th eRitRean community mem- beRs in Washington dc and...

Vol 21. No. 73 Saturday, 8th of November , 2014 Pages 8, Price 1.50 NFA

A consultative meeting on enhanc-ing cooperation in the domain of education was conducted in Asmara between representatives Eritrea and Finland.

To this end, an action program has been mapped out following the

Eritrean community members in Washington D.C and environs have asserted readiness to mount staunch resistance against exter-nal conspiracies on the basis of enhanced organization and aware-ness. They made the pledge at a meeting on November 2.

Mr. Birhane Gebrehiwet, Charge de’ Affairs in the Eritrean Em-bassy, gave briefings to the meet-ing participants focusing on the objective economic, political and social situation in the Homeland, as well as the pace of development endeavors. He further stressed the

Mr. Osman Mohammed-Omar, who has been accredited to the Unit-ed Arab Emirates as Eritrean Ambas-sador, has presented his credential to the country’s Vice President, Chair-man of the Ministerial Council and Administrator of Dubai, Sheik Mo-hammed Bin Rashid Al-Mektum.

During the presentation ceremony, the Ambassador noted the historical

Ms. Fawzia Hashim, Minister of Justice, has called on Eritrean youths residing in the city of Jed-dah and environs to step up partici-pation in State affairs on the basis of higher awareness. She made the call at a meeting focusing on the role youths in national affairs.

The Minister pointed out that

Eritrean nationals residing in the US city of Tampa, Florida, have presented an exhibition depicting the nation’s cultural values at the annual World Entertainment Fes-tival.

In the course of the festival in which 43 countries took part, the

RepResentatives of eRitRean-finnish educational institu-tions hold consultations heRe to enhance coopeRation

meeting conducted here from No-vember 2 to 6. The program con-cerns the fostering of cooperation in the domains of upgrading teachers’ capacity, promoting creativity and innovation, as well as developing computer technology.

In remarks he made at Asmara Palace Hotel in connection with the conclusion of the consultative meet-ings as regards collaboration in the domain of education, Foreign Minis-ter Osman Saleh expressed Eritrea’s readiness to translate into action the understanding reached with Finland to foster cooperation in the sector.

Likewise, Ms. Sanna Takala, Desk Officer in the Department for Africa and Middle East, stated that continued bilateral consultations would be made to put into action the aforementioned objective.

According to reports, the 8-mem-ber heads of Finnish higher educa-tional institutions have conducted visit to counterpart centers of learn-ing in Eritrea.

eRitRean community mem-beRs in Washington dc and

enviRons asseRt Readiness to mount staunch Resistance

against exteRnal conspiRaciesneed for preserving and reinforcing the prevailing national unity, and called on the citizens to enhance role towards building a prosperous nation.

The participants of the meeting exchanged views on the explana-tion given and put fourth views pertaining to various issues.

Meanwhile, accomplishments of the YPFDJ branch in Washington D.C were outlined at the meeting regarding the sending of e-readers and the equipping of Digital Li-brary. To this end, the members raised USD 7 thousand.

the Government is making the necessary investment towards pro-moting education, and called on citizens to make good use of the available educational opportunity. Ms. Fawzia stressed the need for mounting staunch resistance against external conspiracies on the part of the youths, and thereby

enhance role in national develop-ment programs.

Also speaking at the meeting, Mr. Saleh Mahmud Sabe, in charge of public and communal affairs at the Eritrean Embassy, said that more forums would be staged on the basis of enhanced organization and awareness of the youth.

youths in Jeddah called upon to exeRt the necessaRy effoRt in state affaiRs

ambassadoR osman pResents cRedentials to uae chaiRman of ministeRial council

relations between Eritrea and the UAE, and asserted that he would ex-ert vigorous endeavors towards en-hancing partnership of cooperation for the benefit of both peoples.

The UAE official on his part ex-pressed the readiness of all gov-ernment institutions to provide the requisite support to Ambassador Os-man in fulfilling his duty.

Eritrean nationals highlighted the country’s location and resources, as well as the cultural values of the Eritrean people, coupled with traditional dresses and diversity. Moreover, the prevailing societal harmony in Eritrea featured at the Festival.

exhibition depicting nation’s cultuRal values staged at WoRld enteRtainment festival

2Eritrea Profile, Saturday 8th of November , 2014

Published Every Saturday & WednesdayManaging Director Azzazi Zeremariam

Acting EditorAmanuel Mesfun

Amanuel @zena.gov.er

P.O.Box: 247Tel: 11-41-14Fax: 12-77-49

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azieb habtemariam

Billion Temesgen

Mr. Asmerom Habtemariam is who we as a society in whole proud-ly could define as one of the very few living witnesses of the Eritrean musical and theatrical evolution. Born in 1948 Mr. Asmerom has, from his childhood days, frequent-ed his studies in different Italian schools. But, he later shifted his sum total full attention to work and arts in the early stages of his uni-versity learning. He became part of the then very well effectively known Asmara’s theatrical association (ማትኣ) and even wrote a book in 1972. His artistic journey would be hard to be margined within the borders of the paper as it goes way back

to a period of time when he was nothing more than a passionate artist. Craving for independence, Mr. Asmerom passed through the Eritrean arm struggle, became one of the foremost founders of Dimtsi Hafash and is still to this day vig-orously active. At this very moment we’re seeing a lot of Mr. Asmerom Habtemariam hosting an Eri-Tv show called “Merhaba”. A show hoped to be of a link of the past to the present.

Join us in today’s interview as we take you back to the Eritrean

artistic past, which focused on our music and about the fascinating show along with a discussion on the current situation of our songs.

-Thank you so much for being with us today. Let’s start with look-ing back to your youth days in rela-tion to music.

It was strongly connected with a burning patriotic and nationalistic passion. Big or small every musi-cal or theatrical project had a clear aspiration to the liberty and inde-pendence of our country, especially during the 1960s. Singers like the late Mrs. Tebereh Tesfahuney, Mr. Alamin Abdelatif, Mr. Tewolde Reda and Mr. Jabur Mohmud fol-lowed by remarkable singers such as Yemane Barya and many more,

were few of the many singers that dedicated every and each of their musical production to the country’s political situation. Even the songs that seemed to be love songs deep dawn had profound messages. Mu-sic became a synchronization of our Eritrean pride and identity.

-There is a difference between the song sang before and during the armed struggle, how would you explain that difference?

One of the things that gave birth to modern music and theatre was the Italian colonization. Obviously the Italians never gave a direct chance for us to be artistically active but they inspired us to create our own music. So the early songs had a western and Far East refrained beat, however in time with the creation of the Eritrean musical and theatrical association and troupes such as *** MA.TE.DE and ***MA.MA.HAL we then were able to have a well coordinated beat that we could label as our own. Like I said before most if not all of them were stirred by a smoldering yearning of independent country of our own.

The following stage would be the armed struggle. Mr. Berhane Do-moz, Mr. Tsaedu Bahta along with Tebereh Tesfahuney and I were some of the first members of the cultural department, so I witnessed how the armed struggle created

a culture of its own. Most of the songs of the armed struggle are of a fast beat, it was time of war: bullets flying everywhere, a period where furious youth were jumping fear-lessly towards death…, a hectic life of war; that was what the songs of that time were presenting. The songs back then were aimed to praise our glories, our unity as a people and our pride in being Eritreans. They were also intended to be of hope to the Eritrean people in and out of the country. Those songs were meant to be heard by the heart and soul.

These were the main differences between the two stages, but the most important one would be the fact that the artistic productions before the war were of a longing feeling based on an utmost enthusiasm to achieve freedom but the arty making of the armed struggle had no longing feel-ings. It rather embodied the vast and most certain realization of a to-tal freedom; we were no longer “the bird in the cage”.

-What about today’s artistic cul-ture?

It is quite hard for me to define it as one entity. It is versatile and lacks profundity. Of course, I am not say-ing that today’s works of art are pure in quality compared with that of the past ones. It is relatively hard for me

to say we have good artistic produc-tions. Our songs today are lacking an identity; our present pop songs don’t have a unified insight. It is undeni-able that each day and each stage has its own development and yes we do have some remarkable sing-ers that have presented us with some great songs, but yet again comparing many today’s productions to that of the 1960s, the new ones are not all that grand.

-Why is that? Well, I’d say that today’s music

is commercialized. Yes, the songs are entertaining and young people like it, but we don’t have songs that could survive for a long time. You like one song, get obsessed with it for some time and after a while be-fore you even know it you already are tired of it. One more thing that could be cited as a problem is too much dependence on enhancement technology. What happened to the genuine musical instruments? Why

is everything replaced by some computer programmed software? It is a mess. Playback is literally kill-ing today’s music. Why don’t we sing live anymore? This is certainly something that needs to be changed and is definitely an area where we should strongly work on.

-About today’s music lacking an insight; aren’t the singers of the previous generations at fault for not giving dawn what made Eri-trean music most precious?

That’s true. I don’t want to say that we created a stage for genera-tions to come together and enhance our musical production. There isn’t an institution that studies and com-bines the best from the past and present. We need a real institution that could minimize the gap that we are witnessing now. So, yes we are at fault, but neither did you young people, ever made an effort to merge our past to your present. Yet again, I don’t want to be here solely criti-cizing. I profoundly believe that our youngsters are talented and amaz-ingly brilliant so if there will ever be a chance in which they could come in touch with our past, they will most certainly make a miracle.

-But “Merhaba” is here to cor-rect such things.

Yes but mostly no. For the reason that we believe that our songs are very present in every step of our his-tory and our history is gorgeously vivid in our songs. So this is mainly the motto that the show is based on. We principally want to seize a jour-ney to the past days through songs; we want to bring a light to what hasn’t been told. By singing the golden oldies we want to explore and present in the show what went

earlier in the days.

-Singing the golden oldies… the show is doing so good and people like it so much. And you are work-ing with young musicians…

One season has already gone by and we are currently preparing for the second season. We don’t want the show to be strictly aiming for a cer-tain generation; we want our young-sters to be part of it so we have our doors open for different possibilities so as to pave a way for our youth’s potential to be manifested.

I am very proud to be working with my musicians. Most of them were born after the independence and certainly don’t have a direct ex-perience with the oldies, but it gives me an overly satisfying feeling to see them working so hard and ap-preciating the quality of our songs. They are massively gifted, curious and yarning to know and present all the best with all of their might. They are fantastic.

-Our oldies have and still are being sung by many international singers and mostly singers of the neighboring countries. What do you think?

It definitely makes me proud. It makes me even more delighted to see our young people singing songs of influential and model singers because as these songs are close to the present generation they have the ability to enlighten them up. But, I rather hate it when I see outsider singers taking the songs’ uniqueness away.

Like I said before, I truly hope to see in a very near future an open-ing for the best of the two worlds to come together so to enhance our ar-tistic production. And once again set an even stronger cohesive identity for our arts.

-Thank you!

Merhaba: Bridging The Gap Between Eri-trea’s Golden Oldies And Today’s Songs


Dear readers ‘On the Table’ always welcomes your outlooks on any of the issues raised on this column. Please mail us your comments opinions and views; we will entertain them.

On the Table: http://www.profile.gov.er Daniel Semre - [email protected] Solomon Mengsteab [email protected]

cultural heritages are among the things that people would like to preserve and at the same time improve, meaning change. But which one on of these two has the edge when analyzed in the light of the overall welfare and progress of humanity? Today’s “On the Table” shall compare and contrast the merits of both perspectives.

Cultural Heritages

Solomon Mengsteab

Every culture has its own, of different type, unique cultural heri-tages, expressions and displays of its ways of living, developed and passed on from genera-tion to generation. There are the material cultural heritages, ranging from the mega buildings and monuments to the small-est ornaments and jewels. There are natural heri-tages, such as mountains, rivers, animals, plants, etc., which have cultural significance. There are also non-physical cultural heritages which include folklores, traditions, language, knowledge, and all other intangible aspects of culture.

For the most part, material cultural heri-tages are irreplaceable. Moreover, it is al-most equally difficult to restore nonmate-rial cultural heritages once they are weath-er-beaten and/or, even worse, lost. Cultural heritages are representations of uniqueness, beautiful legacies and most importantly de-pots of accumulated knowledge, they are references. Therefore, every generation has the obligation of the preservation of cul-tural heritages inherited from the preceding generations and passing it on to the next. At the same time however, every genera-tion also has the responsibility of enriching what it had inherited and developing some new objects, knowledge and new ways of doing things of its own as it passes its pre-decessors’ and its own legacies onto the next generation.

Simple ethics, if not anything else, dic-tates that every generation ought to not just preserve whatever cultural aspects it had inherited unchanged, dull to improve-ment and enrichment, or, worse, consume and exhaust them all. Instead, there is an expectation upon each generation, to pass on what it had inherited, after polishing and embellishing what is already there and adding some new ones into it, to successive generations.

From one generation to another, new materials are invented and produced to be adapted as well as, in time, become part

of the existent culture and heritages to the succeeding generations. For one reason or another, new landscapes and living things are identified and are given cultural signif-icance, again in time, to become cultural heritages. Social customs, values, traditions, beliefs, language, knowledge and all other nonphysical elements of culture evolve in time. Indeed, all types of cultural heritages are in nonstop evolution, some are added some abolished and some others altered.

Change is part of the world that we live in. Culture, like many other creations of humanity is not lasting, it is necessarily dy-namic. The change that cultural elements go through is not something that could be prevented even if there was a desire to do so. But change isn’t always necessar-ily progress; it could sometimes in fact be degeneration. When preservation neither is essentially the best option nor possible to be granted, and only change is the only card left, it is only wise to use that card to chan-nel it to progress and shun regression.

The desire for progress has always been at the heart of most of the things that we do as a human being. Cultural heritages, as ways and means of behavior in a society, and, even more so, formal rules for operat-ing in a particular cultural climate, hold the key to bring about any form of sought after progress. For, enriching the existing and creating and developing new ways of doing things first and foremost begins with having progressive mentality. What do you say?

…Meant To Be Polished And Embellished And Evolved

Daniel Semere

The globalization phenomena have brought a lot of overlaps, mix, opportuni-ties and confusion. Some of these are posi-tive and others are not. However, nothing seems to bring a lot of controversy like the issue of culture when we address the im-pact of globalization on societies. Changes in areas of politics and economy can fairly be accommodated with relative ease when we talk about a particular society. But when it is the issue of culture that is on stake it is bound to provoke and generate more heat. That’s why the issue of global-ization and culture has remained highly contentious matter.

Many seems to agrees on this point, that globalization cannot go back. And the most important element of the informa-tion and culture industry is growing at an incredibly quick speed. Nowadays, at the center of the debate on globalization lies the assumption that globalization leads to the homogeneity and identity of nations and cultures that are increasingly ruined. And the various protests in various coun-

tries indicate that the identity of the issue of globalization and culture must be taken much more seriously. Therefore, protec-tion of local identity is necessary during the process of globalization.

Each culture has its own personality. Culture is a continuous process of change but in spite of the change, culture contin-ues giving a community a sense of identity, dignity, continuity, security and binds soci-ety together. The fact that we are all human does not mean that we are all the same and ignoring this can be fatal. The effect glo-balization has had on culture is immense and diverse. It has affected people’s cul-tural behaviors in different ways. People have had to change their living ways.

So I say the dark side of globalization is the gradual elimination of any local in-terest, the rule or tradition. This, therefore should be where our careful focus be. In-terest in preserving our identity should be consciously pursues. It is indeed a gigantic struggle, an effort in which organization and coordination are essential. What do you say?

Preserving Culture In The Era Of Globalization

4Eritrea Profile, Saturday 8th of November , 2014 ADS

Job Title & number required System Administrator (01)

Duties & Responsibilities

Designing and planning a network. Setting up the LAN & WAN. Maintaining and monitor the network. Ensures that the uptime, performance, resources, and security of the network. Maintaining existing software and hardware and upgrading any which has become obsolete. Provide routine automation; maintain security policies; troubleshoot; train and/or supervise ICT officers. Responsible for documenting the configuration of the system. Budgeting for equipment and assembly costs. Expanding the network.System requirements and design solutions. Assembling new systems. Maintaining existing software and hardware and upgrading any which has become obsolete. And as per Job Description.

Knowledge & SkillRequirement

Good knowledge of hardware and software for bandwidth management, shaping, monitoring and reporting, Good knowledge of understanding of storage technologies, memory management, and disk arrays, NAS/SAN, networking. Good knowledge of wireless WDS ,security and administration, Basic two way radio communication, Technical skills, Organizational skills, Interpersonal skills, Communication skills, Patience, A meticulous and methodical nature, A logical mind, Capable of working well under pressure, Enthusiasm to be continually learning.

EducationComputer engineering / any IT related University De-greeMicrosoft certified system engineer (MCSE) or Cisco certi-fied internetwork expert (CCIE) or CCNA

Experience Required 5 years at enterprise level in system administering.

Physical RequirementTo be able to pass a full Doctor’s examination.To be available to work in accordance with ZMSC rosters.

Job Title & number required Communication Engineer (01)


Ensure a reliable and efficient communications, dispatch, and monitoring system that will support the smooth, efficient, and safe mining operations at ZMSC sites. Develop and administer a system back-up, emergency response, and system user policy guide lines. Give technically support and system maintenance services. Regular preventive maintenance and upgrade services of all equipment for radio communication. Train ZMSC staff how to use the hand held and vehicle mounted radios. Install Radios on trucks. Train ZMSC staff how to use the hand held and vehicle mounted radios. Develop and administer a system back-up, emergency response, and system user policy guide lines. Administering Repeater Base Stations, and accessories, PTP links on towers, Portable radio devices, 2-way In-cap radio devices on trucks, Dispatcher radios,Solar power and communication systems, Solar panel and battery, Solar Charge Controller, STC Inverter, Dispatch server, Management office Server.


Good Knowledge of GPS Monitoring , Real-time tracking, Good knowledge Solar power system, Technical skills, Organizational skills, Interpersonal skills, Communication skills, Patience, A meticulous and methodical nature, A logical mind, Capable of working well under pressure, Enthusiasm to be continually learning, Driving license.

Education Radio communication Engineer / radio communication related university degree

Experience Required 5 years’ experience at enterprise level.

Physical RequirementTo be able to pass a full Doctor’s examination.

To be available to work in accordance with ZMSC rosters.Job Title & number required Fuel Officer (01)


Planed & organized for the continues viability of fuel & lu-bricants. Ensured continues availability fuel and lubricants. Ensured the minimum stock level is maintained all the time. Ordered supplies on time considering the lead time of arriv-als. Ensured the fuel farm is maintained clean and safe. Main-tained housekeeping to the standard. Ensured all employees of the fuel farm and other visitors follow the proper safety guidelines.Maintained appropriate and to the standard elec-tronic and hard copies of all fuel & lubricant supply docu-ments. Maintained accurate and always timely stock records in hard and electronic copies. Ensured the issuing and receiv-ing of fuel & lubricants follow the approved procedure and get the approval of the appropriate authorities. Prepared time-ly and accurate reports to all concerned parties (finance, line department manager and end users). And as Job Description.


Effective communication skills. Very Good Computer skill. Availability to work all shifts, weekends, and holidays, based on business needs. Capable of working well under pressure, Enthusiasm to be continually learning.

Education At least Diploma graduate from University.

Experience Required Minimum 4 years in Fuel Officer or related job.

Physical RequirementTo be able to pass a full Doctor’s examination.To be available to work in accordance with ZMSC rosters.

Job Title & number re-quired

Assistant Chemist (01)

Duties & Responsibilities Assist the Laboratory Chemist in setting up of gold mine lab.Focus on the fire assay method and production testing. Assist the lab Chemistto implement the data management, security management, equipment management, personnel training. Responsible for data review and examination, supervise the operating procedures, codes with safety. Responsible for all operation and training. Arranging day and night shifts andDuties & Responsibilities ensuring they are operating in good order and complete sample processing, sample analysis, check on and report the result then save data at the end. Assist the lab chemist to conduct the external and internal check of samples, to ensure the laboratory quality management system, ensure the accuracy, timeliness of the test data. Responsible for storage of the chemical reagent, dangerous chemicals, and analysis sample. Assist the lab chemist to finish all the work assigned by the Company. Act as Chemist in the absence of Chemist. And as per Job Description.


Foreman Experience. Skillfully with operations of sampling and testing crude gold , 2# gold, fire analysis, cyanide , conventional elements, environmental project. Skillfully with the operation standard of chemical analysis, titration analysis, polyurethane foam and activated carbon

adsorb the gold. Use and maintenance the AAS, ICP-AES, analytical balance .etc. and with training ability.

Education College degree or vocational technical school. National recognized qualification of Analysis Skilled technician

Experience Required At least five years work experience in large or medium-sized gold laboratory.

Physical Requirement To be able to pass a full Doctor’s examination.To be available to work in accordance with ZMSC rosters.

Job Title & number re-quired

Human Resource Admin Clerk (01)

Duties & Responsibilities Process all types of visas including employment visas, residence visas for international employees as well as for visitors to ZMSC. Process and renew of permits and li-censes including company operating license, certificates of registration, etc. Process ticketing with suitable Airlines for expatriate whenever necessary. Organize and arrange hotel booking and reservations for expats. Inform to the transportation or fleet officer to pick up expats from Asmara Airport as required. Process and renew of permits through Department of Energy and Mines. Updating every month for expatriates that their visas when will expires. Obtain supporting letter from MOE&M for publishing or advertisement displays as required. Process, forward and collects legal documents related to Ministry of Labour and Immigration, Passport Office. And as per Job Description.


Problem solving skills, Negotiations skills, Effective ver-bal and listening communications skills, Computer skills including the ability to operate spreadsheets and word processing programs at a highly proficient level, Effective written communications skills including the ability to pre-pare reports, Effective public relations and public speak-ing skills, research and program development skills, Stress management skills, Time management skills. Ticketing skills.

Education Diploma in Human Resources or Business Management or Personnel Administration or related fields.

Experience Required Minimum 3 years work experience in Human Resources Government Relations. Mining experience is preferable. Knowledge of administrative andclerical pro-cedures, managing files and records, designing forms, and other office procedures

Physical Requirement To be able to pass a full Doctor’s examination.To be available to work in accordance with ZMSC rosters.

General Information and other requirements: Place of work: Koka Gold Mine Site. Occasional assign-ment to other locations. Salary: As per Company scale.

Additional Requirement for nationals: Having fulfilled his/her National Service obligations and pro-vide evidence of a release paper from the Ministry of Defense. Having finished registration and duty performing for the National Army, and present the release paper or registration card issued by National Army. Provide a Clearance paper from office of the Eritrean Police and present Medical Certificate from Hospital. Present Clearance paper from the current/last employer. Only short listed applicants would be considered as potential candidates for an interview. Application documents will not be re-turned back to the sender and/or applications should be sent through the Post Office. Deadline for application: 10 days from the day of publication in the News paper.

Address: Please mail your applications to: ZARA MINING SHARE CO. P. O. Box 2393. Asmara, Eritrea.

Note to Eritrean applicants: Please send a copy of your application to: Aliens Employment Permit Af-fairs P.O. Box 7940 Asmara, Eritrea.

5Eritrea Profile, Saturday 8th of November , 2014 ADS

Asmara Recruitment Event | 06th November 2014

Qatar Airways will soon by flying to Asmara, Eritrea and have a number of exciting op-portunities in our newest station. We continue to grow at a rapid rate and are looking for people to join our world-class workforce of more than 30,000 employees with more than 100 different nationalities. Each of them strives to uphold our mission statement: “Excel-lence in everything we do.” The following roles are available in Asmara:-

Senior Sales Executive: (Ref: QR6027) We are looking for enthusiastic, motivated, dynamic persons who are result oriented with

excellent negotiating, communication and influencing skills. The successful candidate will be responsible for driving Qatar Airways’ sales performance in the market through the im-plementation of the Sales strategy across a portfolio of Trade Partners and national/multina-tional corporations maximizing revenue contribution to exceed revenue targets.

Applicants must have a relevant degree in Business Administration or Marketing with at least 3 years work experience in the airline and trade industry. A basic understanding of IATA standard reservation and ticketing proceduresis required. They should be PC literate with knowledge of Word, Excel and Power Point. Fluency in English (both spoken and writ-ten) is essential.

Senior Sales Support Agent (Ref: QR5990) The Senior Sales Support Agent is responsible for identifying opportunities to improve

commercial objectives whilst supporting the salesteam and travel industry with their daily requirements and follow up administration. This candidate should be self-motivated and dynamic with excellent organisation and communication skills and should be able to per-form other related duties as assigned, for the purpose of ensuring the efficient and effective functioning of the work unit.

The successful candidate should have at least 2 years sales or administration experience within the airline industry or travel industry. A degree in economics, Accounting or Statis-tics is an added advantage.Good knowledge of Amadeus, IT skills (Excel, Word and Power Point) and fluency in English (both oral and written) are required for this position.

Senior Reservations Agent(Ref: QR5989)The successful candidate will plan, supervise and support the Reservations staff in order

to achieve optimal customer satisfaction. He/She will encourage teamwork, consistency of service and proper coordination. Excellent knowledge in airline CRS/GDS and reserva-tions/ticketing procedures with flair in customer service, strong inter-personal ability, well-developed management skills are required. Strong exposure to AMADEUS, high proficien-cy in PC-based applications, and good communication skills in spoken/ written English language are essential.

Applicants must have a minimum of 5years’ experience in telephone sales, reservations/ ticketing within the airline/travel industry and sound knowledge of IATA standard reserva-tions & ticketing procedures. Fluency in English (both oral and written) is required. Second-ary School education is mandatory, a University Degree is preferred.

Reservations Agent X 2(Ref: QR5988) Applicants must have a minimum of 3 years of telesales work experience in an airline or

travel industry with sound knowledge in IATA standard reservation/ticketing procedures. A sound understanding of Mathematics/World Geography and exposure to AMADEUS sys-tem are added advantage. Good interpersonal and communication skills in spoken/ written English language and adequate knowledge of PC-based applications are essential require-ments of the job.

To be successful in this role, you must have a minimum High School education, with at least 3 years’ experience in a similar capacity. You have to be service oriented with good in-terpersonal skills. Knowledge in IATA standard reservation/ticketing procedures is required with fair knowledge of the world’s geography. Excellent communication skills in English and a strong command of the MS Office Suite will be required.

Finance Officer(Ref: QR6025) The successful candidate will ensure that the station trial balance is checked and major

balance sheet accounts are reconciled, preparation of budgets, cash flows and audit reports and also assist in overseeing that company is in line with all government and internal statu-tory deductions and taxes. You will have to ensure that payment processing is in line with QR internal policies and strict adherence to credit terms and payment deadlines are fol-lowed, ensure receivable’s timely management, debtors aging is in line with acceptable aging buckets. You will also ensure that the financial statements are supported by compre-hensive working sheets/ schedules/statements/aging analyses and provide relevant business support to other departments in the station

To be successful in this role you must have a Bachelor’s degree in Commerce, accounting, finance and any other related field, CPA, ACCA is an added advantage. You will need a min-imum of 5 Years of job-related experience in airline accounting and a working knowledge of financial accounting. You should have experience in use of any accounting package, prefer-ably Oracle ERP and a basic knowledge of either Passenger or Cargo Revenue accounting. You must be able to demonstrate the ability to analyze and make improvements to business functions and processes to achieve organizational goals as well as the ability to coordinate actions, activities and prioritize tasks. You should have Strong analytical, interpersonal and coordination skills.

Finance Assistant (Ref. QR5981)The successful candidate will ensure correct and timely processing of financial documents

in line with QR financial policies and Internal Accounting Policies. To support in Verifica-tion and accounting of invoices, payments, sales, refunds, deposits and claims in line with QR policies and IAPs. Preparation and accounting of journal vouchers as per IAP

Applicants must be Commerce Graduate from reputed university with total accounting ex-perience of 3 years with preferably 1 year in airlines, User level experience in any ERP, good working experience on spreadsheets, good in either expenditure or revenue accounting

Airport Services Supervisor(Ref. QR6022)

Airport Services Agent x 2 (Ref. QR5984)Successful candidates will provide service excellence to customers at the airport terminal

and help create a stress free environment. The candidates will ensure consistent delivery of high levels of service, whilst adhering to the safety policy and security standards. .

Applicants must have a minimum of 3 years airline work experience in customer ser-vices or passenger handling at the check-in counters, arrivalsand departure area. A strong knowledge and working experience of DCS with proficiency in computer applications are essential requirements of the job. Applicants must have a pleasing personality with excellent communications skills in spoken/ written English, good interpersonal skills and willing to work in shifts.

Executive Secretary(Ref. QR5983)The Executive Secretary is responsible for assisting the Commercial Manager in the day-

today functions while promoting high standards of corporate values through correspondence, telephone, and personal contact. The role will also be responsible for various administrative functions to support the efficient running of the station.

Applicants should have attained a Graduate level with excellent English language com-munication skills. and have worked as a secretary with an international company for at least 3 years. They should have high proficiency in PC-based applications, good organizational skills and communication skills in spoken/ written English language.

Interested candidates are welcome to attend the interview. Details are mentioned below:

Date: 06 November 2014 Time: Anytime between 9 am to 5 pmCandidates need to bring along:1 x passport photocopy

1. Resume / CV 3. Highest Education Certificate

Additional requirement:Having fulfilled one’s National Service obligations and provide evidence of release from

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Teklehaimanot Yemane

To overcome the lack is beyond compare! The problem the land faced is beyond level. Take the largest desert in the world. According to Geography, Sahara was a place of awesome of variety of wilds and trees. Probably you may get things that you can think in your dreams. Who knows you may get the beautiful waterfalls? You may get the thick forest. That is a forest which was densely populated by variety of birds. Surely you can only hallucinate these events in your dreams. Due to natural catastrophe the land has lost its beauty. As a result things you expect become unexpected. There will be full of surprises. It is the difference you get. One is the internal beauty in which you consider as flawless. And the second is the effect you get. The expectations are the trees and the wilds.

My internal love is just more than attraction

It is a hero worshipEquipped with weaponry

decisionIt is an icon of greatness

Bejewelled with blessed survival and existence

A springboard to bright futureOnce you gain its beauty

No force whatsoever can hammerThe external appearance is very

pretentious. Especially in man it is death-defying. It is very intolerable. It is characterized by full of double standards, two faced, insincerity and hypocrisy. Nothing is original like the natural beauty. Trying to banish the original beauty is trying to swim in uncharted water without having lifejacket. Here you let to lose the meaning of life once forever. You sell it. Your selling has no return. You are with zero percent interest

rate. You are with an empty handed. However; you may be too hot and spicy food for fish. Who knows you may be delicious for fish like what the shrimp tastes for man. You know why? Man is among the rare, the very strange food of fish. What the Bible says, “Little children love one another” does work among fish. Fish usually eat one another. This is law of nature. It hardly considers any prerequisite. In occasional time they may eat man. That is when they get him at times of disturbing his authority. It is like penalty area. Fish will never endure you anymore! So be careful not to disturb the authority of fish. What you need is obvious. You need quite conscience. It is what makes once life as serene as what Byron had voiced.

To breathe fragranceTo become more closer and thus

emerge strongerTo have a powerful weapon

To swallow the aromaTo have superb blendTo dance in the space

To use time wiselyTo use my talent, my strength, my

endurance or commitmentI suggested one; that is

Visiting my FLAWLESS INNER SELF!

The world is not only in fear of desertification but also fear of losing people who have internal flawless beauty. An equal advertisement should be made on having internal flawless beauty for people like what we are making advertisement on cultivating trees upon the land. Like the fine-looking colour formed by trees upon the land, the flawless beauty in a man makes to look for him/her astounding. Note that, the outside practice has great experience in engulfing the flawless internal

FLAWLESS BEAUTY Part II

beauty. Always fighting is there. The fighting is very depressing. The inner self has one friend. It is the inner by itself. Whereas the external self-have many friends to deal with. Many people including myself are paying less attention to it. We are becoming a friend of external affairs. We cling more to the TV channels which disseminates advertisements made of fake and facades rather than knowledge and consciousness.

“The Essence, the Imperative Honouring”

Of the internal beauty“Is unmatched”

Paying no attentionWill make its dignity untouched

Paying no attentionWill make its deep treasure

To be undiscovered!Paying no attention

Will make its voiced spiritIts graceful great deed

Being crippled!No one denies having the flawless

beauty in his/her life. However, we are not determined to have it courageously. As we have said always there is fighting. The very surprise thing in this fighting is that there is no MEDIATOR. There could be mediator from the self but this is short lived! Still fighting continues until the last whistle comes from the true self. Who do you think will win? The true self who yawns to have the self to possess a flawless beauty or the fake that tries to engulf the true self? The win of the fake over the true self is very transitory, very momentary. It is leading the game before the final game like what we see in football match. If you invest wholeheartedly to cultivate wisdoms and consciousness over the internal power, it will prevail! The advantage soon will change.

The inner self will be bold. Try it, starting reading this column.

Similarly to our body happens, if our internal beauty emaciates, our external emaciates too. Then our body biology will no longer become green. We will call it the slimness as desert, as barren land, as arid region. The flawless beauty is an indomitable spirit which is engrossed the totality of brainwave for the word of moving ahead. It is something which makes a good situation even better sometimes. It has positive influence as once make cheery on the icing on the cake. The idea of living difficult moments where to begin will get both knowledgeable and insightful comforts from distant quarters. The fond of stirring up for intellectual capacity coupled with compassionate actions will make the situation to be clothed in with true virtue.

My external nestle was full of arrogance

Full of superficialityFull of weedsTo burn them

I identified a powerful weaponFrom my Internal Core ArsenalMy Arsenal provides me a replyIt is strengthening my INNER

FLAWLESS BEAUTYQuite true, the true virtue will

get a sweet dew droplet. It is from the dancing cloud. How beautiful sensation is, while the cloud is moving in a crisscrossed way in the sky? Though the cloud would seem to pass, you forget. You will consider as permanent. The cloud of dew success will shower over the head. The head will flower thoughts. You will be in high spirits. Your content will shoot up to sky rocketing. It feeds you dew of encouragement. It feeds you dew of empowerment. It feeds you dew of generosity. Moreover, your true

virtue recommends you about the issues of Life and Work. Why the true virtue has raised these concepts? In fact, it needs work if you wish to live. Existence will be guaranteed. You will think of poverty. Poverty waits. It is either because you are on idleness or extravagance. You will be cognisant. YOU WILL NOT BE OUT OF TUNE WITH YOUR SURROUNDING. FOLLOW IT. IT IS PRETTY TO DO. YOU SHOULD NOT TURN OUT WHEN YOUR INNER FLAWLESS BEAUTY CALLS YOU. TURNING IT WILL MAKE YOU TO WONDER IN THE STREETS AIMLESSLY. You will be brave. Indeed, it is the brave that deserves the fair!

Most assuredly life and work couldn’t come naturally. They are manmade statements. They are not heavenly dewed concepts. The concept of let it comes naturally can’t be certain in life and work. Here question comes. How many of us are ready to receive on our bare hands? Work can never make our growth smoother. Instead they smoulder our internal strength. It makes us comfortable around! To attest this reality let’s see what Khalil Gibran has said. He said “When you work you are a flute through whose heart the whispering of the hours turns to music. Which of you would be a reed, dumb and silent, when all else sings together in unison?”

Click your mind buttonVisit the shopping cart of your

heartTo purchase your inner flawless

beautyMoreover;

Credit and details are collected there

It is then you will convert your comfort currency

By Eternal Flawless Beauty

Reflection from RIVERS (Quotes)“A mind that is stretched by a new experience can never go back to its

old dimensions.” –Oliver Wendall Holmes

“The meaning of things lies not in the things themselves, but inour attitude towards them.”

—Antoine de Saint Exupery

“I slept and dreamt that life was joy. I awoke and saw that life was service. I acted, and behold, service was joy.”

—Rabindranath Tagore“I was taught that the world had a lot of problems; that I could

struggle and change them; that intellectual and material gifts brought the privilege and responsibility of sharing with others less fortunate; and that service is the rent each of us pay for a living… the very purpose of life, and not something you do in your spare time or after you have reached your personal goals.”

—Marian Wright Edelman

By: Ghede Asrat


Have you ever noticed how some people seem to just get things done? They don’t need “productiv-ity hacks” or GTD and procrasti-nation is a foreign word to them. These people have a reliable work ethic.

A work ethic is a set of values based on the ideals of hard work and discipline. Building a reliable work ethic means training yourself to follow these values. Training yourself so that work becomes au-tomatic instead of a struggle.

Constructing HabitsA work ethic is based on hab-

its. Persistence, focus, “do it now,” and “do it right” are the key habits in building a depend-able work ethic. Here are some steps for building those habits: Forming the Persistence Habit

The first part of a reliable work ethic is persistence. If you quickly burn out after only a short period of work or you can’t stay focused on a task for long, you lack persistence. Building persistence is like build-ing endurance for a race, slowly training yourself to work harder for longer periods of time.

Persistence should always be balanced with periods of rest. Working twelve hours straight won’t usually be the most effec-tive strategy even if your work ethic is strong. But training your-self to work longer can help you if you need to and it makes work-ing shorter periods of time easier. Here are some tips:

Measure Yourself • - Fig-ure out how long you can work effectively. Measure how long it takes before you slow down or give up. Measurement can be a source for improvement.

Run a Burnout Day• – Try working longer for one day,

NUEYS page

How To Build A Reliable Work Ethicfollowing it with a lighter day af-terwards. By stretching your focus for longer periods once in a while you can boost your persistence for normal days.

Do an Extra 20% • - When you feel like quitting, go an extra 20%. If you’ve been working intensely for three hours but are feeling the desire to stop, try an-other forty minutes before taking a break.

Forming the Focus HabitEven more critical than persis-

tence is focus. A car going 70 mph for one hour will go further than a car going 10 mph for six. Focusing all your energies for even a short period of time can be tiring, but combined with persistence it is a powerful ability to have.

Here are some tips for forming the focus habit:

Timebox • - Give yourself 60-90 minutes to work on a par-ticular task. During that time you can’t rest or engage in any distrac-tions.

Accelerate • - It can take anywhere from 10-30 minutes to build up a concentrated focus. Give yourself time to accelerate into a focused state.

Cut Distractions • - Prac-tice the habit of turning off all out-side noise. Phones, e-mail, RSS, Twitter and visitors should be shut out while trying to focus.

Forming the “Do It Now” Hab-it

Don’t let yourself procrastinate. Having a strong work ethic means having the phrase “do it now” as a constant hum in the background. Time for leisure is fine, but if you are trying to work make sure the only thing you are doing is work. Don’t let yourself procrastinate when you still have an unfinished to-do list.

Do it Now for 30 Days – Kill the

procrastination bug for good. For the next thirty days define periods of your day you want to devote to work or personal projects. During those periods of time, remind your-self of the “do it now” phrase and get working whenever you feel the urge to procrastinate.

Forming the “Do it Right” Habit

The final aspect of getting things done is doing them properly. Slop-py work, hastily finishing things or spending too little time working out details leads to poor quality. If you aren’t going to do something properly, it’s probably not a good idea to do it at all.

Perfectionism isn’t necessary for many tasks, but most things re-quire a minimum standard of qual-ity. Writing code without useful variable names or documentation. Graphics with merged layers. Ar-

ticles filled with spelling and gram-matical errors. The “do it right” habit means actively slowing your-self down slightly to fix problems before they occur.

Here are some tips:Separate Creation and •

Criticism – Ideas require mess. Solving a programming problem or writing an article often requires that you first let go of your need for perfection. But once you’ve fin-ished the idea, you should separate a specific time for clean-up after-wards.

Measure Twice, Cut •Once – For tasks that don’t have an Undo feature, take extra care in do-ing them properly the first time.

Set Two Deadlines • - Avoid analysis paralysis by setting two deadlines. One to complete the task, and another to review and pol-ish the work. With two deadlines

Youth

you won’t stumble into the trap of perfectionism, but you won’t hasti-ly finish something that isn’t ready.

Sit on It• – If you’ve hit a milestone in a task or project, take a few minutes to work on some-thing else. When you come back you can use a fresh perspective to tweak problems.

Using the HabitsWhat’s the point of building a

work ethic in the first place? I can’t comment on your job, but if you don’t feel a natural desire to get more done and work harder, you are probably in the wrong line of work. Doing the absolute minimum and laziness might seem like an ideal solution if your working at a job you hate. But if you are involved in a job or personal project you love, having a work ethic means you get to create, accomplish and provide even more.


Context: http://www.profile.gov.er Daniel Semre - [email protected] Solomon Mengsteab [email protected]

Many a time important events in the global arena are not presented in their entirety in mainstream media as there is lack of context in most of the information they cover. In response, this column sets out to question this trend by presenting diverse perspectives from as many sources as possible with the underlying aim of bringing to fore context that is culturally, historically, politically and economically relevant to any given topic.

The sudden fall of Sanaa to the avowedly Shia Houthi rebellion in September has changed the balance of forces in Yemen, transforming the political equilibrium that emerged after the uprising begun in 2011

When the fourth phase of the bloody Saada conflict (1) began in 2007, with President Ali Abdul-lah Saleh confronting members of the Zaydi Shia minority (2), few would have guessed the rebel leader Abdul-Malik al-Houthi would go on to become the leading force in Yemeni politics. Back then, he was simply the new head of the armed Houthi movement, which bears his family’s name and was then active in Yemen’s northwestern Saada re-gion. Al-Houthi was born in the early 1980s and succeeded his elder brother (who was killed in action in 2004) and their ailing father.

The Houthis’ assertion of their Zaydi identity seemed of marginal importance in a country where the opposition of Zaydi Shia (around a third of the population) and the Shafi Sunni majority did not seem funda-mental. Through a gradual conver-gence of religious affiliations, the majority of Yemen’s elites (includ-ing President Saleh) and a large pro-portion of the population — despite their Zaydi origins — had dropped this affiliation in favour of a more global Muslim identity.

Since 2004 the Houthis have placed themselves ever more ex-plicitly in a Shia symbolic context. They have close ties with Iran and Hizbullah, support the Assad regime in Syria, and chant anti-American and anti-Israeli slogans reminiscent of Tehran in 1979. They have also reclaimed specifically Shia festivals such as Ashura (3).

After Yemen’s peaceful upris-ing in 2011, the departure of Saleh seemed to leave the field to the main opposition group, the Islah Party, an alliance between the Muslim Broth-erhood and conservative tribal elites. At the height of the uprising, the hu-man and logistical support and the experience of this alliance undoubt-edly gave the revolutionary move-ment the critical mass it needed.

The national unity government formed in November 2011 to over-see the political transition after Saleh’s resignation had many Islah

members. Segments of the security apparatus progressively came under the control of party insiders, and par-ty leaders appeared to be the main allies of the interim president, Abdu Rabu Mansur Hadi, and played along with the transition process, while at the same time laying claim to revolutionary legitimacy. Thereaf-ter, Islah’s progress to power seemed more than likely, until the series of reversals suffered by the Muslim Brothers in the wider region. The taking of Sanaa by Islah’s Houthi enemies was quickly interpreted in the light of those reversals.

Keeping a low profileHaving learned the lesson of the

military’s removal of Egypt’s Mus-lim Brotherhood president, Moham-med Morsi, in July 2013, barely a year after his election, Islah’s leaders were careful to stay away from the front line and avoid giving the im-pression they had taken control of the revolutionary process. But their tribal and military allies, who had historically played a determining role in their integration in Yemeni society, brought about their down-fall. Yemen’s Muslim Brothers are now having to re-examine their am-bitions and organisation.

The main target of the Houthis’ Sa-naa assault was Ali Mohsen. A close relative of Saleh, he led the First Ar-moured Division in the earlier war against the Houthis. His defection in March 2011 contributed to Saleh’s fall. The capture of Mohsen’s base and his escape to Saudi Arabia on 21 September this year are indicative of the Houthis’ desire for revenge. It has also been widely noted that the former president may have quietly supported the rebels by instructing Saleh loyalists in the military not to fight. Though he said little on the day Sanaa was taken, he did post a grinning photograph of himself on his Facebook page.

The ten sons of the late Abdullah al-Ahmar, the major tribal figure who founded the Islah Party, have also come under pressure from the Houthis installed in the capital. In its fight against the Houthi rebellion, the Al-Ahmar clan has progressively lost the support of tribes in the re-gion north of the capital, proof of a major reconfiguration of the tribal landscape. The new masters in Sa-

naa also quickly closed the religious Al-Iman University, whose presi-dent was Abdul Majid al-Zindani, a controversial Islah figure and former associate of Osama bin Laden. The Houthis also vandalised the homes of Tawakkol Karman, the young Ye-meni woman who became a liberal activist in the Islamist party, win-ning the Nobel prize for peace in 2011, and Muhammad Qahtan, an Islah leader who played a key role in a rapprochement with the Social-ists (4) and some Zaydi parties in the early 2000s. These actions gave the Houthis’ campaign the appearance of a punitive anti-Brotherhood ex-ercise and risked fuelling sectarian tensions between supporters of the Zaydi Shia resurgence and Sunni Islamists.

Al-Houthi and his spokesman Ali al-Bukhaiti have emphasised a more overarching aspect of their offen-sive — protecting the 2011 revolu-tion — and it was the announcement this July of the end of state subsidies for oil products that triggered their advance on Sanaa: the Houthis pro-tested at the doubling of fuel prices and declining purchasing power, and demanded the dismissal of a govern-ment they regarded as corrupt. They also demanded the implementation of the far-reaching conclusions of the conference for national dialogue — which they had not supported when they were announced in Janu-ary — concerning the fight against corruption, popular democratic par-ticipation and power-sharing.

These demands won the Houthis social and political support that went beyond the Zaydi community, and go some way to explaining the weakness of the resistance to their advance on Sanaa where, because of internal migration, a significant proportion of the population is not of Zaydi origin. The non-intervention of the former president’s support-ers, and the relative passivity of both Hadi’s supporters and the interna-tional community, are as indicative of hostility to the Muslim Brothers as of a desire for conciliation and the avoidance of national fragmentation and escalating violence. In this re-gard, the involvement of the UN and its special representative, Morocco’s Jamal Benomar, was critical to the signing of an agreement between the Houthis and the Yemeni authorities on 21 September.

A degree of normalisationAfter the failure of a first candi-

date, the laborious appointment of a technocratic government under

Khaled Bahah enabled the Houthis to be politically integrated and re-es-tablished a degree of normality. Al-though their armed militias are still occupying public buildings, they no longer simply represent a rebellion from the social and geographic mar-gins, but a central element of power.

In order to genuinely transcend the sectarian dimension, the Houthis will have to prove themselves. That is a major task, and tensions with Sunni forces are especially strong. A few days after Sanaa was taken, mil-itants from Al-Qaida in the Arabian Peninsula (AQAP) made threats, and then took action. A jihadist blew himself up in central Sanaa on 9 Oc-tober, killing 47 people, and a sec-ond attack in the south of the coun-try killed 20 more. Simultaneously, Yahya al-Hajuri, the former director of the Salafist institute in Dammaj (northwest Yemen), was organising conferences in Aden and Taiz — ex-clusively Sunni regions — calling for a mobilisation against the Shia, whom he referred to pejoratively as rawafidh(unbelievers).

Analysing the Sanaa population’s political, social and strategic motives for supporting the Houthis allows for a more nuanced interpretation than simple sectarianism. But such an analysis, while valuable, does not entirely invalidate the sectarian logic of the conflicts. This also turns out to be a direct inheritance of the Saleh regime, which, since the outbreak of the Saada conflict in 2004, con-tinually forced the Houthis back to their Zaydi roots and their (initially imaginary) links with Iran, while at the same time making use of the Sunni Islamists.

The regional power, Saudi Arabia, whose interference has left its mark on Yemen’s history, is playing a more complex role than it may appear. The prevailing interpretation in the Arab world views Saudi’s wait-and-see policy towards the Houthi offensive as the result of hostility to the Mus-lim Brothers and of a strategic rap-prochement with Iran. This explana-tion is incomplete. The criminalisa-tion of the Muslim Brotherhood, which the Saudi regime classes as a terrorist organisation, does indeed stem from Saudi Arabia’s domestic policy, its rivalry with Qatar, and its support for Abdel Fattah Sissi’s regime in Egypt. But Saudi diplo-mats have repeatedly stated that this policy does not apply to the Muslim Brotherhood in Yemen.

Rather than a Saudi manipulation — a rear alliance with the Houthis

against the Brotherhood (which would go very much against the grain) — Riyadh’s laissez-faire atti-tude may in fact come from a struc-tural weakness. Saudi diplomacy in Yemen is characterised by an inabil-ity to act, or to formulate a policy and objectives. This inability is not unique to the Saudis: the US and EU, which with the countries of the Gulf are supporting the political transition and President Hadi, have also been stopped in their tracks by the depth of the crises afflicting Yemen. They are all patently having trouble work-ing out a policy framework between the massive use of drones against AQAP, support for the central state, and restrictions on immigration.

The fact is that the crisis of Saudi Arabia’s traditional proxies (nota-bly the Al-Ahmar clan), AQAP’s growing power and the secessionist movement in the south, have greatly reduced Saudi Arabia’s ability to read the situation and take effective action. Moreover, a great range of people involved in Saudi diploma-cy — ministers, princes, religious figures, semi-public bodies — of-ten competing with each other and hampering the policies undertaken. Such a diversity makes the prospect of a rapprochement with Iran more or less illusory, since the various players in Saudi diplomacy have for years built up the notion of a Shia threat and stigmatised it in both re-ligious and strategic terms.

Laurent Bonnefoy

Le Monde dipLoMatique, October 2014, No 1410

(1) See Pierre Bernin, “Yemen’s hidden war”, Le Monde diploma-tique, English edition, October 2009. The conflict in Saada (northwestern Yemen) is generally estimated to have cost more than 30,000 lives since 2004.

(2) Zaydism is a branch of Shia Islam particular to Yemen. Often referred to as moderate, it has been linked to the politico-religious re-gime of the imamate which dominat-ed some or all of Yemen’s highlands for a millennium, until the republi-can revolution in 1962.

(3) Ashura commemorates the martyrdom of Hussein, the Prophet’s grandson, in Kerbala in 680. It sym-bolises resistance to oppression and features rites that are often criticised by Sunni clerics.

(4) The Socialist Party ran the Peo-ple’s Democratic Republic of Yemen (or South Yemen) until the unifica-tion of the two Yemens in 1990.

Yemen’s new player

Laurent Bonnefoy is a researcher at CERI/Sciences Po and a member of the ERC/WAFAW programme. He is the author of Salafism in Yemen: Transnationalism and Religious Identity, Co-lumbia University Press, 2012

Dear readers, should you have any opinion on the column ‘Context’ and suggestions of articles you think should be printed here please do not hesitate to contact us. We shall welcome, value and entertain them.

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