Six terms fundamental to a model of transcription #KingsDH Paul Caton

Background The Huitfeldt Sperberg-McQueen Marcoux model of transcription

The core of the HSM model of transcription E-token-sequence T-token-sequence E-type-sequence T-type-sequence Exemplar document (E) Transcription document (T) instantiates instantiates act of transcription

The core of the HSM model of transcription E-token-sequence T-token-sequence E-type-sequence T-type-sequence Exemplar document (E) Transcription document (T) instantiates instantiates then T is a successful transcription of E if =

( t1 : tokens(E)) (1 t2 : tokens(T)) (t2 = RET(t1)) ( t1 : tokens(T)) (1 t2 :tokens(E)) (t2 = RTE(t1)) ( t1 : tokens(E), t2 : tokens(T)) (t2 = RET(t1) t1 = RTE(t2) type(t1) = type(RET(t1))) Justification

Context "But documents, as we use the term, are physical objects like manuscripts, typescripts, carved stones, magnetic tapes, disk drives, CD-ROMs, or some portion of such an object. "By a document we understand an individual object containing marks. A mark is a perceptible feature of a document (normally something visible, e.g. a line in ink). "Any written document takes the form of physical marks which are tokens of particular types."

SURFACE MARK READING TOKEN-SEQUENCE EXEMPLAR DOCUMENT

Reference story ...

perceptible measurable results from natural processes or volitional acts exists independently (and so) can be returned to (and) changes to it are perceptible SURFACE

perceptible difference made to part of a SURFACE from activity of living organism either application of X to or alteration of intrinsic Y is perceptible and measurable by contrast MARK

READING is the process by which an agent attempts to discover and establish at least one TYPE-SEQUENCE in MARKS on a SURFACE by recognising at least one MARK to be a TOKEN

READING normatively: motivated performed by agent performed at least MARK by MARK has three possible result states negative ( certainty < 0 ) zero ( certainty = 0 ) positive ( certainty > 0 )

READING Transcription is always and only possible from a zero or positive result state. (This is why transcription and copy are not the same.)

TOKEN-SEQUENCE cannot be empty is neither right nor wrong

EXEMPLAR a role or status so, acquired not intrinsic and always relative to activity so, non-exclusive

DOCUMENT = SURFACE + TEXT each is unique

EXEMPLAR An act of transcription necessarily involves an EXEMPLAR, but does not necessarily involve a DOCUMENT

MARK SURFACE READING TOKEN-SEQUENCE (E) EXEMPLAR TEXT DOCUMENT AWARENESS OF WRITING intent to produceTOKEN-SEQUENCE (T)

transcription copy The sets of semantic elements that comprise the meanings of transcription and copy certainly intersect, but they are not identical and one does not subsume the other.

Sperberg-McQueen, C. M., Claus Huitfeldt, and Allen Renear (2001). Meaning and interpretation of markup. Markup Languages: Theory & Practice 2.3: 215234 Huitfeldt, Claus, and C. M. Sperberg-McQueen (2008). What is transcription? Literary & Linguistic Computing 23.3: 295-310. Caton, Paul (2009). Lost in Transcription: Types, Tokens, and Modality in Document Representation. Paper given at Digital Humanities 2009 Sperberg-McQueen, C. M.. Claus Huitfeldt, and Yves Marcoux (2009). What is transcription? Part 2. Talk given at Digital Humanities 2009 Huitfeldt, Claus, Yves Marcoux, and C. M. Sperberg-McQueen (2010). Extension of the type/token distinction to document structure. Paper presented at Balisage: The Markup Conference 2010 Caton, Paul (2012). On the Term Text in Digital Humanities. Literary & Linguistic Computing. 28.2: 209-220. Caton, Paul (2013). Pure transcriptional encoding. Paper given at Digital Humanities 2013 Sperberg-McQueen, C. M., Yves Marcoux, and Claus Huitfeldt (2014). Transcriptional implicature: a contribution to markup semantics. Paper presented at Digital Humanities 2014, Lausanne, Switzerland. Relevant work

https://www.facebook.com/kcl.ddh #KingsDH Department of Digital Humanities Kings College London Slides available at: www.slideshare.net/PaulCaton/