Sedimentary Rocks (2-4).notebook - Ms....
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Sedimentary Rocks (24).notebook 1 February 02, 2015 Jan 2912:16 PM Sedimentary Rocks Section 24 Jan 2912:19 PM How Do Sedimentary Rocks Form? What Are the 3 Major Types of Sedimentary Rocks? How Are Sedimentary Rocks Used?
Transcript of Sedimentary Rocks (2-4).notebook - Ms....
Sedimentary Rocks (24).notebook
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Sedimentary Rocks
Section 24
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How Do Sedimentary Rocks Form?
What Are the 3 Major Types of Sedimentary Rocks?
How Are Sedimentary Rocks Used?
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How Do Sedimentary Rocks Form
Sediment is small, solid pieces of material that came from rocks or living things
Sedimentary rock form when sediment is
deposited by water or wind
Most sedimentary rocks are formed through the process; weathering/erosion, deposition, compaction and cementation
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weathering the Earth's surface is constantly broken up by weathering (wind, water, ice, chemicals, plant roots)
erosion the process by which running water, wind, or ice carry away bits of broken rock
deposition water can carry away sediment to a lake or ocean; materials are deposited and sinks (process by which sediment settles out of the water or wind carrying it)
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compaction the process that presses sediments together
layers build up over years and weight of new layers can
squeeze older ones together
cementation the process in which dissolved minerals crystallize and glue particles of sediments together
take place during compaction
minerals get dissolved by water
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What are the 3 types of Sedimentary RocksGeologists classify sedimentary rocks according to the type of sediment
Clastic
Organic
Chemical
Different processes form each type
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Clastic Rock
Is a sedimentary rock formed when rock fragments are squeezed together
fragments may vary in size from clay particles to large rocks
clastic rocks are grouped together by the size of the fragment
shale= clay
sandstone = sand
conglomerate= rounded fragment
breccia= jagged fragments
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Organic Rock
Forms from remains where plants and animals are deposited in layers
"organic" once were alive/ part living or
made by living things
coal swamp plants buried under water
layers build up
weight squeezes decaying plants together
over millions of years will turn into coal
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Limestone
forms in the ocean
living things like coral, clams and oysters have hard shells/
skeletons
these are made of calcite
when the animals die , the shells pile up on the ocean floor
compaction and cementation occur
change sediment over time
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Chemical Rocks
Form when minerals are dissolved in a water solution and crystallize
limestone calcite is dissolved in a lake,
comes out as a solution and crystallizes
Also forms when lakes or sea evaporate
Rock salt ( halite)
Forms from evaporation
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How are sedimentary rocks used?
People have used sedimentary rock throughout history for many purposes including tools, and building materials
chert = spear heads
flint, sandstone = buildings
limestone= cement, steel, buildings
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Lesson 4 Sedimentary Rocks
Most sedimentary rocks form by weathering, erosion, deposition, compaction and cementation.
Three major types of sedimentary rocks are clastic rocks, organic rocks and chemical rocks.
People use sedimentary rocks for tools and building materials
