SDR 101 Ham Radio University...
Transcript of SDR 101 Ham Radio University...
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SDR101HamRadioUniversity2021RiaJairam,N2RJyoutube.com/RiaJairamn2rj.com
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AboutN2RJLicensed1997-TrinidadandTobago
Licensed2001-BrooklynNYUSA
Occupation:ITsystemsengineeringteamlead
Hamradiohasnurturedmygiftoftechnicalcuriosityandhasenabledmetolearntechandengineering.MyhamradioElmerswereTonyLee-Mack,9Y4AL(teacher),andSteveMendelsohn,W2ML.
Igotinvolvedinhamradioinschool,throughtheinfluenceofateacher.
IamproudtohelpandservetheamateurradiocommunityasadirectorofARRLanddistrictchairforYLRL.
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Noteonradios
• IamaFlexradiouser,butthatdoesnotmeanthatthesetechniquescannotbeappliedtootherradios.Iwillbemostlytalkingaboutmyexperiences,andshowinghowIoperateontheFlexRadioplatform
• Thistalkisnotspecificallyendorsednorsponsoredbyanyradiomanufacturer
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Myradiostory
• I’veenjoyedDXingeversinceIwasachild-SWLing,listeningtodifferentcountries,culturesbutmostimportantlyenjoying“radioforradio’ssake”
• Ihavelearnedsomuch• Aboutmystation• Aboutpropagation• Abouttheworld
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OtherthingsI’vedone/do
• Emcomm/ARES• Primarilyinanurbanenvironment
• Homebrew/kits• Drones/sUAS• Contesting• Ragchews
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WhatisanSDR?
• AnSDRreplacessomeorallofthecomponentsofananalogradiowithsoftware
• SpecificallyRFcomponents• Detector• Modulator
• DirectSamplingtakestheRFoutoftheairandconvertsittodigitalbits
• “Baseband”SDRstakeRFdownconvertedtobaseband• I/Qsignals
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Today’sSDRlandscapeSoftwaredefinedradiosarethenewkidon
theblockbutinrealitythey’vebeenaroundforawhilenow.
Whatisdifferentisadoption.WefindthemainstreamradiomanufacturersadoptingDirectSamplingSDRtechnology,andthe“boutique”onesgoingmainstream.
Thetippingpointhasbeenreached.SDRismainstream.
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WhatcananSDRofferyou?1.Visibility-SEEthespectrum2.Performance-thebestperformingradiostodayaretypicallySDRs.
3.Integration-everythingcantalktoeverything4.Remoteoperation-SDRsenableyoutobethere,evenwhenyouarenot.
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VisibilitySeethespectrum
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VisibilityThisoneisstraightforward.SDRstypically
havesophisticatedbandscopes.Theycanshowyouwhatishappeningwellbeyondwhatyoucanhear.
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VisibilitywithdecodingSDRscanalsofeedentirebandsand
multiplebandstodecodepopularmodes.
TodaywecandecodeMorsecodeanddigitalmodes.
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VisibilitywithoverlaysSomeSDRsoffertheabilitytooverlay
informationonthepanadapterdisplay.ThiscanbefedfromaDXtelnetclusterorotherinformationsource.
ThiscanenablepointandclickorpointandtapDXing
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ApracticalapplicationforDXing
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VisibilityforEmcomm
• Scoutoutclearspots• Seewhoisinterfering• FiltersincludingTNF
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PerformanceWhenyouplacesignalsintheanalog
domain,theyareaffectedadverselybyenvironmentalfactorsinourelectricallynoisyworld.
Whensignalsareinthedigitaldomain,theyareisolatedfromtheseenvironmentalfactors.
ThereforeyouwillfindthatthingslikenoiseflooranddynamicrangearesubstantiallybetteronanSDR
Additionally,withdirectsamplingSDRsyouwillfindthatlessrelianceonanalogmixersmeanslessphasenoise.
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PerformanceRobSherwood,NC0Bhasbeendoingtests
ofreceivers(andnowtransmitters)foralongtime.Hisrankingsaregenerallyconsideredtobethemetricthatthecommunitylooksfortheirreceiverstobemeasuredby.YoucanseethatagoodnumberofthetopperformersareSDRs.Butaswithanything,therearecaveats.
Inparticular,receiversaremeasuredfortheirabilitytopickoutweakersignalsinterspersedbetweensmallerones.However,anythingabove80-90dB3rdorderdynamicrangeismoreofanumbersgame
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Performance-ARRLLabtests
ARRLlabalsotestsSDRs,withgenerallyhighperformanceaswell.
ARRLhasdevelopedthemetriccalled“RMDR”or"ReciprocalMixingDynamicRange"whichalsomeasurestheabilitytohearweaksignalsamongadjacentstrongones.
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Caveat-dynamicrangeAnSDRcansufferfromoverloadpretty
quickly.ThisiswhythetopperformersgenerallyhaveanalogfiltersbeforetheADC.
Clippingintheanalogworldisn’tasnearlyasbadasinthedigitalworld.Onceyoureachthetopindigital,youareatthetop.Thereisnowiggleroom.
SometraditionalradiomanufacturershavetheSDRafteratraditionalfront-endtomitigatethis.
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IntegrationTheconnectedshack
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Integrationandtheconnectedshack
Todaytheaveragehamstationisnotjustaradioandapaperlogbook.Today’shamshackiscenteredaroundtheradioANDthecomputer.Notjustfordigitalmodesbutforlogging,contestingandautomation.
Alotofthiscanbe“blamed”ontheriseofWSJT,butalsothingsweretrendinginthatdirectionanyway.
SoftwaresuchasN1MM+,DXLogandothersarebestusedwithaconnectiontotheradio.Softwaredefinedradioimplementationstendtoberichinconnections.
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WhyIntegrationmatters
• Concentrateonthemission• Onceyougetonesoftwareapplicationworkingyoucaneasilygetothersworking
• Winlinkersalreadyknowthis,butit’snotintuitiveunlessyougetintoit!
• I’llbegivingthefulltreatmenttosystemintegrationatQSOTodayhamradioexpoinMarch2021
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Integration-lesswiring
BetterIntegrationalsomeanslesswiring.Thiscanincreasereliabilityandoffergreatercapabilitytointegrate,evenovertheInternet.
Manyradiostoday,SDRandnonSDRcomewithUSBconnectionsthatcarrymanysignalsononebus.
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EthernetportsManySDRradiostoday,especially
computercontrolledonescomewithanethernetport.Thiscanenablelesscableclutterandremoteoperation.
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RemoteoperationWhenyourworldisyourshack
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Nohumanbeingcanbeeverywhereatonce
• Mylifedoesnotrevolveamonghamradio.Ihavefamilyandothercommitments.
• However,IstillmanagetoworkrareonesandfillupmylogbookwithDX,andputprettyplaquesonthewall.Howcanthisbe?
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RemoteoperationforEmcomm
• Goodlocationforradio,badforoperators• Radioonmountaintop,operatorsincity
• Solution:Remoteoperation• Shareradioswithyourcrew• OperateNCSeasilywithapowerfulstation• TheinternetbecomesyourSTL(Broadcastersknow!)
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RemoteoperationRemoteoperationofyourownstationisa
powerfultooltokeepontheairevenwhenyouareawayfromhome.
Severalsolutionstothisexist-someturnkey,somenotsoturnkey
Whentheradioissoftwaredefineditisaloteasier,astheseradiosarebasedondataratherthananalogsignals,sotheycanbesentanywhere
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Moretoolsofthetrade
WSPRforpropagationanalysis(learnwhenbandopensandclosesatyourlocation)
FT8forcrude(buteffective)propagationanalysis
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Whatcanyougetfor$1?
Nothing!
ButyoucangetafunctionalSDRreceiverfor$21
SoftrockisthegrandaddyofcheapSDR
NeedsaPCsoundcardbutitworksratherwell.
CanbeusedforCWskimmerandmonitoringoftheband
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CommercialsolutionsThesearebasedonRTL-SDR
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Areyougettingout?Seehowwellyougetoutwithinternet
connectedSDRs.
SendafewCQsandthengotoreversebeacon.netandseehowyouarebeingheard,andwhere.
Thisisagoodwaytoseehowyourstationcomparestoyourpeers…
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Whose(signal)isbigger?
Aneatlittletoolcantellyou.
www.reversebeacon.net/analysis
Chooseaspotter,andthenentercallsigns.Plotthemonagraph.
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Questions?