Rise of Rome

Rise of RomeWorld HistoryGeography of Rome

Geography

Peninsula: Italian PeninsulaMountainsAlps: northApennines: length of ItalyRugged land made travel difficultVolcano's: Mt. Vesuvius

Hills: where they built their citiesRome was built on 7 hills near the Tiber RiverClimateSimilar to CaliforniaWarm dry summers & mild wet winters

Crops: grains, citrus fruit, and olivesPlentiful food

Beginnings of RomeAeneas (I-nee-uhs)Trojan HeroGreeks destroyed Troy he left and went to Italy.Aeneid written by VirgilCreated an alliance with the Latin'sMarried the daughter of a Latin KingRomulus & RemusAccording to LegendDescendants of AeneasTwins placed in a riverRaised by wolvesFound by a farmerCreated Rome

Rome's Early Kings753 BC Romulus is the first kingRoman records say 7 kings ruled RomeNot all of them were RomanLast 3 were EtruscansBuilt temples, made sewersAlphabet & numbers Last king was cruelKilled many 509 BC nobles rose up & overthrew the kingEarly RepublicRepublic: people elect leaders to govern themCreated in 509 BC by the noblesElected officialsTerm limits: one yearNot a democracyElected officials were wealthyOthers had little to no say in how Rome was runExternal Challenges War for 50 yearsPeople from the regionDuring difficult wars they changed governmentDictator: ruler with absolute powerTerm limit: 6 monthsCincinnatusPower in 458 BCFarmerReturned power back to Rome before 6 months was upAdmired by the Romans

Internal ChallengesPlebeians vs. PatriciansPlebeian: common peoplePeasants, craftsman, tradersSome were as wealthy as PatriciansNOT allowed to participate in governmentPatrician: noblesElected officialsHold all political power

494 BC Plebeians form a councilElected their own officialsThey outnumber the PatriciansPatricians change their mind: Plebeians can participate in government

Government & SocietyCreate a 3 part GovernmentWritten LawsRoman ForumThree Part GovernmentTripartite: government with 3 partsMagistrates: elected officialsConsuls: 2 most powerful Magistrates1 year termFinances, games, & festivalsSenateRoman Senate: council of wealthy and powerful Romans that advised cities leadersAdvised consulsHeld office for lifeBecame more powerful than magistratesTook control of financesAssemblies & TribunesProtected the common peopleTwo branchesAssemblies & TribunesAssembliesIncluded Patricians & PlebeiansElect magistratesVoted on going to warParticipate their entire adult lives

TribunesElected officialsVeto: or prohibitTerm limit: 1 year