RECUWATT Conference - Emmanuel Serna lecture

WtERT GERMANYWaste-to-Energy Research and Technology Councilhttp://www.wtert.eu

Overview of Waste-to-EnergySituation in the EU-12

M.Sc.-Ing. Emmanuel Serna

Recuwatt ConferenceMataró, Catalunya-Spain28 March 2011

OUTLINE

WtERT Germany

Waste Managementin the EU-12

Status and Trends of EU-12 WtE Plants (Incineration)

OUTLINE

WtERT Germany



ROOTS

Source: BGR Study on Energy Resources 2009; diagram modified

Range of coverage for non-renewable energy sourcesGlobal Changes - Availability of resources

Reserves Resources

500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000Years

4022

74

324

2.711

4.013

58

39

125

261

62

132

363

2.836

4.274Brown coal

Hard coal

Uranium

Natural gas

Crude oil

ROOTS

Global Changes – Climate changesDevelopment of the global mean temperature

Source: Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). "Climate change 2007“

ROOTS

MSW Generation slowly increases in EuropeMunicipal waste generation per capita in Europe

Source: European Environment Agency

BACKGROUND

Disposal

Energy recovery

RecyclingQuelle:www.egb-bocholt.de

Re-useAvoidance

Waste-to-Energy…is part of recycling management

Waste Disposal is history…today the accepted objective of everyresponsible waste economy strategymust be the use of waste as a resource

ORIGINS

1995 2003 2006 2007 2008 2009

EEC Foundation WTERT Council

WTERT China

WTERT Canada

WTERT Greece

WtERT Germany

WTERT Japan, Brazil

WTERTUK, France

2010

Foundation

2011

m5ES12ES13

Diapositiva 8

m5 Expanded Information:

History of WtERT

The Earth Engineering Center of Columbia University was founded in 1995 by Professor Nickolas Themelis with the original mission of directing “engineering research on processes and products thatbalance the increasing use of materials, the finite resources of the Earth, and the need for clean water, soil, and air”. (EECCU) Over the years the center focused on sustainable waste management in the USA, and, together with the Integrated Waste Services Association, formed the WtERT Councilin 2002.

WtERT has important academic partners which conduct analytical and experimental researches. The findings of WtERT and its partners are then reported in the WtERT bi-annual meetings and also in the webpage.

The academic partners are the National Technical University of Athens, the University of Thrace and the University of Patras from Greece, the Politecnico di Milano from Italy, the Sheffield University from the UK, the SUNY Stony Brook's Marine Sciences Research Center from the USA, and the Zhejiang University from China.mserna; 17/05/2010

ES12 WtERT Objectives:

To identify the best available technologies for the treatment of various waste materials, conduct additional academic research as required, and disseminate this information with its publications, the WtERT web page, and annual meeting.

Bring together engineers, scientists, and managers from industry, universities, and government with the objective of advancing the goals of sustainable waste management globally.Emmanuel Serna; 26/05/2010

ES13 Foundation dates of WtERT Sister Organizations:November 2006 - WtERT ChinaMay 2007 - WtERT CanadaJuly 2008 - WtERT GreeceEmmanuel Serna; 26/05/2010

RESEARCH TOPICS

Current Landfill Gas Utilization

Thermal Treatment

Anaerobic Treatment

GOALS

Networking & Communication

Networking

Consulting

Organize meetings

State of the Art technologies

Scientific research

Knowledge transfer

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OUTLINE

WtERT Germany



NEW EU MEMBER STATESSINCE 2004 “EU-12“

* Joined EU in 2007

Bulgaria *

Cyprus

Czech RepublicEstonia

Hungary

LatviaLithuania

Malta

PolandSlovakia

Slovenia

Romania *

Finland

Sweden

Germany

Estonia

Latvia

Lithuania

Poland

CzechRep.

Austria

Italy

France

Ireland UK

SpainPortugal

Slovakia

Hungary

Romania

Bulgaria

Greece

CyprusMalta

Denmark

Netherlands

BelgiumLuxembourg

Slovenia

Incineration > 28% and Landfill < 25%Incineration > 8% and Landfill 26-65%Incineration > 8% and Landfill > 65%no incinerationnon-member states

EUROPEAN WASTETREATMENT IN 2009

Source: Eurostat 2011

WASTE GENERATION

~ 72%

Source: ETC/RWM 2008ES11

EUROPEAN WASTE LAW

EU Directives promoterecovery + recycling

2008/98/EC on Waste► Regulates and dictates waste management in the EU► Protection of the environment and human health► Reduction of adverse global impacts► 5-Step Waste Hierarchy implemented (Avoidance, Re-use, Recycle, Recovery incl. Waste-to-Energy, Safe Disposal)

1999/31/EC on the Landfill of Waste► Strict requirements for landfill construction► Controls type of waste to be landfilled

2000/76/EC on the Incineration of Waste

► Prevention or reduction of pollution caused by incineration plants► Sets emission limits

Since 1995, Since 1995, landfilling in Europe landfilling in Europe

has fallen from has fallen from

6262% to % to 3838%%

ES7

Diapositiva 15

ES11 Waste production is strongly related to the population and the development of the national economy, measured with the gross domestic product (GDP) [Zunft 2009]. As the EU has helped member states to increase their wealth and to standardize the possibilities in the whole union, the union’s population has grown wealthier and has changed its production and consumption patterns [EEA 2007b], and therefore creating more waste than before. Emmanuel Serna; 29/09/2010

Diapositiva 16

ES7 EU Law is directly binding or has to be implemented into national law.

National Law can have more stringent requirements than EU.Emmanuel Serna; 26/05/2010

OUTLINE

WtERT Germany



No information found

Cyprus MaltaLatvia

Landfilling

Recycling

Bulgaria

Objective: n/a (European Commission is suing Bulgaria for failing to improve its WM infrastructure)

Name Capacity (t/a) Status

Sofia(MBT Plant)

n/a Should start operating in 2012 (Project co-financed by EU)

100 % 0 % 0 % 0 %Landfilled Recycled Incinerated Composted

Romania

Objective: 17% of total MSW shall be incinerated


Timisoara 150,000 Feasibility study done

Bucharest 750,000 Feasibility study done

Brasov 150,000 Feasibility study done

Region 1 North-East

300,000 Early stage of development

n/a 300,000 Early stage of development


Lithuania

Objective: At least 3 WtE Plants ~ 360-420 kilo tons/year


Vilnius 250,000 n/a

Kaunas n/a Waiting for construction permit

Klaipeda 272,000 Under constructionOperation to start in 2013

Siauliai n/a Feasibility study under preparation

Panevezys n/a Feasibility study under preparation


Estonia

Objective: 2 MSW incineration plants + 1 RDF


Tallinn 220,000 Construction to begin in 2012

Kunda Nordic Cement Plant

n/a Working as co-incineration plant with RDF since 2010


Slovenia


Celje 25,000 Under operation

Ljubljana 60,000 Under construction, to be finalized in 2015

Maribor n/a Early stage of development


Slovakia


Bratislava 140,000 Under operationModernized in 2003-2004

Kosice 80,000 Under operation Efficiency improvement until 2013

Zilina 80,000 Early stage of development


Czech Republic


SAKO Brno 210,000 Under operationTotally renewed from 2002 to 2010

SKO Praha 310,000 Under operation

SKO Liberec 96,000 Under operation

Plzen Region 60,000 – 100,000 Construction to start 2012, until 2016

Pardubice / Hradec Kralove

20,000 Early stage of development

Vysocina 100,000 Planned by 2018

Karvina 200,000 – 350,000 Early stage of development


Hungary


Budapest I 420,000 Under operationTotally renewed from 2002 to 2005

Budapest II 300,000 Early stage of development. (2020?)

Közep-Duna 125,000 n/a

Eszak-Balatoni 125,000 Early stage of development. (2015?)

Eszak Mo. 200,000 n/a

Eszak-Kelet Mo. 150,000 Early stage of development. (2015?)

Del-Dunantuli 100,000 Early stage of development. (2015?)

Del-Alföldi 220,000 Early stage of development. (2020?)

Hajduboszormeny - Cancelled due to publicunacceptance of WtE!!!


Poland


Zusok (Warsaw) 40,000 Under operation

Lodz 250,000 Should start operating in 2014-2015

Krakow 250,000

Warsaw 265,000

Bialystock 100,000

Gdansk 250,000

Upper Silesia 500,000

Poznan 200,000

Szczecin 180,000

Bydgoszcz and Torun

180,000

Koszalin 120,000

Olsztyn 120,000 Withdrawn


WtE IN 2010

Existing Facilities► Brno► Praha► Liberec► Celje► Budapest► Warsaw 1► Slovakia 1, Slovakia 2

Image: Google Maps

WtE IN 2015?

Existing Facilities► Brno► Praha 1, Praha 2► Liberec► Celje► Budapest► Warsaw 1► Slovakia 1, Slovakia 2

To be constructed► Tallin► Vilnius► Klaipeda► Kaunas► Lodz► Warsaw 2► Bialystok► Gdansk► Katowice► Poznan► Szczecin► Bydogoszcz & Torun► Olsztyn► Koszalin► Ljubljana► Maribor► Timisoara► Brasov► Bucharest► North-East Romania

Image: Google Maps

INTERESTED IN LEARNING MORE ABOUT WtE IN EASTERN EUROPE?

WtERT Annual Meeting Europe

When?12-13 September 2011

Where?Warsaw, Poland

Topics?- Waste Management in

Eastern Europe- Politics, Society and Law- Technology: Status and

Developments- and more

Image: SuchaMarco

THANK YOUFOR YOUR ATTENTION!

Please join our WtE Network Today!http://www.wtert.eu

RECUWATT Conference - Emmanuel Serna lecture

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