PROJECT

ON

TRANSFORMER

Roll No. 2615346

Class: 12th -F

Delhi Public School, Faridabad

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I am very much grateful to my teacher who has given me

enrichment in preparing the project. He has given his full

devotion to prepare this project on “Transformer” at my

level. What are the related aspects and basic things? I have

mentioned all these things in precise with my full efforts. At

least, I am thankful to my teacher “Mr. Inderjeet Verma”.

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that my student Harman Toor of

Class XII–F (Med.) has successfully completed this

project on "Transformer". She 'has shown keen

interest to execute this project & gained substantial

amount of knowledge on this topic.

Signature

INDEX

1. Introduction

2. Description

3. Uses

4. Power Losses

5. Bibliography

INTRODUCTION

A transformer is an electrical device that transfers electrical

energy between two or more circuits through electromagnetic

induction. Electromagnetic induction produces an

electromotive force across a conductor which is exposed to

time varying magnetic fields. Commonly, transformers are

used to increase or decrease the voltages of alternating current

in electric power applications.

DESCRIPTION

A varying current in the transformer's primary winding creates

a varying magnetic flux in the transformer core and a varying

magnetic field impinging on the transformer's secondary

winding. This varying magnetic field at the secondary

winding induces a varying electromotive force (EMF) or

voltage in the secondary winding due to electromagnetic

induction. Making use of Faraday's Law (discovered in 1831)

in conjunction with high magnetic permeability core

properties, transformers can thus be designed to efficiently

change AC voltages from one voltage level to another within

power networks.

USES

The most important uses and application of Transformer are:

It can rise or lower the level of level of Voltage or

Current ( when voltage increases, current decreases and

vice virsa because  P =V x I, and Power is same )  in an

AC Circuit.

It can increase or decrease the value of capacitor, an

inductor or resistance in an AC circuit. It can thus act as

an impedance transferring device.  

It can be used to prevent DC from passing from one

circuit to the other. 

it can isolate two circuits electrically.

POWER LOSES

Hysteresis losses

Each time the magnetic field is reversed, a small amount

of energy is lost due to hysteresis within the core.

Eddy current losses

Eddy currents are induced currents set up in bulk materials

which lead to power loss in transformer

Copper Losses

Energy losses due to resistance of primary and secondary

windings

Leakage Flux

Flux is set up in air gaps rather in magnetic core which causes

power loss

BIBLIOGRAPHY

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transformer#Basic_principles

http://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/transformer