Zack Lane ReCAP Coordinator February 2012 ReCAP Columbia University.
PAWG Meeting #2...2. Study Goals Understand existing conditions (to frame project needs and goals)...
Transcript of PAWG Meeting #2...2. Study Goals Understand existing conditions (to frame project needs and goals)...
PAWG
Meeting #2
May 17, 2017
LYNX Central Station – Open Area
1
Study Area
▪ 23 Miles along SR 436
▪ Regional and gateway corridor
▪ Connects 7 jurisdictions
▪ 11 LYNX routes along and 8 LYNX
routes across the corridor
▪ 3 SuperStops
RECAP COMMUNITY INPUT ISSUES & OPPORTUNITIES GOALS & OBJECTIVES
OIA
Curry Ford
Red Bug Lake
SR 50
SR
43
4
I-4
Hoffner
Aloma
SR 408
2
Study Goals
▪ Understand existing conditions (to frame project needs and goals)
▪ Analyze relationship between transit and land use
▪ Identify feasible alternatives to achieve project goals
RECAP COMMUNITY INPUT ISSUES & OPPORTUNITIES GOALS & OBJECTIVES
3
Schedule
2017 2018Jan Mar May Jul Sep Nov 2018 Mar May
1/17 - 5/17
What are the issues, opportunities, & objectives?
6/17 - 8/17What are our
alternatives?
9/17 - 12/17Which alternatives best meet our
goals, needs, & objectives?
1/18 - 4/18Which alternatives do we want to move forward?
5/18 -
6/18How can we best fund & implement
the preferred alternative?
RECAP COMMUNITY INPUT ISSUES & OPPORTUNITIES GOALS & OBJECTIVES
4
Stakeholder
Interviews
IN-PERSON
INTERVIEWS
RECAP COMMUNITY INPUT ISSUES & OPPORTUNITIES GOALS & OBJECTIVES
5
RECAP COMMUNITY INPUT ISSUES & OPPORTUNITIES GOALS & OBJECTIVES
Community
Events
EVENTS
6
RECAP COMMUNITY INPUT ISSUES & OPPORTUNITIES GOALS & OBJECTIVES
Community
Events
EVENTS
7
Gateway Orlando Rebranding
Full Sail SCA Networking
Summit
Semoran Block Party
Casselberry EarthFest
Neighborhood Leadership
Council*
Orlando Gateway Guardian*
Red, Hot, and Boom** Future
RECAP COMMUNITY INPUT ISSUES & OPPORTUNITIES GOALS & OBJECTIVES
Website
KPAGE VIEWS
8
RECAP COMMUNITY INPUT ISSUES & OPPORTUNITIES GOALS & OBJECTIVES
Survey Highlights
RESPONSES
9
RECAP COMMUNITY INPUT ISSUES & OPPORTUNITIES GOALS & OBJECTIVES
What’s your
Home ZIP?
10
RECAP COMMUNITY INPUT ISSUES & OPPORTUNITIES GOALS & OBJECTIVES
What’s your relationship to SR 436?
11
RECAP COMMUNITY INPUT ISSUES & OPPORTUNITIES GOALS & OBJECTIVES
Modes of Travel on SR 436
12
91%
16%
13%
9%
8%
7%
2%
NOTE: Numbers do not add up to 100% because percentages calculated based on unique respondents (N= 286)
RECAP COMMUNITY INPUT ISSUES & OPPORTUNITIES GOALS & OBJECTIVES
Why not bus?
13
73%
27%
17%
17%
16%
14%
8%
6%
NOTE: Numbers do not add up to 100% because percentages calculated based on unique respondents that did not take the bus (N= 267)
RECAP COMMUNITY INPUT ISSUES & OPPORTUNITIES GOALS & OBJECTIVES
Common Likes
14
“Lots of businesses, stores and
restaurants”
“Traffic flows pretty well”
“Straight path to the airport”
RECAP COMMUNITY INPUT ISSUES & OPPORTUNITIES GOALS & OBJECTIVES
Common Dislikes
15
“Too much traffic and too many
signals out of sync”
“Lack of pedestrian and bike
accommodations”
“Pedestrians crossing at midblock”
Existing Conditions
RECAP COMMUNITY INPUT ISSUES & OPPORTUNITIES GOALS & OBJECTIVES
16
Existing Conditions
“”
RECAP COMMUNITY INPUT ISSUES & OPPORTUNITIES GOALS & OBJECTIVES
17
What are the corridor issues and
opportunities that can help
frame project goals and
objectives?
18
RECAP COMMUNITY INPUT ISSUES & OPPORTUNITIES GOALS & OBJECTIVES
One Street, Many Roles
19
RECAP COMMUNITY INPUT ISSUES & OPPORTUNITIES GOALS & OBJECTIVES
One Street, Many Roles
▪ Context classification informs
planners and engineers about the
type and intensity of users along
various roadway segments.
▪ For non-limited-access
roadways, the FDOT Design
Manual (FDM) provides design
criteria and standards based on
context classification
FDOT Context Classification
FDOT Design Manual Design Speed Ranges for Non-limited Access Facilities
Context ClassificationAllowable Design Speed Range for
Non-SIS (mph)
C1 – Natural 55-70
C2 – Rural 55-70
C2T – Rural Town 25-45
C3 – Suburban 35-55
C4 – Urban General 30-45
C5 – Urban Center 25-35
C6 – Urban Core 25-30
Context Classification Matrix
Context
ClassificationDistinguishing Characteristics
Primary Measures Secondary Measures
22
RECAP COMMUNITY INPUT ISSUES & OPPORTUNITIES GOALS & OBJECTIVES
FDOT Context
Classification
OIA
Curry Ford
Red Bug Lake
SR 50
SR
43
4
I-4
Hoffner
Aloma
SR 408
23
RECAP COMMUNITY INPUT ISSUES & OPPORTUNITIES GOALS & OBJECTIVES
Character SegmentsRed Bug Lake
SR 50
SR
43
4
I-4
Hoffner
Aloma
SR 408
OIA Expansion ▪ New intermodal facility and new south terminal coming to OIA soon
24
RECAP COMMUNITY INPUT ISSUES & OPPORTUNITIES GOALS & OBJECTIVES
Development and
Redevelopment Trends
▪ OIA and Airport Influence Area
▪ Lee Vista Area
▪ Full Sail Area
▪ City of Casselberry
▪ City of Altamonte Springs
25
RECAP COMMUNITY INPUT ISSUES & OPPORTUNITIES GOALS & OBJECTIVES
OIA
Curry Ford
Red Bug Lake
SR 50
SR
43
4
I-4
Hoffner
Aloma
SR 408
Retail, Hospitality, and Other Services
Manufacturing and Logistics
Healthcare, Education, and Government
Professional Services
Source: Robert Manduca, using LEHD 2014 data
Employment
▪ Dense employment
pockets provide natural
transit anchors
RECAP COMMUNITY INPUT ISSUES & OPPORTUNITIES GOALS & OBJECTIVES
OIA
Curry Ford
Red Bug Lake
SR 50
SR
43
4
I-4
Hoffner
Aloma
SR 408
Retail, Hospitality, and Other Services
Manufacturing and Logistics
Healthcare, Education, and Government
Professional Services
Source: Robert Manduca, using LEHD 2014 data
Employment
RECAP COMMUNITY INPUT ISSUES & OPPORTUNITIES GOALS & OBJECTIVES
OIA
Curry Ford
Red Bug Lake
SR 50
SR
43
4
I-4
Hoffner
Aloma
SR 408
Retail, Hospitality, and Other Services
Manufacturing and Logistics
Healthcare, Education, and Government
Professional Services
Source: Robert Manduca, using LEHD 2014 data
“Only 2% of OIA
employees took LYNX
to work in 2015, down
from 7% in 2000”Source: GOAA Employee TDM Survey
Employment
RECAP COMMUNITY INPUT ISSUES & OPPORTUNITIES GOALS & OBJECTIVES
OIA
Curry Ford
Red Bug Lake
SR 50
SR
43
4
I-4
Hoffner
Aloma
SR 408
Travel Patterns
RECAP COMMUNITY INPUT ISSUES & OPPORTUNITIES GOALS & OBJECTIVES
▪ Travel patterns
emphasize need for
system-level
thinking
▪ 86% of trips start or
end outside of the
corridor
Source: AirSage Data (April 2015), obtained from MetroPlan Orlando29
43%
43%
14%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
Outbound
Inbound
Internal
Percentage of Trips Interacting with the Study Corridor
Travel Patterns
RECAP COMMUNITY INPUT ISSUES & OPPORTUNITIES GOALS & OBJECTIVES
Source: AirSage Data (April 2015), obtained from MetroPlan Orlando30
14%
8%
18%
12%
0% 5% 10% 15% 20%
AllTrips
HBW
HBO
NHB
Percentage of Trips Internal to the Study Corridor▪ Travel patterns
emphasize need for
system-level
thinking
▪ 86% of trips start or
end outside of the
corridor
Travel Patterns
RECAP COMMUNITY INPUT ISSUES & OPPORTUNITIES GOALS & OBJECTIVES
Source: AirSage Data (April 2015), obtained from MetroPlan Orlando31
▪ Short-distance trips
within character
districts
April 2015 - All Day
Trips From
Trips To
Airport_F
Airport
Influence
Area
Mid-Density
Est.
Communities
Suburban
Communities
Suburban
Commercial
Rest of
Region
Airport_F 26,679 31,490 3,448 1,853 1,335 165,792
Airport Influence Area 32,721 42,709 5,918 2,947 1,878 197,578
Mid-Density Est.
Communities 3,981 6,547 28,540 5,867 1,568 112,333
Suburban Communities 2,114 3,142 5,756 61,093 12,647 209,594
Commercial Areas 1,417 1,840 1,590 12,317 53,622 204,726
Rest of Region 178,230 205,901 111,130 207,876 205,121 6,594,352
Travel Patterns
RECAP COMMUNITY INPUT ISSUES & OPPORTUNITIES GOALS & OBJECTIVES
32Source: Lynx On-Board Survey (January to April 2017)
▪ Most SR 436 riders
must transfer routes
Bu
s T
ran
sfe
rs
Travel
Patterns
RECAP COMMUNITY INPUT ISSUES & OPPORTUNITIES GOALS & OBJECTIVES
33Source: Lynx On-Board Survey (January to April 2017)
▪ Lots of transfers in one
location (Fern Park)
Transportation Infrastructure
RECAP COMMUNITY INPUT ISSUES & OPPORTUNITIES GOALS & OBJECTIVES
34
▪ Infrastructure not inviting
to pedestrians and
bicyclists
▪ Ample ROW could be used for multimodal infrastructure
▪ Several planning and implementation efforts targeted to address safety
RECAP COMMUNITY INPUT ISSUES & OPPORTUNITIES GOALS & OBJECTIVES
35
RECAP COMMUNITY INPUT ISSUES & OPPORTUNITIES GOALS & OBJECTIVES
36
Development
Patterns
RECAP COMMUNITY INPUT ISSUES & OPPORTUNITIES GOALS & OBJECTIVES
37Source: FDOT CARS data (2011-2015)
▪ Development is
primarily suburban
and car-oriented
Development
Patterns
RECAP COMMUNITY INPUT ISSUES & OPPORTUNITIES GOALS & OBJECTIVES
38
▪ Wide setbacks
▪ Large blocks that average 770 feet long,
but can range up to 2,600 feet.
Access
Management
39
▪ Access management is
often not consistent
with land uses
▪ Signals are spaced
1,600 ft. apart (on
average)
RECAP COMMUNITY INPUT ISSUES & OPPORTUNITIES GOALS & OBJECTIVES
OIA
Curry Ford
Red Bug Lake
SR 50
SR
43
4
I-4
Hoffner
Aloma
SR 408
OIA
Curry Ford
Red Bug Lake
SR 50
SR
43
4
I-4
Hoffner
Aloma
SR 408
Safety
RECAP COMMUNITY INPUT ISSUES & OPPORTUNITIES GOALS & OBJECTIVES
40
▪ Half of all fatal
crashes involved
pedestrians
Source: FDOT CARS data (2011-2015)
0% 10% 20% 30% 40%
Sideswipe
Head On
Right Turn
Fixed Object/Run-Off Road
Bicycle
Left Turn
Other
Angle
Pedestrian
Rear End
% of Incapacitating Injury and Fatal Crashes
Incapacitating Injury
Fatal
Housing &
Transportation
Affordability
RECAP COMMUNITY INPUT ISSUES & OPPORTUNITIES GOALS & OBJECTIVES
Source: Center for Neighborhood Technology, American Community Survey 2011-2015 41
▪ Many residents
burdened by the
cost of housing and
transportation
OIA
Curry Ford
Red Bug Lake
SR 50
SR
43
4
I-4
Hoffner
Aloma
SR 408
≤ 45%
> 45% and ≤ 60%
> 60% and ≤ 75%
> 75% and ≤ 90%
> 90%
RECAP COMMUNITY INPUT ISSUES & OPPORTUNITIES GOALS & OBJECTIVES
42
Housing &
Transportation
Affordability
Source: Center for Neighborhood Technology, MetroPlan Orlando Fact Sheet:
http://htaindex.cnt.org/fact-sheets/?focus=cbsa&gid=281#
▪ In the MetroPlan Orlando
region, the average household
is also burdened (61%)
Auto Traffic Operations
RECAP COMMUNITY INPUT ISSUES & OPPORTUNITIES GOALS & OBJECTIVES
43
Average Travel Speeds
RECAP COMMUNITY INPUT ISSUES & OPPORTUNITIES GOALS & OBJECTIVES
44
▪ Slowdowns are
limited to certain
segments
▪ No LOS F conditions
▪ Speeding is common
in off-peak
Source: HERE/NPMRDS Data (2016). Obtained from FDOT Central Office
OIA
Curry Ford
Red Bug Lake
SR 50
SR
43
4
I-4
Hoffner
Aloma
SR 408
15-18 mph
18-23 mph
23-31 mph
31-50 mph
50+ mph
Signalized
Intersection Operations
RECAP COMMUNITY INPUT ISSUES & OPPORTUNITIES GOALS & OBJECTIVES
45
• Turning movement
counts
• Pedestrian and
bicyclist activity
• Queuing and signal
delay analyses
OIA
Curry Ford
Red Bug Lake
SR 50
SR
43
4
I-4
Hoffner
Aloma
SR 408
Transit Operations
RECAP COMMUNITY INPUT ISSUES & OPPORTUNITIES GOALS & OBJECTIVES
46
47
Ridership
RECAP COMMUNITY INPUT ISSUES & OPPORTUNITIES GOALS & OBJECTIVES
48
▪ Links 436N and 436S
account for ~7% of
LYNX ridership
-
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
Annual R
iders
hip
Mill
ions
-12%
-10%
▪ Recent declines mirror
systemwide LYNX trends
Source: LYNX (2003-2015)
Ridership
RECAP COMMUNITY INPUT ISSUES & OPPORTUNITIES GOALS & OBJECTIVES
49
▪ 15,400 daily boardings and alightings
▪ Steady ridership through midday hours
Source: LYNX Automatic Passenger Counter Reports, August 2016 Schedule Period
Revenue
RECAP COMMUNITY INPUT ISSUES & OPPORTUNITIES GOALS & OBJECTIVES
50
▪ Ridership and farebox
revenues are high for
42, 436N, and 436S
$2.56 29%
Source: Lynx 2016 Performance Report
Passenger Flow
RECAP COMMUNITY INPUT ISSUES & OPPORTUNITIES GOALS & OBJECTIVES
51
▪ Ridership is
dispersed along the
long corridor
Source: Lynx Automatic Passenger Counter Reports, August 2016 Schedule Period
OIA
Curry Ford
Red Bug Lake
SR 50
SR
43
4 I-4
Hoffner
Aloma
SR 408
Stops
52
RECAP COMMUNITY INPUT ISSUES & OPPORTUNITIES GOALS & OBJECTIVES
▪ Enhancements at key stops can make for
a better transit experience
Stops
53
RECAP COMMUNITY INPUT ISSUES & OPPORTUNITIES GOALS & OBJECTIVES
Bus riders must wait very
close to fast moving traffic
40% of stops are just
sticks in the ground
Real-time arrival info
app coming soon
OIA
Curry Ford
Red Bug Lake
SR 50
SR
43
4
I-4
Hoffner
Aloma
SR 408
Project Goals & Objectives
54
RECAP COMMUNITY INPUT ISSUES & OPPORTUNITIES GOALS & OBJECTIVES
RECAP COMMUNITY INPUT ISSUES & OPPORTUNITIES GOALS & OBJECTIVES
Definitions
Goal:
A desired result or outcome that an
organization:
• Envisions,
• Plans, and
• Commits to achieve
Ex: “Enhance transit experience to
support existing users and to attract
a wider range of potential users.”
Objective:
A step an organization can
take to achieve a goal.
• Specific
• Achievable
• Measurable
Ex: “Improve transit travel
times along the corridor”
Source: Wikipedia, Forbes55
Key Goals
▪ Enhance transit experience to support existing users and to
attract a wider range of potential users.
▪ Make walking and bicycling safer and more comfortable.
▪ Encourage development and redevelopment consistent with
community goals.
▪ Promote reliable and safe mobility options for all corridor users.
▪ Invest in multimodal improvements with a high return on
investment.
56
RECAP COMMUNITY INPUT ISSUES & OPPORTUNITIES GOALS & OBJECTIVES
Enhance transit experience to support
existing users and to attract a wider range of
potential users.
▪ Improve transit travel times along the corridor
▪ Improve transit reliability
▪ Address congestion-related delay for transit vehicles
RECAP COMMUNITY INPUT ISSUES & OPPORTUNITIES GOALS & OBJECTIVES
57
Make Walking and Bicycling Safer and
More Comfortable
▪ Provide safe and appealing pedestrian facilities and environments between transit and destinations
▪ Increase station area street connectivity
▪ Improve corridor permeability
RECAP COMMUNITY INPUT ISSUES & OPPORTUNITIES GOALS & OBJECTIVES
58
Encourage Development and Redevelopment
Consistent with Community Goals
▪ Serve areas with development / redevelopment potential
▪ Serve areas with zoning/future land use that allows higher intensity development and mixed uses
▪ Minimize adverse environmental impacts
RECAP COMMUNITY INPUT ISSUES & OPPORTUNITIES GOALS & OBJECTIVES
59
Promote reliable and safe mobility
options or all corridor users.
▪ Improve automobile travel time reliability
▪ Improve transit travel time reliability
RECAP COMMUNITY INPUT ISSUES & OPPORTUNITIES GOALS & OBJECTIVES
60
Invest in multimodal improvements with
a high return on investment.
▪ Invest in cost-effective infrastructure
▪ Leverage investment to attract private/public partnership
RECAP COMMUNITY INPUT ISSUES & OPPORTUNITIES GOALS & OBJECTIVES
61
Interactive Exercise
1. Five stations and five rounds of collaboration
2. Grab a stack of cards (five cards)
3. Go to the station in your first card
4. Work with your team to come up with a few objectives for that goal
5. When time is up, go to the station in your second card and repeat
RECAP COMMUNITY INPUT ISSUES & OPPORTUNITIES GOALS & OBJECTIVES
62
Time
RECAP COMMUNITY INPUT ISSUES & OPPORTUNITIES GOALS & OBJECTIVES
63
Potential
Objectives
64
Transit Technologies
65
Vanpool
▪ Single rail track that operates in an elevated
configuration at speeds up to 45 mph
▪ Fully-automated and grade-separated
▪ Serves relative small area such as airports,
parks of districts (downtown, for example)
▪ Typically operated by private entities
▪ Route length between 1 and 15 miles
▪ Capital Costs: $140 to $200 Million/mile
Las Vegas Monorail
Disney World Monorail
66
Space Coast Area Transit Vanpool
Vanpool
Average Daily Ridership 7 to 15
Typical Route Length 15 to 35 miles
Stop Spacing 15 to 35 miles (1 to 3 stops per
route )
Densities: Residential Low to Moderate
Densities: Employees Low to Moderate
Capital Costs Negligible*
Operating Cost $20 to $25 per vehicle hour
Defining characteristics - Provide shared rides in vans or
buses between homes or a
central location (park-and-ride
lot) to a regular destination
- Vans used for public transit
are typically owned by a
public transit agency and
riders are charged a weekly or
monthly fare
LYNX Vanpool
City Bus
Link 436 N
67
Link 28
Local/City Bus
Passengers per vehicle 40 to 75
Average Daily Ridership Varies
Typical Route Length Varies
Stop Spacing 500 feet to 1 mile (most
common spacing is 1,000 to
1,200 feet)
Densities : Residential 3 du/acre
Densities: Employees 2 to 5 jobs/acre
Capital Costs Less than $1 million/mile
Operating Costs $85 - $130 per vehicle hour
Defining characteristics - Fixed route and fixed
schedule
- Mix of federal and local
funding
Express/Enhanced Bus
Albuquerque Rapid Ride Red Line
▪ Up to 120 passengers per vehicle
▪ Runs in mixed-traffic
▪ Fewer stops; farther apart
▪ Longer routes, connecting city centers to
smaller suburban centers
▪ May have enhanced stations
▪ May have transit signal priority
▪ Typically have strong branding and image
▪ Regular buses or larger buses
▪ Peak periods or all-day service
▪ Capital Costs: $1-2 Million/mile
68
Fort Lauderdale, FL
Orlando, FL
Express/Enhanced Bus
Passengers per vehicle Up to 120
Average Daily
Ridership
Varies
Typical Route Length 15 to 35 miles
Stop Spacing Fewer stops, farther apart
Densities: Residential 10 du/acre
Densities: Employees 5 jobs/acre
Capital Costs $1 to $2 million/mile
Operating Cost $85 - $130 per vehicle hour
Defining
characteristics
- Runs in mixed-traffic
- Longer routes, connecting city
centers to suburban centers
- May have enhanced stations
- Typically have strong branding and
image
- Regular buses or larger buses
Bus Rapid Transit
Average Daily Ridership 4,500 to 1M+
Typical Route Length 4 to 25 miles
Stop Spacing Dependent on land use
Densities: Residential 5 to 20 du/acre
Densities: Employees 30 jobs/acre
Capital Costs $4 to $40 million/mile
Operating Cost $95 - $150 per vehicle hour
Defining characteristics - Enhanced stations
- Off-board fare payment
- Branding
- Transit signal priority
- Can run in mixed traffic
or on exclusive lanes
- Rubber tire vehicles with
modern design
Bus Rapid Transit
Cleveland Health Line
Orlando Downtown LYMMO 69
Elements of Bus Rapid Transit
70
Corridor Based BRT
Fixed Guideway BRT
• Operates in mixed traffic
• Frequent bi-directional
service on weekdays
• Defined stations
• Transit Signal Priority
• Short headway times
• Operates in exclusive
lane on >50% of
alignment during peak
periods
• Frequent bi-directional
service on weekdays and
weekends
• Defined Stations
• Transit Signal Priority
• Short headway times
*FTA BRT Categories
Elements of Bus Rapid Transit
71
Corridor Based BRT*
Fixed Guideway BRT*
• Operates in mixed traffic
• Frequent bi-directional
service on weekdays
• Defined stations
• Transit Signal Priority
• Short headway times
• Operates in exclusive
lane on >50% of
alignment during peak
periods
• Frequent bi-directional
service on weekdays and
weekends
• Defined Stations
• Transit Signal Priority
• Short headway times
BRT Standard Ranking Criteria
Criteria Available Points
BRT Basics
Dedicated Right-of-Way 8
Busway Alignment 8
Off-Board Fare Collection 8
Intersection Treatments 7
Platform-Level Boarding 7
Service Planning
Multiple Routes 4
Express, Limited and Local Services 3
Control Center 3
Located in Top Ten Corridors 2
Demand Profile 3
Hours of Operations 2
Multi-Corridor Network 2
Infrastructure
Passing Lanes at Stations 4
Minimizing Bus Emissions 3
Stations Set Back from Intersections 3
Center Stations 2
Pavement Quality 2
Stations
Distances Between Stations 2
Safe and Comfortable Stations 3
Number of Doors on Bus 3
Docking Bays and Sub-Stops 1
Sliding Doors in BRT Stations 1
Communications
Branding 3
Passenger Information 2
Access and Integration
Universal Access 3
Integration with Other Public Transport 3
Pedestrian Access 4
Secure Bicycle Parking 2
Bicycle Lanes 2
Bicycle Sharing Integration 1
*FTA BRT Categories
Modern Street Car
▪ Exclusive Lanes or mixed traffic
▪ Runs on embedded steel rail tracks
▪ Typical station spacing is between ½ mile to 1
mile
▪ Historic trolleys or modern street car
▪ Short segments, can be 5 miles or less within
urban core and neighborhoods
▪ Typically slower in speeds than LRT
▪ Capital Costs: $25 to $50 Million/mile
Seattle Streetcar
Portland Streetcar
72
Portland, OR
Washington, DC
Modern Streetcar
Average Daily Ridership 5,000 to 25,000
Typical Route Length 2 to 10 miles
Stop Spacing Between ½ to 1 mile
Densities: Residential 20 to 35 du/acre
Densities: Employees 60 jobs/acre
Capital Costs $25 to $50 million/mile
Operating Cost $170 - $300 per vehicle hour
Defining characteristics - Exclusive lanes or mixed
traffic
- Runs on embedded steel rail
tracks
- Short segments, can be 5
miles or less within urban core
and neighborhoods
- Typically slower in speed than
LRT
Light Rail Transit
MAX Green Line
Charlotte Blue Line
73
Light Rail
Average Daily Ridership 7,500 to 40,000
Typical Route Length 10 to 30 miles
Stop Spacing Between 1 to 3 miles
Densities: Residential 5 to 35 du/acre
Densities: Employees 60 jobs/acre
Capital Costs $45 to $130 million/mile
Operating Cost $300 - $450 per vehicle hour
Defining characteristics - Electric powered rail cars
typically propelled by
overhead wires (some battery
sections)
- Can operate in mixed-traffic
or exclusive ROW
- Dedicated stations; off-board
ticketing
- Typically in urban centers and
neighborhoods
Commuter Rail
▪ Exclusive lanes
▪ Diesel powered locomotives
▪ Longer distance, “commuting”
travel
▪ Typical station spacing is 3 miles
or more
▪ Can cross streets but typically
separated from roadway ROW
▪ Typically shares or uses freight
corridors
▪ Capital Costs: $3 to $25
Million/mile
MARC Train, MD
74
SunRail, FL
Commuter Rail
Average Daily Ridership 2,500 to 9,000
Typical Route Length 20 to 100 miles
Stop Spacing 3+ miles
Densities: Residential 1.3 to 35 du/acre
Densities: Employees 30 jobs/acre
Capital Costs $3 to $25 million/mile
Operating Cost $1,250 - $5,500 per vehicle
hour
Defining characteristics - Exclusive lanes
- Diesel powered trains
- Longer distance,
“commuting” travel
- Typically shares or uses
freight corridors
- Can cross streets but
typically separated from
roadway ROW
Heavy Rail
▪ Typically consist of steel-wheeled, electric
powered vehicles operating in trains of two or
more cars
▪ Provides regional, urban type of service
▪ Typical distance between stations in the urban
core is less than one mile while in the periphery
between 1 and 5 miles
▪ Does not operate in roadway rights-of-way
▪ Capital Costs: $50 to $250 Million/mile
Chicago “L” Train
Washington D.C. Metro
75
Heavy Rail
Average Daily Ridership 60,000 or more
Typical Route Length 10 to 30 miles
Stop Spacing Urban core: < 1 mile
Periphery: 1 to 5 miles
Densities: Residential 12 to 35 du/acre
Densities: Employees 200 jobs/acre
Capital Costs $50 to $250 million/mile
Operating Cost $1,100 - $2,000 per vehicle
hour
Defining characteristics - Steel-wheeled, powered by
in-ground electrified third
rail
- Provides regional, urban
type of service
- Does not operate in
roadway rights-of-way
Monorail
▪ Single rail track that operates in an elevated
configuration at speeds up to 45 mph
▪ Fully-automated and grade-separated
▪ Serves relative small area such as airports,
parks of districts (downtown, for example)
▪ Typically operated by private entities
▪ Route length between 1 and 15 miles
▪ Capital Costs: $140 to $200 Million/mileSeattle Center Monorail
Las Vegas Monorail
Disney World Monorail
76
Walt Disney World Monorail
Monorail
Average Daily Ridership Varies
Typical Route Length 1 to 15 miles
Stop Spacing Varies
Densities: Residential Varies
Densities: Employees Varies
Capital Costs $140 to $200 million/mile
Operating Cost $800 to $1,100 per vehicle hour*
Defining characteristics - Single rail track that operates
in an elevated configuration at
speeds up to 45 mph
- Fully-automated and grade-
separated
- Serves relatively small areas
such as airports, parts of
districts (i.e. Downtowns)
- Typically operated by private
entities
*Limited information available due to the fact that most monorail systems are privately owned and operated
Gondola
▪ Single rail track that operates in an elevated
configuration at speeds up to 45 mph
▪ Fully-automated and grade-separated
▪ Serves relative small area such as airports,
parks of districts (downtown, for example)
▪ Typically operated by private entities
▪ Route length between 1 and 15 miles
▪ Capital Costs: $140 to $200 Million/mileMi Teleférico Gondola System, La Paz, Bolivia
Las Vegas Monorail
Disney World Monorail
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Ngong Ping 360 Gondola System, Hong Kong
Gondola
Average Daily Ridership 4,000 to 60,000
Typical Route Length 0.5 to 4.5 miles
Stop Spacing Varies (up to 1.88 miles)
Densities: Residential Low to High
Densities: Employees Low to High
Capital Costs NA*
Operating Cost NA*
Defining characteristics - Aerial lift consisting of a large
number of relatively small (six
to 15 passenger) gondolas that
travel around a continuously
circulating ropeway
- Carriers move at higher speeds
along the line, but slow to a
creep speed or stop for
passenger loading and
unloading
- Typically used in urban districts
and recreation or tourist areas
Personal Rapid Transit (PRT)
▪ Small automated vehicles can
operate very quietly on grade
separated, exclusive-use guideway
at an average speed of 25-45 mph
▪ Typically serve relatively small
areas such as academic campuses
and airports
▪ Often used as a “last-mile”
application in conjunction with
other transit modes
▪ Can operate at extremely low
headways (as low as 2 seconds) to
provide almost continuous vehicle
availability
▪ Typical capital cost per mile is $10
to $26 million
Heathrow Airport PRT, London, England
Morgantown PRT, WV
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Personal Rapid Transit
Average Daily Ridership 1,000 to 6,000
Typical Route Length 2 to 10 miles
Stop Spacing Varies
Densities: Residential Varies
Densities: Employees Varies
Capital Costs $10 to $26 million/mile
Operating Cost NA*
Defining characteristics - Small, automated vehicles that
operate quietly on grade
separated guideways at an
average speed of 25-45 mph
- Typically serve small areas such as
academic campuses and airports
- Often used as a “last-mile”
application in conjunction with
other transit modes
- Can operate at low headways (as
low as 2 seconds) to provide
almost continuous vehicle
availability
*Limited information available for PRT cost per vehicle-hour
MagLev (Magnetic Levitation)
▪ MagLev is relatively new and currently
has three public systems around the
world (Japan, China, and South Korea)
▪ Average top speeds are between 250-350
mph
▪ Operations occur on a raised track above
ground; cannot be paired with other
transit types
▪ Technology based on magnet attraction
and repulsion; may have less track noise
but more wind noise than other rail
modes)
▪ Capital Costs: $100 to $650 Million/mile
Shanghai MagLev
JR-MagLev in Japan
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MagLev
Average Daily Ridership 30,000
Typical Route Length 4 to 600 miles
Stop Spacing Varies
Densities: Residential Varies
Densities: Employees Varies
Capital Costs $100 to $650 million/mile
Operating Cost $2,100 to $2,500 per vehicle mile
Defining characteristics - Relatively new mode – currently
has three public systems around
the world
- Average top speeds range
between 250-350 mph
- Operations occur on a grade-
separated track; cannot be paired
with other transit types
- May have less track noise but
more wind noise than other rail
modes
Emerging and Automated
Transit Modes
▪ On-demand transit
▪ Driverless shuttles and buses
▪ Dynamic bus routes – Chariot, Citymapper etc.
▪ Automated People Movers
▪ Uber Pool/Lyft Line
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Local Motors Citymapper
APM, Miami
Transit ModeTypical Length
(miles)
Typical Densities
Residential Employees
(dwelling units/ac) (jobs/acre)
Capital Cost
(million per
mile)
Operating Cost
(per vehicle hour)***
Average Daily
Ridership
Local/City Bus Varies 3 2 to 5 $0.25 to $0.5 $85 - $130 Varies
Rapid/ Enhanced
Bus15 to 35 10 5 $1 to $2 $85 - $130 1,000 to 6,000
Vanpool 15 to 35Low to
Moderate
Low to
Moderate<$0.5 $20 to $25 7 to 15
Bus Rapid Transit 4 to 25 5 to 20 30 $4 to $40 $95 - $150 4,500 to 20,000
Modern Streetcar 2 to 10 20 to 35 60 $25 to $50 $150 - $300 5,000 to 25,000
Light Rail Transit 10 to 30 5 to 35 60 $45 to $130 $300 - $450 7,500 to 40,000
Commuter Rail 20 to 100 1.3 to 35 30 $3 to $25 $1,250-$5,500 2,500 to 9,000
Heavy Rail 10 to 30 12 to 35 200 $50 to $250 $1,100 -$2,000 60,000
Gondola 0.5 to 4.5 Low to High Low to High 4,000 to 60,000
Personal Rapid
Transit (PRT)2 to 10 $10 to $26 1,000 to 16,000
Monorail 1 to 15 $140 to $200 $800-$1,100** Varies
Magnetic Levitation 4 to 600 $100 to $650 $2,100-$2,500
*Limited information available**Limited information available due to the fact that most monorail systems are privately owned and operated.*** Operating cost per hour varies with frequency and span of service
Characteristics of Transit Technologies
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Next Steps
▪ Next PAWG meeting in late June/early July 2017
▪ Refined Goals/Objectives/Performance Measures
▪ Begin developing Long List of Alternatives
▪ Visit and share our website: www.lynxsr436.com
▪ Help us distribute our survey: https://form.jotform.com/70656151609154
▪ Comments on the map: http://maps.kittelson.com/436transitstudy#
▪ Look out for meeting minutes in your inbox
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Questions?
83
Thank You!
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