ORAL TISSUES IN HEALTH AND DISEASE

Dr. Shahzadi Tayyaba Hashmi shahzadi@inaya.edu.sa

Intra oral Tissues Extra oral Tissues

ORAL TISSUES

INTRA ORAL HARD TISSUES• Teeth• Jaws (maxilla and mandible)• Hard Palate

INTRA ORAL SOFT TISSUES• Gingiva• Tongue• Lips• Buccal mucosa• Labial mucosa• Soft palate• Floor of the mouth• pharynx

TYPES OF INTRA ORAL TISSUES

• TM joint• Lymph nodes• Head and face• Eyes• Ears• Bones and cartilage• Nose• Blood vessels• Face

EXTRA ORAL TISSUES

HEALTHY ORAL TISSUES

Healthy Oral Cavity Healthy Gingiva (normal pink colour)

UNHEALTHY ORAL TISSUES

Unhealthy /inflamed gingiva(Swollen ,bleeding on probing , red in colour)

Macroglossia(Large tongue)

Supernumerary Teeth(Additional teeth)

• Most important Intra oral hard tissue

• Consists of o EnameloDentine o Pulp

TEETH

• Formation of a full complement of teeth.• Normal structural development of the dental

tissues.• Eruption of each group of teeth at the appropriate

time into an adequate space• Normal development of jaw size and relationship• Eruption of teeth into correct relationship to

occlude with their opposite numbers

Requirements for Development of an Ideal Dentition

1. Abnormalities in Number:oAnodontia or hypodontiaoAdditional teeth (hyperdontia)

2. Defects of Structure:o Enamel defectsoDentine defects

3. Abnormalities in Size:oMicrodontia oMacrodontia

Disorders of Development of Teeth

4. Disorders of Eruption:o Delayed eruptiono Premature eruptiono Impacted teeth

5. Abnormalities in Shape:• Dilaceration• Taurodontism• Dens Invaginatus• Dens Evaginatus• Talon cusp• Supernumerary roots• Gemination• Fusion• Concrescence• Enamel pearls

Disorders of Development of Teeth

1. Anodontia (missing teeth):

a) Total Anodontia:

Congenital absence of all teeth is known as total anodontia.

Total failure of development of a complete dentition is rare.

b)Partial Anodontia:

Congenital absence of one or more teeth is known as partial anodontia

Examples:• Third molars• Second premolars• Maxillary lateral incisors

Abnormalities In Number Of Teeth

2. HYPERDONTIA (ADDITIONAL TEETH):• Additional teeth are relatively common• They are usually of conical shape (supernumerary teeth) but, less

frequently resemble teeth of normal series (supplemental teeth)• These are the results of excessive growth of dental lamina of unknown

cause• supernumerary teeth may prevent the eruption of the a permanent teeth &

also may cause displacement or malposition of teeth

EXAMPLES:• Mesiodens (between maxillary central incisors)• Paramolars (maxillary fourth molars)• Distomolar• Neonatal teeth

Abnormalities In Number of Teeth

EXAMPLES OF SUPERNUMERARY TEETH

Mesiodens Mesiodens

• Oral Pathology for the Dental Hygienist (5th Edition) By Olga A. C. Ibsen, RDH, MS and Joan

• Contemporary for oral and maxillofacial pathology by J.Phillip Sapp, Lewis Roy Eversole

ESSENTIAL REFERENCES

THANK YOU