DR. SHAHZADI TAYYABA HASHMI Systemic Fluorides. Fluoride supplementation SystemicTopical Dietary...
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Transcript of DR. SHAHZADI TAYYABA HASHMI Systemic Fluorides. Fluoride supplementation SystemicTopical Dietary...
DR. SHAHZADI TAYYABA HASHMI
Systemic Fluorides
Fluoride supplementation
Systemic Topical
Dietary fluorides
Salt fluoride
Fluoride in sugar
Water fluoridation
School water fluoridation
Milk fluoridation
Professional application
Self application
Systemic Fluorides
Water fluoridationMilk fluoridationSalt fluoridationFluoride dropsFluoride tabletsFluoride lozenges
Topical Fluorides
Sodium fluorideStannous fluorideAcidulated phosphate fluorideFluoride varnishFluoride DentifriceFluoride mouth rinse
Systemic Fluorides1) Water Fluoridation:Definition:Defined as ‘upward adjustment of the concentration of fluoride ion in a public water supply in such a way that the concentration of fluoride in the water may be
consistently maintained at 1 ppm by weight to prevent dental caries with minimum possibility of dental fluorosis’
Optimum level of fluorides in water:• The optimum fluoride level for water is 1ppm ( parts per
million)
RECOMMENDED CONCENTRATION OF FLUORIDES
Benefits of water fluoridation
1) Appearance of teethTeeth exposed to an optimum or slightly higher level of
fluoride are clear, white, shining and without blemishes)
2) Dental caries reduction in primary and permanent teeth
3) Root caries reductionLife-long consumption of fluoridated water reduces the
incidence of root caries by approximately 50%)4) Malocclusion orthodontic problems are less among children 6-14 yrs
of age living in fluoride area compared to those living in areas without the benefits of fluorides)
Benefits of water fluoridation
5) Interproximal and coronal caries reduction
(there is 95% less prevalence of interproximal dental caries and reduction of 60% coronal caries in fluoridated communities compared to those of non-fluorinated)
6) Economy water fluoridation is most economical in
reducing the cost of public health expenditure)
Feasibility of water fluoridation
Water fluoridation is feasible only if:There is a municipal water supply reaching a
reasonable number of homesPeople drink this water rather than from
individual wells or rainwater tanksSuitable equipment is presentSupply of water is assuredWorkers available in the water treatment plant to
maintain the systemMoney should be available for initial installation
and running costs
Salt fluoridationMost effective method to deliver fluoride to a target
population where water fluoridation is not possibleIn this case fluoride is added to salt by spraying
concentrated solutions of sodium fluoride on a conveyor belt
Advantages:Possibility of fluorosis is minimalLow costFreely availableSupply can be effectively controlledDistribution can be easily monitoredDisadvantages:There is now international efforts to reduce sodium intake
to control hypertension
Milk fluoridation
Milk is an excellent source of calcium and phosphorus and when fortified with vitamin D, helps in development of bones and teeth
Advantages:Important food for children and infantsDisadvantages:ExpensiveVariation in intake and quantity of milk
Fluoride TabletsReduces caries incidence in both permanent
and deciduous dentitionsFluoride tablets are available as NaF tablets
of 2.2 mg, o.55mg and 0.25 mg respectively
Thank you