North Korea in Our Connected World

Cheehyung Harrison Kim ACLS New Faculty Fellow History / Asian and Middle Eastern Studies Duke University

  Presented at World View Seminars, March 27, 2014, UNC-Chapel Hill

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North Korea and its bordering countries 2  

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Arctic Circle

Tropicof Cancer

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PersianGulf

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Sea of Japan

Sea ofOkhotsk

BeringSea

East SiberianSea

LaptevSea

Arctic Ocean

Kara Sea

Barents Sea

NorwegianSea

BlackSea

CaspianSea

AralSea Lake

Balkhash

LakeBaikal

PhilippineSea

North Sea

Ob'

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Irtysh Lena

Kama

Volga

Ob'

Lena

Vilyuy

Kolyma

Indu

s

Ganges Brahmaputra

Huang H

e

Chang

JiangIrraw

addy

Jiang

Xi

Mekong

Salween

Lake OnegaLadoga

Lake

Angara

Alda

n

Amur

Sulu Sea

YellowSea

ThailandGulf of

Celebes Sea

Banda Sea

Timor Sea

Java Sea

Yenisey

Am

ur

Oslo

Stockholm

Ulaanbaatar

Tehran-

SeoulP'yongyang

Tokyo

Kabul

Islamabad

New Delhi

Kathmandu Thimphu

Abu Dhabi

Muscat

Dhaka

Hanoi

Rangoon

Colombo

Male

Kuala Lumpur

Singapore

Jakarta

Beijing

Vientiane

Bangkok

Manila

Phnom Penh

Glasgow

St. Petersburg

Nizhniy Novgorod

Kazan'

Saratov

Perm'

UfaChelyabinsk

Omsk

Novosibirsk

Krasnoyarsk

Irkutsk

Volgograd

Khabarovsk

Vladivostok

Davao

BegawanBandar Seri

Moscow

Kharkiv

Donets'k Yekaterinburg

Samara

Yerevan

Warsaw

Tallinn

Copenhagen

Kiev

BishkekTashkent

Dushanbe

Ashgabat

Baku

Taipei

KamchatskiyPetropavlovsk-

Yakutsk

Cherskiy

Anadyr'

Provideniya

Ürümqi

Lhasa

Kunming

Nanning

Guangzhou

Guiyang

Chongqing

Chengdu

Lanzhou

Wuhan

Nanchang

Hangzhou

Shanghai

Qingdao

Tianjin

Shenyang

Harbin

Changchun

Taiyuan

ZhengzhouNanjing

Changsha

Haiphong

Ho Chi MinhCity

Baotou

Kolkata(Calcutta)

Hyderabad

Karachi

Ahmadabad

Noril'sk

Tiksi

Murmansk

Arkhangel'sk

Medan

Mandalay

(Karaganda)Qaraghandy

Surabaya

Lahore

Rostov

Vilnius

Minsk

Riga

Helsinki

Mumbai(Bombay)

YokohamaNagoya

Osaka

FukuokaPusan

Kanpur

Bangalore

-

- -

-

T'bilisi

(

Chittagong

LucknowJaipur

SuratNagpur

Voronezh

MashhadDalian

Kashi

-

- --

-- -

-

Tabriz

Shiraz

Esfahan

Cebu

Semarang

Palembang

Makassar

Bandung

Xi'an

Jinan

Pune

'Abbas

-

Hue

Magadan

-

Quetta

Pontianak

Atyrau(Atyrau)

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Chennai(Madras)

Almaty

Bandar Kandahar

Jaffna

Sapporo

Astana

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-

¸ -

-

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802795AI (R02105) 4-01

ASIA

Scale 1:48,000,000

0 800 Kilometers

not necessarily authoritative.Boundary representation is

0

Indian claimChinese

controlline of

Okinawa

DemarcationLine

WrangelIsland

Borneo

Mindanao

Sumatra

Timor

Celebes

Luzon

R YUK

YU

ISL

AN

DS

Java

KURILISLANDS

LAKSHADWEEPANDAMAN

NICOBAR

ISLANDS

ISLANDS

FRANZ JOSEFLAND

NOVAYAZEMLYA

ZEMLYASEVERNAYA

NEW SIBERIANISLANDS

HainanDao

occupied by the Soviet Union in 1945,

( JA

PA

N)

Azimuthal Equal-Area Projection

800 Miles

claimed by Japan.

Sakhalin

administered by Russia,

Line of Control

ISLANDSSPRATLY

SRI LANKA

NEPALBHUTAN

BANGLADESHI N D I A

C H I N A

PHILIPPINES

AUSTRALIA

East Timor

VIETNAM

LAOSBURMA

THAILAND

PAKISTAN

AFGHANISTAN

I N D O N E S I A

CAMBODIA

BRUNEI

MALAYSIA

SINGAPORE

MALAYSIA

JAPAN

OMAN

SAUDIARABIA

U.A.E.

TURKMENISTANUZBEKISTAN

KYRGYZSTAN

TAJIKISTAN

GEORGIA

ARMENIA

(INDIA)

MALDIVES

R U S S I A

U.K.

NORWAY

SWEDEN

FINLAND

DEN.

BELA.

LITH.LAT.

EST.RUS.

UKR.

SOUTHKOREA

NORTHKOREA

POL.

Svalbard(NORWAY)

U.S.

(INDIA)

Macau S.A.R.

AZERBAIJAN

(INDIA)

KAZAKHSTAN

Hong Kong S.A.R.

I R A N

MONGOLIA

Taiwan

Mt. Everest

+

(highest point in the world,8850 m)

A L T A Y M T S .

TAKLA MAKAN

DESERT

H I M A L A Y A S

U R A

L

M O

U N

T A I N

S

S I B E R I A

G O B I D E S E R T

GARAGUM

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M O U N T A I N S

QING ZANG GAOYUAN

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S T E

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Asia 3  

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(AP Photo/Xinhua, Yao Dawei)

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Credit: Bettmann/Corbis

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UN delegate Lieut. Gen. William K. Harrison, Jr. (seated left), and Korean People’s Army and Chinese People’s Volunteers delegate Gen. Nam Il (seated right) signing the Korean War armistice agreement at P’anmunjŏm, Korea, July 27, 1953. Source: NARA FILE #: 080-G-625728. Author: F. Kazukaitis. U.S. Navy

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Credit: Yonhap

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North Korean leader Kim Jong-un (sitting) convening an urgent operation meeting on 29 March 2013 at an undisclosed location. Photo: EPA

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South Korean Park Yang-gon, left, and his North Korean brother Park Yang Soo meet during the Separated Family Reunion Meeting at the Diamond Mountain resort in North Korea, 2/20/2014. Credit: Park Hae-soo / AP

North Korea’s ballistic missile types

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US and South Korean soldiers in a joint military exercise. Source: Chung Sung-Jun/Getty Images, March 11, 2010

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Marines from the US and South Korea conducting military drills, 2013 Photograph: Jung Yeon-Je/AFP/Getty Images

Practice sortie with B-2 bombers over South Korea. Source: Shin Young-Keun/Yonhap, via Associated Press, March 28, 2013

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Former President Jimmy Carter and President Kim Il-sung meeting in Pyongyang in 1994. Source: Korean Central News Agency

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Mutual Defense Treaty between RoK and USA Signed at Washington: October 1, 1953 Article 4 The Republic of Korea grants, and the United States of America accepts, the right to dispose United States land, air and sea forces in and about the territory of the Republic of Korea as determined by mutual agreement.

U.S. military bases in South Korea 22  

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US Army in Korea, Sep 8, 1945 Credit: US military Photograph

180

0

60 80 100 120

140

160

0

20

6080

20

0

20

6040

80 100 120140

160

Equator

Arctic Circle

Tropicof Cancer

40

8060

SeaArabian

SeaBay ofBengal

ChinaSouth

SeaAndaman

SeaLaccadive

O c e a n

I n d i a n

PersianGulf

East

SeaChina

Sea of Japan

Sea ofOkhotsk

BeringSea

East SiberianSea

LaptevSea

Arctic Ocean

Kara Sea

Barents Sea

NorwegianSea

BlackSea

CaspianSea

AralSea Lake

Balkhash

LakeBaikal

PhilippineSea

North Sea

Ob'

Pech

ora

Irtysh Lena

Kama

Volga

Ob'

Lena

Vilyuy

Kolyma

Indu

s

Ganges Brahmaputra

Huang H

e

Chang

JiangIrraw

addy

Jiang

Xi

Mekong

Salween

Lake OnegaLadoga

Lake

Angara

Alda

n

Amur

Sulu Sea

YellowSea

ThailandGulf of

Celebes Sea

Banda Sea

Timor Sea

Java Sea

Yenisey

Am

ur

Oslo

Stockholm

Ulaanbaatar

Tehran-

SeoulP'yongyang

Tokyo

Kabul

Islamabad

New Delhi

Kathmandu Thimphu

Abu Dhabi

Muscat

Dhaka

Hanoi

Rangoon

Colombo

Male

Kuala Lumpur

Singapore

Jakarta

Beijing

Vientiane

Bangkok

Manila

Phnom Penh

Glasgow

St. Petersburg

Nizhniy Novgorod

Kazan'

Saratov

Perm'

UfaChelyabinsk

Omsk

Novosibirsk

Krasnoyarsk

Irkutsk

Volgograd

Khabarovsk

Vladivostok

Davao

BegawanBandar Seri

Moscow

Kharkiv

Donets'k Yekaterinburg

Samara

Yerevan

Warsaw

Tallinn

Copenhagen

Kiev

BishkekTashkent

Dushanbe

Ashgabat

Baku

Taipei

KamchatskiyPetropavlovsk-

Yakutsk

Cherskiy

Anadyr'

Provideniya

Ürümqi

Lhasa

Kunming

Nanning

Guangzhou

Guiyang

Chongqing

Chengdu

Lanzhou

Wuhan

Nanchang

Hangzhou

Shanghai

Qingdao

Tianjin

Shenyang

Harbin

Changchun

Taiyuan

ZhengzhouNanjing

Changsha

Haiphong

Ho Chi MinhCity

Baotou

Kolkata(Calcutta)

Hyderabad

Karachi

Ahmadabad

Noril'sk

Tiksi

Murmansk

Arkhangel'sk

Medan

Mandalay

(Karaganda)Qaraghandy

Surabaya

Lahore

Rostov

Vilnius

Minsk

Riga

Helsinki

Mumbai(Bombay)

YokohamaNagoya

Osaka

FukuokaPusan

Kanpur

Bangalore

-

- -

-

T'bilisi

(

Chittagong

LucknowJaipur

SuratNagpur

Voronezh

MashhadDalian

Kashi

-

- --

-- -

-

Tabriz

Shiraz

Esfahan

Cebu

Semarang

Palembang

Makassar

Bandung

Xi'an

Jinan

Pune

'Abbas

-

Hue

Magadan

-

Quetta

Pontianak

Atyrau(Atyrau)

-

Chennai(Madras)

Almaty

Bandar Kandahar

Jaffna

Sapporo

Astana

-

-

¸ -

-

-

802795AI (R02105) 4-01

ASIA

Scale 1:48,000,000

0 800 Kilometers

not necessarily authoritative.Boundary representation is

0

Indian claimChinese

controlline of

Okinawa

DemarcationLine

WrangelIsland

Borneo

Mindanao

Sumatra

Timor

Celebes

Luzon

R YUK

YU

ISL

AN

DS

Java

KURILISLANDS

LAKSHADWEEPANDAMAN

NICOBAR

ISLANDS

ISLANDS

FRANZ JOSEFLAND

NOVAYAZEMLYA

ZEMLYASEVERNAYA

NEW SIBERIANISLANDS

HainanDao

occupied by the Soviet Union in 1945,

( JA

PA

N)

Azimuthal Equal-Area Projection

800 Miles

claimed by Japan.

Sakhalin

administered by Russia,

Line of Control

ISLANDSSPRATLY

SRI LANKA

NEPALBHUTAN

BANGLADESHI N D I A

C H I N A

PHILIPPINES

AUSTRALIA

East Timor

VIETNAM

LAOSBURMA

THAILAND

PAKISTAN

AFGHANISTAN

I N D O N E S I A

CAMBODIA

BRUNEI

MALAYSIA

SINGAPORE

MALAYSIA

JAPAN

OMAN

SAUDIARABIA

U.A.E.

TURKMENISTANUZBEKISTAN

KYRGYZSTAN

TAJIKISTAN

GEORGIA

ARMENIA

(INDIA)

MALDIVES

R U S S I A

U.K.

NORWAY

SWEDEN

FINLAND

DEN.

BELA.

LITH.LAT.

EST.RUS.

UKR.

SOUTHKOREA

NORTHKOREA

POL.

Svalbard(NORWAY)

U.S.

(INDIA)

Macau S.A.R.

AZERBAIJAN

(INDIA)

KAZAKHSTAN

Hong Kong S.A.R.

I R A N

MONGOLIA

Taiwan

Mt. Everest

+

(highest point in the world,8850 m)

A L T A Y M T S .

TAKLA MAKAN

DESERT

H I M A L A Y A S

U R A

L

M O

U N

T A I N

S

S I B E R I A

G O B I D E S E R T

GARAGUM

QIZILQUM

KO

LYM

SK

OY

E

NA

GO

R'Y

E

KH

RE

BE

T D

ZH

UG

DZ

HU

R

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HOYANSK KHREBET

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SIK

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T I E N S H A N

K U N L U N

ZA

GR

OS

MTS.

CAUCASUS

MTS.

KHREBET CHERSKOGO

M O U N T A I N S

QING ZANG GAOYUAN

HEN

GD

UAN SH

AN

D A

H

I N

G G

A N

L

I N

G

MA

NC

HU

RIA

N

PLA

IN

D E C C A NW E

S T E

R N

G H

A T S

EAST

ERN GHATS

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Myeongdong (or Honmachi) of Seoul (or Keijo), 1920, postcard

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Russian and American soldiers, Korea, October, 1945. 26  

North Koreans crossing Taedong River, Pyongyang, 12/04/1950 Pulitzer Prize winning photo by Max Desfor 27  

Korean girl with her brother in front of a tank, June 9, 1951 Photo by Air Force Major R. V. Spencer

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P’yŏngyang after U.S. bombing. Source: Chris Springer and Balázs Szalontai, North Korea caught in time (Garnet 2010)

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Kim Jong Il from the movie “Team America” (2004)

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A recent meeting of the Korean Workers Party, P’yŏngyang.

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Photo: APTN/AP

Photo: KCNA via REUTERS

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Wikimedia Commons China.org.cn

The model community of New Harmony, as imagined by Robert Owen, by F. Bate, 1838.

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North Korea’s product exports. Wikimedia Commons

North Korea’s countryside today

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Outdoor market, Anju. Voice of America

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North Korean Settlers in South Korea (July 2013)

+ Total = 25,431 + Women = 17,656 (69%)

By Calum MacLeod, USA TODAY

Kim Il Sung, 1945 44  

Kim  Jong  Il  and  his  father  Kim  Il  Sung  45  

Kim Jong Un and Ri Sol Ju

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Dark green: diplomatic relations Red: diplomatic relation terminated

Gray: no diplomatic relations

North Korea has diplomatic relations with 165 countries

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Imprisonment NK Pop. 24 mil, 200,000 in prison camps Incarceration rate: 800 per 100,000 US Pop. 315 mil, 2.2 mil in jails/prisons 60% black or Hispanic Incarceration rate: 707 per 100,000 International Centre for Prison Studies

  Food insecurity NK 2.8 mil malnourished (12%) 25% children malnourished (4% acute) UNICEF

US 49 mil experience food insecurity (16%) 16 mil children (22%) hungry daily Feeding America 

Northeast Asia at night as seen from a satellite

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Martin Luther King, Jr. (June 6, 1961, Lincoln University)

  … all life is inter-related. We are caught in an inescapable network of mutuality; tied in a single garment of destiny. Whatever affects one directly, affects all indirectly. As long as there is poverty in this world, no man can be totally rich even if he has a billion dollars. As long as diseases are rampant and millions of people cannot expect to live more than twenty or thirty years, no man can be totally healthy, even if he just got a clean bill of health from the finest clinic in America. Strangely enough, I can never be what I ought to be until you are what you ought to be. You can never be what you ought to be until I am what I ought to be.

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Thank You

Comments? Thoughts?