Name Date: Grade 8 Writing Cohort · 1.Verb’(aka’predicate) ... Subject=...

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Directions: Please answer the following questions in complete sentences.

1. Do you enjoy writing? Why or why not?

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2. List three reasons why people write.

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b. __________________________________________________________________

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3. Circle which sentence sounds better. Then explain why on the lines below.

A. You finally wrote your essay! B. The essay was finally written by you!

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4. Circle which sentence sounds better. Then explain why on the lines below.

A. When I told her the news, she abruptly slammed on the brakes. B. When I told her the news, the brakes were abruptly slammed on by her.

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5. Building Background Knowledge: What’s a verb, again?

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Name ________________________

Grade 8 Writing

Date: _____________________________

Cohort:

Introduction 1.2

Do Now

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Aims: SWBAT 1. Identify active and passive voice. 2. Explain the difference between active voice and passive voice. 3. Edit for ACTIVE voice! “YESSS!”

Class Notes

What skills do I need to know to figure out the difference? 1. Verb (aka predicate)= a word that expresses action OR a state of being/existence (to run, to sing, to be)

2. Subject= who or what did the action 3. Direct Object= what the verb was done TO

Active Voice (Takes the action.) • Is when the subject comes first, then the verb, then the object. • Example: Robert hit the wall. • Key point: Active voice makes your writing come alive. (Yes, this is a “good thing.”)

Passive Voice (Acted upon.) • Is when the object comes first, then the verb, then the subject. • Example: The wall was hit by Robert. (The best way to find the passive voice is to look for the preposition by. The action of verbs in the passive voice is usually done by one party or another.

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Now Let Me Try! Active Voice: Robert reads the book at school. Step 1: Underline the verb twice and label it “V.” The verb of the sentence is: ________________ Step 2: Underline the subject once and label it “S.” Who or what is doing the reading? _____________ Step 3: Then ask, “Who or what is Robert reading?” That’s the object. The object is: _______________ *Since the sentence structure is Subjectà Verb à Object, it is in the ACTIVE VOICE! (SVO) S V O

Active Voice: Robert reads the book at school.

Passive Voice: The book was read by Robert. This one’s a bit trickier. Step 1: Underline the verb twice and label it “V.” The verb is: ___________________________ Step 2: Underline the subject once and label it “S.” Who or what is doing the reading? _____________ Step 3: What was someone reading to Robert? This is the object: __________________________________ *In this case, the sentence structure is Object -‐> Verb -‐> Subject, so it must be the PASSIVE VOICE! (OVS) O V S

Passive: The book was read by Robert.

Mini-‐lesson

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Passive Verb Formation Sheet

The passive forms of a verb are created by combining a form of the "to be verb" with the past participle of the main verb. Other helping verbs are also sometimes present: "The measure could have been dropped in committee." The passive can be used, also, in various tenses. Let's take a look at the passive forms of "design."

Tense Subject Auxiliary Past Participle Singular Plural

Present The car/cars is are designed.

Present perfect The car/cars has been have been designed.

Past The car/cars was were designed.

Past perfect The car/cars had been had been designed.

Future The car/cars will be will be designed.

Future perfect The car/cars

will have been will have been designed.

Present progressive

The car/cars is being are being designed.

Past progressive The car/cars was being were being designed.

A sentence cast in the passive voice will not always include an agent of the action. For instance if a gorilla crushes a tin can, we could say "The tin can was crushed by the gorilla." But a perfectly good sentence would leave out the gorilla: "The tin can was crushed." Also, when an active sentence with an indirect object is recast in the passive, the indirect object can take on the role of subject in the passive sentence:

Active Professor Villa gave Jorge an A.

Passive An A was given to Jorge by Professor Villa.

Passive Jorge was given an A.

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Now Let Us Try!

Directions: Underline the subject once and the COMPLETE verb twice. Does the sentence use active or passive voice? Write either “A” for active or “P” for passive on the line. Explain how you were able to identify the correct voice.

1. __________ The party lasted all night long, and well into the next morning.

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2. __________ Their homework was done by their tutor. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________

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Answer the following questions with your partner. Try not to use your class notes. Be ready to share.

Check Your Understanding: Turn and Talk!

1.) What is the difference between active and

passive voice?

2) Why should authors write in active voice most

times?

3) To write a sentence in active tense, what order

should verbs, subjects, and objects be in?

Guided Practice

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Part 1 Directions: Underline the subject once and the COMPLETE verb twice. Does the sentence use active or passive voice? Write either “A” or “P” on the line. 1. _______ She constantly combed her young daughter’s hair.

2. ________ The puppy was consistently groomed by his owner.

3. ________ Our belongings were delivered yesterday.

4. _______ The moving company delivered our belongings.

5. ________ The shoes and those earrings look good with that dress.

6. ________ The sniper was ordered to shoot the enemy’s doctor.

7. ________ The skyscraper soars high into the New York City sky.

8. ________ His company refused to do what was necessary.

9. ________ The football player was checking out his opponents.

10. ________ The soda was consumed in less than an hour.

Now, for some more challenging sentences! Underline the subject and the complete verb; identify each main verb as active or passive: 1. __________ The disbelieving doctor was harassed by one of her patients.

2. __________ The stalker was waiting silently for her to walk home alone.

3. __________ Fortunately, the police were observing the incident.

4. __________ I became worried and fled the scene.

5. __________ I had never realized how dangerous an acquaintance could become.

6. __________ Acquaintances and even strangers are usually considered to be relatively

harmless.

Remember: Step 1: Underline the verb twice “V” Step 2: Underline the subject once “S” Step 3: Determine the object “O” Step 4: Write if it’s active or passive voice.

Independent Practice

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Part 2 Directions: Edit each sentence to use ACTIVE voice. Rewrite the sentence in space below the sentence.

1. My favorite hometown restaurant was just bought out by some big corporation!

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2. Their meals are prepared by the finest chef in Europe.

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3. Movie production has recently been halted due to budget constraints.

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4. A deer was hit by my dad’s Mini Cooper over Thanksgiving break.

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Part 3 Directions: Write 4 sentences in the active voice. Then underline your verb twice and your subject once to check your work. 1. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________

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2. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________

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3. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________

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4. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________

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1. What is active voice? ___________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2. What is passive voice? __________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 3. Why should we write in active voice? ________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Directions: Underline the subject once and the complete verb twice. Does the sentence use active or passive voice? Write either “A” or “P” on the line. 4. ________ All the students were comfortable in her classroom.

5. ________ The furniture matches the color of the room.

6. ________ The night sky was abruptly illuminated by strobe lights.

Directions: Edit each sentence to use ACTIVE voice. Rewrite the sentences on the lines below. 7. The cell phone was lost by some inattentive student.

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8. The car was fixed by the mechanic.

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Name ________________________

Grade 8 Writing

Introduction 1.2

Exit Slip

Remember: Step 1: Underline the verb twice “V” Step 2: Underline the subject once “S” Step 3: Determine the object “O” Step 4: Write if it’s active or passive voice.

Date: _____________________________

Cohort:

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Passive Voice Exercises

Part 1 Directions: Read the paired sentences aloud. Write "A" in the blank beside the sentence in the active voice, "P" in the blank beside the sentence in the passive voice. Remember to underline the verb twice and the subject once.

1. _______ Louise made the coffee.

2. _______ The coffee was made by Louise.

3. _______ The package was advertised by the travel agent.

4. _______ The travel agent advertised the package.

Part 2 Directions: Rewrite these sentences so that they are in the active voice. 5. The sugar water was relished by the hummingbirds. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 6. Jogging is done by many people for exercise. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 7. A standing ovation was given to the guitar player. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 8. The syllabus was handed out by the professor. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Name ________________________

Grade 8 Writing

Introduction 1.2

Homework

Date: _____________________________

Cohort:

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Part 3Directions: Rewrite the following paragraph in the active voice.

Last summer our house was painted by me. The job took about two weeks. First, the

exterior was washed using warm water and a mild detergent. Then all the chinks and pores in the walls were sealed with putty. After the putty had had a chance to dry, the exterior could be painted. A latex paint was used because it is easy to apply and cleans up with water. A whole week was needed to finish this part of the job. I was very careful to apply the paint evenly because I did not want to have to apply two coats. A color was used that was very close to the original color. Our house is a two-‐story house, which meant that a tall ladder was needed to do the second story. The paint can had to be balanced on the top rung of the ladder while I worked. When the job was finished, a great deal of satisfaction was felt by me. I had to pat myself on the back. Even my dad said that a good job was done. __________________________________________________________________________________

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Name Date: Grade 8 Writing Cohort · 1.Verb’(aka’predicate) ... Subject=...

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