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Transcript of motivation
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Motivation
BABASAB PATIL
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Prentice Hall, 2001 Chapter 6 2
What Is Motivation?
Direction
PersistenceIntensity
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I was saying
"I'm the greatest”
long before
I believed it.
Intensity
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Direction
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It's not that I'm so smart, it's just that
I stay with problems longer.
Persistence
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Prentice Hall, 2001 Chapter 6 6
Direction
PersistenceIntensity
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Theories of Motivation
Needs theories• Maslow’s hierarchy
of needs• Herzberg’s two
factor theory
Process theories• Expectancy Theory• Goal Setting Theory
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Prentice Hall, 2001 Chapter 6 9
Maslow’sHierarchyof Needs Self
Esteem
Social
Safety
Physiological
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Questionnaire
What’s important to you at work?
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Contrasting Views of Satisfaction and Dissatisfaction
Satisfaction Dissatisfaction
Traditional view
Satisfaction No satisfaction
Herzberg's view
No dissatisfaction Dissatisfaction
Hygiene Factors
Motivators
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Dissatisfactionand
demotivation
Not dissatisfiedbut
not motivated
Positivesatisfaction
and motivation
Hygiene Factors
•Company policies
•Quality of supervision
•Relations with others
•Personal life
•Rate of pay
•Job security
•Working conditions
Motivational Factors
•Achievement
•Career advancement
•Personal growth
•Job interest
•Recognition
•Responsibility
Herzberg’s Two-Factor Theory
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Needs Theories
Maslow Herzberg
Hygiene
Motivators
Factors
Social
Safety
Physiological
Self-Actualisation
Esteem
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Theories of Motivation
Needs theories• Maslow’s hierarchy
of needs• Herzberg’s two
factor theory
Process theories• Expectancy Theory• Goal Setting Theory
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Prentice Hall, 2001 Chapter 6 15
Expectancy Theory(Vroom)
3. Rewards-Personal goals relationship = Valence
1. Effort-Performance relationship = Expectancy
2. Performance-Rewards relationship = Instrumentality
IndividualEffort
IndividualPerformance
PersonalGoals
OrganisationalRewards
1 2
3
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How Expectancy Theory Works
Expectancy
Effort - Performance Link
E=0
No matter how much effort
you put in, probably not possible
to memorise the text in 24 hours
Instrumentality
Performance - Rewards Link
I=0
Your tutor does not look
like someone who has £1 million
Valence
Rewards - Personal Goals Link
V=1
There are a lot of wonderful things
you could do with £1 million
Your tutor offers you £1 million if you memorise the textbook by tomorrow morning.
Conclusion: Though you value the reward, you will not be motivated to do this task.
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Goal Setting
GoalsSpecificDifficultAccepted
Effects on PersonDirects attention
EnergisesEncourages persistency
New strategies developed
Feedback
Performance
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Motivation Theories Summary
Needs theories• Maslow’s hierarchy
of needs• Herzberg’s two
factor theory
Process theories• Expectancy Theory• Goal Setting Theory
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Self-Motivation
• Self-fulfilment and satisfaction
• Difficult goals lead to higher performance
• Motivation to act depends on the attractiveness of the outcome
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Begin with the end in mind
What are your talents?
What is your ultimate career goal?
What can you achieve in 2 years?
What are your personal goals?
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Prentice Hall, 2001 Chapter 6 21
Motivation
Direction
PersistenceIntensity
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