Management System Part II: Inventory of Radiation Sources – Regulatory Authority Information...

Management System

Part II: Inventory of Radiation Part II: Inventory of Radiation Sources – Regulatory Authority Sources – Regulatory Authority

Information System (RAIS)Information System (RAIS)

RAISRAIS

Development and operation of RAIS depends on:Notifications Categorization of Radiation SourcesInventory of Radiation Sources and

Users/Locations

Notification - FormNotification - Form

Contents of the form Name and Address of the Legal PersonName and Address of the OrganizationNature of the Practice in which source is

used

(cont.)

Notification - FormNotification - Form

Identification of each source(a) Radionuclide

Activity Chemical Form Sealed Source (if yes, Manufacturer/Model)(b) Radiation Generating Equipment Manufacturer, Model Operating Potential Nature of Equipment in which source is

installedDateSignature for Legal Person

NotificationNotification

New regulatory authority should (1/3) prioritize the need for gaining regulatory control

over practices in terms of likelihood and magnitude of potential exposures

identify and list likely source users provide documented requests for notification to all

likely source users and request replies follow up likely source users telephonically or by

on-site visits, if there is no response to the request for notification


New regulatory authority should (2/3) follow up on cases where a negative response was

provided to the request for notification, but where the regulatory authority has contradictory information or other reasons to believe that the respondent may possess sources

document and log into the inventory all cases where sources (either in use/storage/abandoned) or source users are identified


New regulatory authority should (3/3) periodically update the source inventory with new

information develop and implement a process to check on the

accuracy of the notification/inventory system, with an emphasis on sources or practices with higher risks

be able to identify and locate every source (either directly through its own inventory or through licensees/registrants inventories) subject to its regulatory control

Categorization of sourcesCategorization of sources

Categorization is relevant to decisions in bringing sources under control guide the application of a regulatory infrastructure

prioritize a regulatory authority’s resources and training activities

guide the degree of detail necessary for a safety assessment

serve as a measure of the intensity of effort which should be applied to the safety and security of a particular type of source


IAEA-TECDOC 1191, Categorization of Radiation Sources (Dec 2000)Develops a categorization scheme for

radiation sources

Categorization of sourcesCategorization of sourcesIAEA-TECDOC 1191

The report focuses on sealed sources in industry, medicine, research and teaching, agriculture, and military applications

Issues of safety and security for radiation sources may arise during each stage of the life of a source, including, for example, manufacture, supply, transport, use, storage, transfer, repair, and decommissioning and disposal

The categorization scheme is based on a number of factors including the potential for causing serious injury or contamination and the probability of such accidents occurring.

Categorization of sourcesCategorization of sourcesSource Attributes

• Radiological properties• type of radiation, half life, energy of radiation,

source activity.• Form of the material

• physical and chemical form, sealed or unsealed, risk of contamination in event of accident, toxicity of material

• Practice or conditions of use• fixed facility or mobile, type of application,

design and construction, source size, presence of shielding, and operational factors e.g. moved from shielding to do task.


Exposure scenarios• types of exposure scenarios that are available in

use or if control lost, presence of stochastic or deterministic effects, ability to detect source if lost, historical records of accidents.

End of life• disposal options, cost and availability of these

options, traceability of sources, frequency with which there may be disused sources or spent sources, and net probability source will be lost from regulatory control regime.

Categorization of SourcesCategorization of Sources

Category 1: Industrial radiography, teletherapy, irradiators• Sources in this category present significant

hazards which require • examination of the conditions of use, the construction

and operation of the facility• training and competence of users, • control mechanisms that the user will apply to assure

safety and security• detailed safety assessment would be expected to support

the authorization of the source or device, and also of the facility when the use is in a fixed location.


Category 2: HDR Brachytherapy, fixed industrial gauges with high activity sources, well logging, LDR brachytherapy The level of intensity applied to the review and assessment

of an application for authorization might be somewhat less than that expected for Category 1.

Although the quantities of radioactive material may be lower, other source attributes, such as portability and accessibility will remain critical, including the potential loss of accountability and presence of reasonable options for the disposal of disused or spent sources.


Category 3: Fixed industrial gauges involving lower activity sources In many cases, safety and security during

operations is a function of the device construction. A detailed review of a particular application for use

will not be needed. However, the Regulatory Authority will need to

remain mindful of end of life issues where there may be the potential for a loss of regulatory control if accountability is not maintained.

Regulatory authority Information Regulatory authority Information System (RAIS)System (RAIS)

Module 1: Inventory of Radiation Sources and Installations Lists all radiation sources within an installation,

classified by practice Covers installations having a given type of

equipment, for a given practice Covers multiple radiation sources Tracks history of a source until returned to the

supplier or managed as radioactive waste


Module 2: Authorization Tracks the administrative status of an installation,

from initial application to its authorization, including pre-operational inspections

Covers authorization related to transfers of radiation sources between authorizations

Allows the regulatory authority to issue authorization documents through RAIS


Module 3: Inspection and Enforcement Inspections carried out within specified time

periods Inspections that should be done over a future time

period Assists in monitoring follow-up actions and

deadlines Allows the regulatory authority to issue inspection

reports through RAIS


Module 4: Individual Dose Monitoring Calculates estimates of the effective dose to

workers from measured individual dose records Lists doses to workers at each installation Computes total doses for workers employed at

more than one installation Stores the dose histories of workers


Module 5: Performance Indicators REGULATORY AUTHORITY INDICATORS

Lists authorizations processed Displays average time for processing an authorization,

classified by practice Lists inspections, by practice, geographic area or

inspector; enforcement actions; ongoing actions/deadlines

LICENSEE INDICATORS Displays average occupational doses by practice, doses

exceeding dose constraints or investigation levels Stores history of incidents and non-compliance Stores history of enforcement actions


Search and reporting capabilities (1/3)sources report by installationinstallation reports by practiceinstallation report by authorization typefrequency of inspection by category reportreport on inspections by practiceinspections made, pending and outstandinglist of inspections by inspector name


Search and reporting capabilities (2/3)number of sealed sources by nuclidetotal activity of sealed sources by nuclidenumber of accelerators by practicenumber of authorizations by practicenumber of pending authorizationsaverage time for granting authorizationsthe number of enforcement letters by

practice/period


Search and reporting capabilities (3/3)number of proposals for penalties by

practice/periodnumber of findings by practicenumber of monitored workersmaximum accumulated dose by practiceannual effective dose distributionnumber of workers

Management System Part II: Inventory of Radiation Sources – Regulatory Authority Information...

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