An LSU Museum of Natural Science presentation to accompany the activity

Louisiana Rocks and Louisiana Rocks and MineralsMinerals

Mining Calculations

3. Record the value of your minerals ($1000 for every gram in the cup): $____

Total profit = #3 – (#1 + #2)Value of Minerals $_____ - Total Cost $_____

= Total Profit $_______

1. Total mining and processing fee ($100 per every five minutes): $_____2. Land damage: # of broken cookie pieces X $100 = $_____Total cost = #1 + #2Total Land Damage + Chip Mine Fee: $______

Objective: Students will gain an understanding of where minerals come from and the environmental impact of mining.

Materials

For teacher: Stop watch, scale, bucket of pennies

For student: 4 chocolate cookies, toothpicks, pencil, data recording sheet, small weigh boat

Mining for MMM…MineralsMining for MMM…Minerals

Mining rules

1. Your mine will earn $1000 for every gram of chips mined.

2. You will be charged $100 for every 5 minutes of mining.

3. You will be fined $100 for each piece of cookie that breaks off. The more damage, the more you lose.

Investigating the layer- cake earth

What is stratigraphy?

Study of sediment layers and the relationship between rocks and fossils with time.

Rules of StratigraphyRules of Stratigraphy

• Steno’s Principle of SuperpositionLower layers are older than higher layers

• Original HorizontalityLayers are deposited in (near-) horizontal manner

• Principle of Lateral continuityLayers extend laterally in all direction

• Cross-Cutting RelationshipsLayers intruded by other rocks are older than

the intruding rocks

Unconformities-represents a gap in deposition – lost time!

• Nonconformity• Angular• Disconformity

Sediment layers are LostSediment layers are Lost…..…..

http://epod.usra.edu/archive/images/uncoformitysm.jpg

……..And Moved..And Moved

Faults - Surfaces where rocks have fractured and been displaced (move relative to one another).

Rules apply across Space and Time!Rules apply across Space and Time!

Given the diagram, list the order (oldest to youngest) in which the following events happened:

A. Faulting B. Tilting E. IntrusionC. Erosion D. Deposition

Classroom assessment activity

Deposition 1Deposition 1

Tilting

Tilt

ing

Deposition 2 Deposition 2

IntrusionErosion

Faulting

1. Deposition 1 2. Tilting 3. Erosion4. Deposition 2 5. Intrusion 6. Faulting

Illustration of example cake set-up. Note different cake layers (different colors) and

fault.