Literaturliste zum Springer-Lehrbuch

1

Literaturliste zum Springer-Lehrbuch

Löffler/Petrides Biochemie und Pathobiochemie, 9. Aufl. 2014, ISBN 978-3-642-17971-6

I Grundlagen der Biochemie und Molekularen Zellbiologie

Kapitel 1 Ohne Wasser kein Leben

Campbell MK, Farrell SO (2011) Biochemistry 7th edn, Chapter 2 Water: The Solvent for Biochemical Reactions. Brooks Cole, Belmont/CA, USA

Chaplin M (2014) Water structure and science. http: //www.lsbu.ac.uk/water/abstrct.html#mem (updated 29.03.2014)

Devlin TM (2011) Textbook of Biochemistry with Clinical Correlations 7th edn, Structure of Macromolecules. Wiley & Sons, New York & Sons, New York

Garrett RH, Grisham CM (2010) Biochemistry 4th edn, Water: The Medium of Life, part 1. Brooks Cole, Belmont/CA, USA

Lieberman M, Marks AD (2009) Mark’s Basic Medical Biochemistry A Clinical Approach Water 3rd edn. Acids, Bases, and Buffers, section 2. Wolters Kluwer, Köln

Lodish H et al (2013) Molecular Cell Biology 7th edn, Chemical Foundations. Freemann, Gumbrills, MD, USA

Murray et al (2012) Harper’ s Illustrated Biochemistry 29th edn, Chapter 2: Water and pH. Lange Medical Books, McGraw-Hill, New York

Nelson DL, Cox MM (2013) Lehninger Principles of Biochemistry 6th edn, Chapter 2: Water. Freemann, Gumbrills, MD, USA

Nelson DL, Cox MM (2011) Lehninger Biochemie, 4. Aufl. Springer Verlag, Berlin Heidelberg

Pratt CW, Cornely K (2014) Essential Biochemistry3rd edn, Chapter 2 Aqueous Chemistry. Wiley & Sons, New York

Schmuck C et al (2008) Chemie für Mediziner. Pearson Studium, Hallbergmoos

Sui H et al (2001) Structural basis of water – specific transport through the AQP1 water channel. Nature 414: 872–878

Voet D, Voet JG (2011) Biochemistry 4th edn, Chapter 2: Water. Wiley & Sons, New York

Kapitel 2 Vom Molekül zum Organismus

Follmann H, Brownson C (2009) Darwin’s warm little pond revisited: from molecules to the origin of life. Naturwissenschaften 96: 1265–1292

Follmann H, Grahn W (1999) Chemie für Biologen. Teubner Studienbücher, Stuttgart

Guo Z, Sadler PJ (1999) Metalle in der Medizin. Angewandte Chemie 111: 1610–1630

Hilt G, Rinze P (2007) Chemisches Praktikum für Mediziner. Teubner Studien-bücher, Stuttgart

Huber R, Stetter KO (2001) Discovery of hyperthermophilic microorganisms. Methods in Enzymology 330: 11–24

Kaim W, Schwederski B (2005) Bioanorganische Chemie. Teubner Studien-bücher, Stuttgart

Liebl W (2011) Synthetische Biologie: Perspektiven. Nachrichten aus der Chemie 59: 303–308

Mortimer CE, Müller U (2010) Chemie – Das Basiswissen. Thieme, StuttgartWoese CR (2000) Interpreting the universal phylogenetic tree. Proc Natl

Acad Sci USA 97: 8392–8396Zeeck A, Grond S, Papastavrou I, Zeeck SC (2014) Chemie für Mediziner

8. Aufl. Urban & Fischer/ Elsevier, Amsterdam

Kapitel 3 Kohlenhydrate, Lipide, Aminosäuren und Nucleotide – Bausteine des Lebens

Bücher und MonographienErnst B, Hart GW, Sinay B (eds) (2000) Carbohydrates in Chemistry and

Biology, Vol I–IV. VCH, WeinheimFersht A (1999) Structure and Mechanism in Protein Science. Freemann,

Gumbrills, MD, USAKatsaras J, Gutberlet T(2001) Lipid Bilayers: Structure and Interactions.

Springer, HeidelbergVance DE, Jean E, Vance JE (eds) (2008) Biochemistry of Lipids, Lipoproteins

and Membranes, 5th edn. Elsevier, AmsterdamVarki A, Cummings R, Esko J, Freeze H, Hart G, Marth J (2002) Essentials of

Glycobiology. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Cold Spring Harbor

Übersichten und OriginalarbeitenBernfield M et al (1999) Functions of cell surface heparan sulphate proteo-

glycans. Annu Rev Biochem 68: 729–777Iozzo RV (1998) Matrix proteoglycans: From molecular design to cellular

function. Annu Rev Biochem 67: 609–652Kyte J, Doolittle RF (1982) A simple method for displaying the hydropathic

character of a protein. J Mol Biol 157:105Lagerholm BC, Weinreb GE, Jacobson K, Thompson NL (2005) Detecting

microdomains in intact cell membranes. Annu Rev Phys Chem 56: 309–336

Le Roy C, Wrana JL (2005) Clathrin- and non-clathrin-mediated endocytic regulation of cell signalling. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 6(2): 112–126

Pike LJ (2004) Lipid rafts: heterogeneity on the high seas. Biochem J 378: 281–292

Razani B, Woodman SE, Lisanti MP (2002) Caveolae: From Cell Biology to Animal Physiology. Pharmacol Rev 54: 431–467

Simons K, Ehehalt R (2002) Cholesterol, lipid rafts, and disease. J Clin Invest 110: 597–603

Simons K, Ikonen E (2000) How Cells Handle Cholesterol. Science 290: 1722–1726

Simons K, Vaz WL (2004) Model systems, lipid rafts, and cell membranes. Annu Rev Biophys Biomol Struct 33: 269–295

Stadtman TC (1996) Selenocysteine. Annu Rev Biochem 65: 83–100

Kapitel 4 Bioenergetik

Alberty RA (2006) Biochemical Thermodynamics. John Wiley & Sons, New York

Alberty RA et al (2011) Recommendations for Terminology and Databases for Biochemical Thermodynamics. Biophysical Chemistry 155: 89–103

Aledo JC (2007) Coupled Reactions Versus Connected Reactions. Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Education 35: 85–88

Macklem PT, Seely A (2010) Towards a Definition of Life. Perspectives in Biology and Medicine 53: 330–340

Mendez E (2008) Biochemical Thermodynamics Under Near Physiological Conditions. Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Education 36: 116–119

2 Literaturliste zum Springer-Lehrbuch

Kapitel 5 Proteine – Struktur und Funktion

Dill KA, Chan HS (1997) Form Levinthal to pathways to funnels. Nature Struct Biol 4: 10–19

Doolittle RF, Bork P (1993) Evolutionarily mobile modules in proteins. Sci Amer 269: 50–56

Engh RA. Huber R. (1991) Accurate bond and angle parameters for X-ray protein structure refinement. Acta Cryst A47: 392–400

Fändrich M, Fletcher MA, Dobson CM (2001) Amyloid fibrils from muscle myoglobin. Nature 410: 165–166

Orengo CA, Thornton JM (2005) Protein families and their evolution – A structural perspective. Ann Rev Biochem 74: 867–900

Pauling L (1968) Die Natur der chemischen Bindung. Verlag Chemie, Weinheim.

Ramachandran GN, Sasisekharan V (1968) Conformation of polypeptides and proteins. Adv Protein Chem 23: 283–438

Kapitel 6 Proteine – Analytische Untersuchungs-methoden, Synthese und Isolierung

Gygi SP, Aebersold R (2000) Mass spectrometry and proteomics. Curr Opinion Chem Biol 4: 489–494

Hess B, Sosinka J (1974) Pyruvate kinase of yeast. Properties and crystals. Naturwissenschaften 61: 122–124

Kapitel 7 Enzyme – Grundkonzepte der Biokatalyse

Barbany M et al (2003) On the Generation of Catalytic Antibodies by Transition State Analogues. ChemBioChem 4: 277–285

Cook PF, Cleland WW (2007) Enzyme Kinetics and Mechanism. Garland Science Publishing, New York

Copley SD et al (2003) Enzymes With Extra Talents: Moonlighting Functions and Catalytic Promiscuity. Current Opinion in Chemical Biology 7: 265–272

Fersht A (1999) Structure and Mechanism in Protein Science. Freemann, Gumbrills, MD, USA

Frey PA, Hegeman AD (2007) Enzymatic Reaction Mechanisms. Oxford University Press, New York

Jeffery CJ (2009) Moonlighting Proteins – An Update. Molecular BioSystems 5: 345–350

Khan AU (2006) Ribozyme: A Clinical Tool. Clinica Chimica Acta 367: 20–27Lacroix-Desmazes S et al (2005) High Levels of Catalytic Antibodies Cor-

relate With Favorable Outcome in Sepsis. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 102: 4109–4113

Lilley DM (2005) Structure, Folding and Mechanisms of Ribozymes. Current Opinion in Structural Biology 15: 313–323

Schramm VL (2005) Enzymatic Transition States: Thermodynamics, Dynamics and Analogue Design. Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics 433: 13–26

Kapitel 8 Regulation der Enzymaktivität

Bisswanger H (2000) Enzymkinetik. Wiley-VCH, WeinheimBlobaum AL, Lawrence JM (2007) Structural and Functional Basis of Cyclo-

oxygenase Inhibition. Journal of Medicinal Chemistry 50: 1425–1441Changeux JP, Edelstein SJ (2005) Allosteric Mechanisms of Signal Transduc-

tion. Science 308: 1424–1428Cook PF, Cleland WW (2007) Enzyme Kinetics and Mechanism. Garland

Science Publishing, New YorkCornish-Bowden A (2004) Fundamentals of Enzyme Kinetics. Portland Press,

London

FitzGerald GA (2003) COX-2 and Beyond: Approaches to Prostaglandin Inhibition in Human Disease. Nature Reviews Drug Discovery 2: 879–890

Johnson LN, Lewis RJ (2001) Structural Basis for Control by Phosphorylation. Chemical Reviews 101: 2209–2242

Yamada T, Bork P (2009) Evolution of Biomolecular Networks: Lessons from Metabolic and Protein Interactions. Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology 10: 791–803

Kapitel 9 Enzyme in Forschung, Diagnostik und Therapie

Ernst B, Vögtli A (2010) Moderne Pharmakokinetik. Transport durch Membranen. Wiley-VCH, Weinheim

Furge LL, Guengerich FP (2006) Cytochrome P450 Enzymes in Drug Metabolism and Chemical Toxicology: An Introduction. Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Education 34: 66–74

Imming P et al (2007) Drugs, Their Targets and the Nature and Number of Drug Targets. Nature Reviews Drug Discovery 5: 821–834

Klebe G (2009) Wirkstoffdesign. Entwurf und Wirkung von Arzneistoffen. Spektrum, Heidelberg

Nuhn P (2006) Enzyminhibitoren als Arzneistoffe. Pharmazie in unserer Zeit 26: 238–248

Robertson JG (2007) Enzymes as a Special Class of Therapeutic Target: Clinical Drugs and Modes of Action. Current Opinion in Structural Biology 17: 674–679

Supuran CT (2008) Carbonic Anhydrases: Novel Therapeutic Applications for Inhibitors and Activators. Nature Reviews Drug Discovery 7: 168–181

Thomas L (2008) Labor und Diagnose. TH-Books, Frankfurt/M.

Kapitel 10 Nucleinsäuren – Struktur und Funktion

MonographienEcholls H, Cross C (2001) Operators and promoters: the story of molecular

biology and its creators. University of California Press, Berkeley, CA, USA

MacAlpine DM, Almouzni G (2013) Chromatin and DNA replication. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 2013 5(8): a010207

Portugal F, Cohen J (1980) A century of DNA: A history of the discovery of the structure and function of the genetic substance. MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, USA

ÜbersichtsarbeitenAllgemeine ÜbersichtsarbeitenHirano T (2006) At the heart of the chromosome: SMC proteins in action.

Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 7: 311–322International Human Genome Sequencing Consortium (2004) Finishing

the euchromatic sequence of the human genome. Nature 431: 931–945Luger K (2003) Structure and dynamic behavior of nucleosomes. Curr Opinion

Gen Develop 13: 127–135Redi CA, Capanna E (2012) Genome size evolution: sizing mammalian

genomes. Cytogenet Genome Res 137: 97–112Venter JC, Adams MD, Myers EW et al (2001) The sequence of the human

genome. Science 291: 1304–1351Woodcock CL (2006) Chromatin architecture. Curr Opin Struct Biol. 16:

213–220Zamore PD, Haley B (2005) Ribo-genome: The Big World of Small RNAs.

Science 309: 1519–1524

Spezielle ÜbersichtsarbeitenBacolla A, Wells RD (2009) Non-B DNA conformations as determinants of

mutagenesis and human disease. Mol. Carcinogenesis 48: 273–285

Literaturliste zum Springer-Lehrbuch3

Fabian MR, Sonenberg N (2012) The mechanics of miRNA-mediated gene silencing: A look under the hood of miRISCNat. Struct. Mol Biol 19: 586–593

Gilbert N, Allan J (2013) Supercoiling in DNA and chromatin. Curr Opin Genet Develop 25C: 15–21

Lavorgna G, Dahary D, Lehner B, Sorek R, Sanderson CM, Casari G (2004) In search of antisense. TIBS 29: 88–94

Malone CD, Hannon GJ (2009) Small RNAs as guardians oft he genome. Cell 136: 656–668

Neveu M, Kim HJ, Brenner SA (2013) The »strong« RNA world hypothesis: fifty years old. Astrobiology 13(4): 391–403

Rich A, Zhang S (2003) Z-DNA: the long road to biological function. Nature Rev Genetics 4: 566–572

Swygert SG, Peterson CL (2014) Chromatin dynamics: Interplay between remodeling enzymes and histone modifications. Biochim Biophys Acta. doi: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2014.02.013

OriginalarbeitenCello J, Paul A, Wimmer E (2002) Chemical synthesis of poliovirus cDNA:

generation of infectious virus in the absence of natural template. Science 297: 1016–1018

Cerf C, Lippens G, Ramakrishnan V, Muyldermannes S, Segers A, Wodak SJ, Hallenga K (1994) Homo- und heteronuclear two-dimensional NMR studies of the globular domain of histone H1: full assignment, tertiary structure, and comparison with the globular domain of histone H5. Biochemistry 33: 11079–11086

Luger K, Mader AW, Richmond RK, Sargent DF, Richmond TJ (1997) Crystal structure of the nucleosome core particle at 2.8 A resolution. Nature 389: 251–260

Watson JD, Crick F (1953) Molecular structure of nucleic acids; a structure for desoxypentose nucleic acid. Nature 171: 737–738

Watson JD, Crick F (1953) Genetical implications of the structure of desoxy-ribonucleic acid. Nature 171: 964–967

Wilkins M, Stokes A, Wilson H (1953) Molecular structure of desoxypentose nucleic acid. Nature 171: 738–740

LehrbücherAlberts B, Bray D, Hopkin K, Johnson A, Lewis J, Raff M, Roberts K, Walter P

(2013) Essential Cell Biology, 4th edn. Garland Science, New YorkAlberts B, Johnson A, Lewis J, Raff M, Roberts K, Walter P (2008) Molecular

Biology of the Cell, 5th edn. Garland Science, New YorkBerg JM, Tymoczko JL, Stryer L (2011) Biochemistry, 7th edn. Freemann,

Gumbrills, MD, USALewin B (2013) Genes XI. Jones & Bartlett Publishers, Sudbury/MA, USALodish H, Berk A, Kaiser C, Krieger M, Scott M, Bretscher A, Ploegh H,

Matsudaira P (2008) Molecular Cell Biology, 6th edn. Freemann, Gumbrills, MD, USA

Müller-Esterl W (2004) Biochemie. Spektrum, HeidelbergNelson DL, Cox MM (2013) Lehninger Principles of Biochemistry, 6th edn.

Macmillan, LondonWatson JD, Baker TA, Bell SP, Gann A. Levine M, Losick R (2011) Molekular-

biologie, 6. Aufl. Pearson Studium, Hallbergmoos

Links im Netzhttp: //www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mapview/ (National Center for Biotechnology

Information)

Kapitel 11 Biomembranen

Bevers EM, Williamson PL (2010) Phospholipid scramblase: An update. FEBS Letters 584: 2724–2730

Cao X, Surma MA, Simons K (2012) Polarized sorting and trafficking in epithelial cells. Cell Res 22: 793–805

Devaux PF, Herrmann A, Ohlwein N, Kozlov MM (2008) How lipid flippases can modulate membrane structure. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA). Biomembranes 778: 1591–1600


Razani B, Woodman SE, Lisanti MP (2002) Caveolae: from cell biology to animal physiology. Pharmacol Rev 54(3):431–67. Review

Simons K, Sampaio JL (2011) Membrane organization and lipid rafts. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 3: a004697

Simons K, Ikonen E (2000) How cells handle cholesterol. Science 1 290(5497):1721–6. Review

Wright EM, Loo DD, Hirayama BA (2011) Biology of human sodium glucose transporters. Physiol Rev 91: 733–794

Kapitel 12 Zellorganellen und Vesikeltransport

Allen TD, Cronshaw JM, Bagley S, Kiseleva E, Goldberg MW (2000) The nuclear pore complex: mediator of translocation between nucleus and cytoplasm. Journal of Cell Science 113: 1651–1659

Alvarez J, Costales L, López-Muñiz A, López JM (2005) Chondrocytes are released as viable cells during cartilage resorption associated with the formation of intrachondral canals in the rat tibial epiphysis. Cell Tissue Res 320(3):501–7. Epub 2005 Apr 22

Aranda-Anzaldo A, Dent MA, Martínez-Gómez A (2014) The higher-order structure in the cells nucleus as the structural basis of the post-mitotic state. Prog Biophys Mol Biol 79: 6107(14)00005-4

Barr FA (2013) Review series: Rab GTPases and membrane identity: causal or inconsequential? J Cell Biol 202: 191–199

Chook YM, Süel KE (2011) Nuclear import by karyopherin-βs: recognition and inhibition. Biochim Biophys Acta 1813: 1593–1606

Geva Y, Schuldiner M (2014) The back and forth of cargo exit from the endoplasmic reticulum. Curr Biol 24: R130–136

Godlee C, Kaksonen M (2013) Review series: From uncertain beginnings: initiation mechanisms of clathrin-mediated endocytosis. J Cell Biol 203: 717–725

Harbauer AB, Zahedi RP, Sickmann A, Pfanner N, Meisinger C (2014) The Protein Import Machinery of Mitochondria A Regulatory Hub in Metabolism, Stress, and Disease. Cell Metabolism 19: 357–372

Heuser JE, Anderson RG (1989) Hypertonic media inhibit receptor-mediated endocytosis by blocking clathrin-coated pit formation. J Cell Biol 108(2):389–400

Kornmann B, Currie E, Collins SR, Schuldiner M, Nunnari J, Weissman JS (2009) An ER-mitochondria tethering complex revealed by a synthetic biology screen. Science 325: 477–481

Kusumi A, Suzuki KGN, Kasai RS, Ritchie K, Fujiwara TK (2011) Hierarchical mesoscale domain organization of the plasma membrane. Trends in Biochemical Sciences 36: 604–615

Lodhi IJ, Semenkovich CF (2014) Peroxisomes: A Nexus for Lipid Metabolism and Cellular Signaling. Cell Metabolism19: 380–392

Lodish H, Berk A, Zipursky SL, Matsudaira P, Baltimore D, Darnell JE (2001) Molekulare Zellbiolgie, 4. Aufl. Spektrum Akademischer Verlag, Heidelberg Berlin

Robinson DG, Pimpl P (2014) Clathrin and post-Golgi trafficking: a very complicated issue. Trends Plant Sci 19: 134–139

Sahini N, Borlak J (2014) Recent insights into the molecular pathophysiology of lipid droplet formation in hepatocytes. Prog Lipid Res, Epub ahead of print

Kapitel 13 Cytoskelett

Berg KD, Tamas RM, Riemann A et al (2009) Caveolae in fibroblast-like synoviocytes: static structures associated with vimentin-based inter-mediate filaments. Histochem Cell Biol 131: 103–114

Blanchoin L, Boujemaa-Paterski R, Sykes C, Plastino J (2014) Actin dynamics, architecture, and mechanics in cell motility. Physiol Rev 94: 235–263


Chung BM, Rotty JD, Coulombe PA (2013) Networking galore: intermediate filaments and cell migration. Curr Opin Cell Biol 25: 600–612

Dey P, Togra J, Mitra S (2014) Intermediate filament: Structure, function, and applications in cytology. Diagn Cytopathol, Epub ahead of print

Etienne-Manneville S (2013) Microtubules in cell migration. Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol 29: 471–499

Kneussel M, Wagner W (2013) Myosin motors at neuronal synapses: drivers of membrane transport and actin dynamics. Nat Rev Neurosci 14: 233–247


Mallik R, Rai AK, Barak P, Rai A, Kunwar A (2013) Teamwork in microtubule motors. Trends Cell Biol 23: 575–582

II Zellulärer Metabolismus

Kapitel 14 Glucose – Schlüsselmolekül des Kohlenhydratstoffwechsels,

Kapitel 15 Mechanismen der Glucose homöostase,

Kapitel 16 Zucker – Bausteine von Glyco proteinen und Heteroglycanen,

Kapitel 17 Pathobiochemie des Kohlenhydratstoffwechsels

Aggen JB, Nairn AC, Chamerlin R (2000) Regulation of protein phosphatase-1. Chem Biol 7: R13–R23

Cardenas ML, Cornish-Bowden A, Ureta T (1998) Evolution and regulatory role of the hexokinases. Biochim Biophys Acta 1401: 242–264

Chesney J (2006) 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase and tumor cell glycolysis. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care Sep 9(5): 535–539

Chou JY, Sik Jun H, Mansfield BC (2013) The SLC37 family of phosphate- linked sugar phosphate antiporters. Mol Aspects Med 34(2–3): 601–611

Cohen P (1999) The Croonian Lecture 1998. Identification of a protein kinase cascade of major importance in insulin signal transduction. Phil Trans R Soc Lond B 354: 485–495

Czech MP, Corvera S (1999) Signaling mechanisms that regulate glucose transport. J Biol Chem 274: 1865–1868

Dentin, Girard J, Postic C (2005) Carbohydrate responsive element binding protein (ChREBP) and sterol regulatory element binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c): two key regulators of glucose metabolism and lipid synthesis in liver. Biochimie 87: 81–86

Ferrer JC, Favre C, Gomis RR, Fernandez-Novell JM, Garcia-Rocha M, de la Iglesia N, Cid E, Guinovart JJ (2003) Control of glycogen deposition. FEBS Lett 546: 127–132

Iglesia N de la, Mukhtar M, Seoane J, Guinovart JJ (2000) The role of the regulatory protein of glucokinase in the glucose sensory mechanism of the hepatocyte. J Biol Chem 275: 10597–10603

Jakus V, Rietbrock N (2004) Advanced Glycation End-Products and the Progress of Diabetic Vascular Complications. Physiol Res 53: 131–142

Lander AD, Selleck SB (2000) The Elusive Functions of Proteoglycans: In Vivo Veritas. J Cell Biol 148: 227–232

Livanova NB, Chebotareva NA, Eronina TB, Kurganov BI (2002) Pyridoxal-5- phosphate as a catalytic and conformational cofactor of muscle glycogen phosphorylase. Biochemistry 67: 1317–1327

Mayr B, Montminy M (2001) Transcriptional regulation by the phosphoryla-tion-dependent factor CREB. Nature Rev Mol Cell Biol 2: 599–609

Mor I, Cheung EC, Vousden KH (2011) Control of glycolysis through regula-tion of PFK1: old friends and recent additions. Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol 76: 211–216

Mueckler M, Thorens B (2013) The SLC2 (GLUT) family of membrane trans-porters. Mol Aspects Med 34: 128–138

Parodi AJ (2000) Protein glucosylation and its role in protein folding. Annu Rev Biochem 69: 69–93

Prydz K, Dalen KT (2000) Synthesis and Sorting of proteoglycans. J Cell Sci 113: 193–205

Pummill PE, DeAngelis PL (2002) Evaluation of Critical Structural Elements of UDP-Sugar Substrates and Certain Cysteine Residues of a Vertebrate Hyaluronan Synthase. J Biol Chem 277: 21610–21616

Rider MH, Bertrand L, Vertommen D, Michels PA, Rousseau GG, Hue L (2004) 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase: head-to-head with a bifunctional enzyme that controls glycolysis. Biochem J 381 (Pt 3): 561–579

Roach PJ (2002) Glycogen and its Metabolism. Curr Mol Med 2: 101–120Ruiz R, Jideonwo V, Ahn M, Surendran S, Tagliabracci VS, Hou Y, Gamble A,

Kerner J, Irimia-Dominguez JM, Puchowicz MA, Depaoli-Roach A, Hoppel C, Roach P, Morral N (2014) Sterol Regulatory Element-binding Protein-1 (SREBP-1) Is Required to Regulate Glycogen Synthesis and Gluconeogenic Gene Expression in Mouse Liver. J Biol Chem 289(9): 5510–5517

Sakurai S, Yonekura H, Yamamoto Y, Watanabe T, Tanaka N, Li H, Rahman AKMA, Myint KM, Kim CH, Yamamoto H (2003) The AGE-RAGE System and Diabetic Nephropathy. J Am Soc Nephrol 14: S259–S263

Salas-Burgos A, Iserovich P, Zuniga F, Vera JC, Fischbarg J (2004) Predicting the Three-Dimensional Structure of the Human Facilitative Glucose Transporter Glut1 by a Novel Evolutionary Homology Strategy: Insights on the Molecular Mechanism of Substrate Migration, and Binding Sites for Glucose and Inhibitory Molecules. Biophysical Journal 87: 2990–2999

Schauer R (2004) Victor Ginsburgs influence on my research of the role of sialic acids in biological recognition. Arch Biochem Biophys 426: 132–141

Scheepers A, Joost R, Schürmann A (2004) The Glucose Transporter Families SGLT and GLUT: Molecular Basis of Normal and Aberrant Function. Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition 28: 365–372

Schmidt AM, Yan SD, Yan SF, Stern DM (2000) The biology of the receptor for advanced glycation end products and its ligands. Biochim Biophys Acta 1498: 99–111

Schöneberg T, Kloos M, Brüser A, Sträter N (2013) Structure and allosteric regulation of eukaryotic 6-phosphfructokinases. Biol Chem 394: 977–993

Taylor ME, Drickamer K (2003) Introduction to Glycobiology. Oxford University Press, Oxford

Tukey RH, Strassburg CP (2001) Genetic Multiplicity of the Human UDPGlucuronosyltransferases and Regulation in the Gastrointestinal Tract. Mol Pharmacol 59: 405–414

Van Schaftingen E, Gerin I (2002)The glucose-6-phosphatase system. Biochem J 362: 513–532

Watson RT, Kanzaki M, Pessin JE (2004) Regulated Membrane Trafficking of the Insulin-Responsive Glucose Transporter 4 in Adipocytes. Endocrine Reviews 25: 177–204

Werve G van de, Lange A, Newgard C, Méchin MC, Yazhou Li, Berteloot A (2000) New lessons in the regulation of glucose metabolism taught by the glucose 6-phosphatase system. Eur J Biochem 267: 1533–1549

Wilson JE (2003) Isoenzymes of mammalian Hexokinase: strucuture, sub cellular localization and metabolic function. J Exp Biol 206: 2049–2057


Yoshida M et al (2000) In Vitro Synthesis of Hyaluronan by a Single Protein Derived from Mouse HAS1 Gene and Characterization of Amino Acid Residues Essential for the Activity. J Biol Chem 275: 497–506

Zuniga F, Shi G, Haller J, Rubashkin A, Flynn D, Iserovich P, Fischbarg J (2001) A three-dimensional model of the human facilitative glucose trans-porter GLUT1. J Biol Chem 276: 44970–44975

Kapitel 18 Der Citratzyklus – Abbau von Acetyl-CoA zu CO2 und H2O

Attwood PV (1995) The structure and mechanism of action of pyruvate carboxylase. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 27: 231–249

Hansford RG, Zorov D (1998) Role of mitochondrial calcium transport in the control of substrate oxidation. Moll Cell Biochem 184 (1–2) 359–369

Nishio A, Coppel R, Ishibashi H, Gershwin ME (2000) The pyruvate dehydro-genase complex as a target autoantigen in primary biliary cirrhosis. Baillieres Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol 14 (4) 535–547

Patel MS, Roche TE (1990) Molecular biology and biochemistry of pyruvate dehydrogenase complexes. FASEB J 4: 3224–3233

Rustin P, Bourgeron T, Parfait B et al (1997) Inborn errors of the Krebs cycle: a group of unusual mitochondrial diseases in human. Biochmim Biophys Acta 1361 (2) 185–197

Zhou ZH, McCarthy DB, O Connor CM et al (2001) The remarkable structural and functional organization of the eukaryotic pyruvate dehydrogenase complexes. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 98 (26) 14802–14807

Kapitel 19 Mitochondrien – Organellen der ATP-Gewinnung,

Kapitel 20 Oxidoreduktasen und oxidativer Stress

Original- und ÜbersichtsarbeitenAbrahams JP, Leslie AGW, Lutter R, Walker JE (1994) Structure at 2.8 A resolu-

tion of F1-ATPase from bovine heart mitochondria. Nature 370: 621–628Althoff T, Mills DJ, Popot JL, Kühlbrandt W (2011) Arrangement of electron

transport chain components in bovine mitochondrial supercomplex I1III2IV1. The Embo Journal: Vol 30, Issue 22, 4652–4664

Berry EA, Guergova-Kuras M, Huang LS, Crofts AR (2000) Structure and func-tion of cytochrome bc complexes. Annu Rev Biochem 69: 1005–1075

Brand MD (ed) (2001) Mitochondrial control and efficacy. Biochim Biophys Acta – Bioenergetics 1504 (1) 1–172

Brandt U (2006) Energy converting NADH: quinone oxidoreductases. Annu Rev Biochem 75: 69–92

Darrouzet E, Moser CC, Dutton PL, Daldal F (2001) Large scale domain movement in cytochrome bc1: a new device for electron transfer in proteins. Trends Biochem Sci 26: 445–451

Di Mauro S, Bonilla E, Zeviani M, et al (1985) Mitochondrial myopathies. Ann Neurol (USA) 17 (6): 521–538

Frey TG, Mannella CA (2000) The internal structure of mitochondria. Trends Biochem Sci 25: 319–324

Hosler JP, Ferguson-Miller S, Mills DA (2006) Energy transduction: proton transfer through the respiratory complexes. Annu Rev Biochem 75, 165–187

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Ohnishi T, Moser CC, Page CC, Dutton PL, Yano T (2000) Simple redox-linked proton-transfer design: new insights from structures of quinol-fumarate reductase. Structure 8: XXIII–XXXII

Raha S, Robinson BH (2000) Mitochondria, oxygen free radicals, disease and ageing. Trends Biochem Sci 25: 502–508

Rodrigues DJ, Jackson JB (2002) a conformational change in the isolated NADP(H)-binding component (dIII) of transhydrogenase induced by low pH: a reflection of events during proton translocation by the complete enzyme. Bioc him Biophys Acta 1555: 8–13

Sies H (1997) Oxidative stress: oxidants and antioxidants. Exp Physiol 82: 291–295

Smeitink J, Van den Heuvel L, DiMauro S (2001) The genetics and pathology of oxidative phosphorylation. Nature Reviews Genetics 2: 342–352

Stock D, Gibbons C, Arechaga I, Leslie AGW, Walker JE (2000) The rotary mechanism of ATP synthase. Current Opinion in Structural Biology 10: 672–679

Tsukihara T, Aoyama H, Yamashita E, Tomizaki T, Yamaguchi H, Shinzawa- Itoh K, Nakashima R, Yaono R, Yoshikawa S (1996) The whole structure of the 13-subunit oxidized cytochrome c oxidase at 2.8. Science 272: 1136–1144

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Yagi T, Matsuno-Yagi A (2001) Complex I. J Bioener Biomem 33 (3) 1–266Zelko IN, Mariani TJ, Folz RJ (2002) Superoxide dismutase multigene family:

a comparison of the CuZn (SOD1), Mn-SOD (SOD2) and EC-SOD (SOD3) gene structures, evolution, and expression. Free Rad Biol Med 33: 337–349

Kapitel 21 Lipogenese und Lipolyse – Bildung und Verwertung der Fettspeicher,

Kapitel 22 Stoffwechsel von Phosphoglyceriden und Sphingolipiden,

Kapitel 23 Stoffwechsel von Cholesterin,

Kapitel 24 Lipoproteine – Transportformen der Lipide im Blut,

Kapitel 25 Pathobiochemie des Lipidstoffwechsels

Original- und ÜbersichtsarbeitenAnderson CM, Stahl A (2013) SLC27 fatty acid transport proteins. Mol Aspects

Med 34: 516–528Bevers EM, Comfurius P, Dekkers DWC, Zwaal RFA (1999) Lipid translocation

across the plasma membrane of mammalian cells. Biochim Biophys Acta 1439: 317–330

Bodzioch M, Orso E, Klucken J, Langmann T, Bottcher A, Diederich W, Drobnik W, Barlage S, Buchler C, Porsch-Ozcurumez M, Kaminski WE, Hahmann HW, Oette K, Rothe G, Aslanidis C, Lackner KJ, Schmitz G (1999) The gene encoding ATP-binding cassette transporter 1 is mutated in Tangier disease. Nat Genet 22: 347–351


Brown MS, Jin Ye, Rawson RB, Goldstein JL (2000) Regulated intramembrane proteolysis: a control mechanism conserved from bacteria to humans. Cell 100: 391–398

Dallinga-Thie GM, Franssen R, Mooij HL, Visser ME, Hassing HC, Peelman F, Kastelein JJ, Pétery M, Newdorp M (2010) The metabolism of triglycer-ide-rich lipoproteins revisited: new players, new insight. Atherosclerosis 211: 1–8

Fielding CJ, Fielding PE (2000) Cholesterol and caveolae: structural and functional relationships. Biochim Biophys Acta 1529: 210–222

Funk CD (2001) Prostaglandins and leukotrienes: advances in eicosanoid biology. Science 294: 1871–1875

Futerman AH, Hannun YA (2004) The complex life of simple sphingolipids. EMBO reports 5: 777–782

Goldstein JL, Brown MS (2001) The cholesterol quartet. Science 292: 1310–1314

Goldstein JL, DeBose-Boyd RA, Brown MS (2006) Protein Sensors for Membrane Sterols. Cell 124: 35–46

Hardie DG (2004) The AMP-activated protein kinase pathway – new players upstream and downstream. J Cell Sci 117: 5479–5487

Hardie DG, Sakamoto K (2006) AMPK: A Key Sensor of Fuel and Energy Status in Skeletal Muscle. Physiology 21: 48–60

Hla T, Lee M, Ancellin N, Paik JH, Kluk MJ (2001) Lysophospholipids: receptor revelations. Science 294: 1875–1878

Horton JD, Shah NA, Warrington JA, Anderson NN, Wook Park S, Brown MS, Goldstein JL (2003) Combined analysis of oligonucleotide microarray data from transgenic and knockout mice identifies direct SREBP target genes. Proc Natl Acad Sci (USA) 100: 12027–12032

Huwiler A, Kolter T, Pfeilschifter J, Sandhoff K (2000) Physiology and patho-physiology of sphingolipid metabolism and signaling. Biochem Biophys Acta 1485: 63–99

Jensen-Urstad AP, Semenkovich CF (2012) Fatty acid synthase and liver triglyceride metabolism: houskeeper or messenger. Biochim Biophys Acta 1821: 747–753

Katso R, Okkenhaug K, Ahmadi K, White S, Timms J, Waterfield MD (2001) Cellular function of phosphoinositide 3-kinases: implications for development, immunity, homeostasis, and cancer. Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol 17: 615–675

Kawabata A (2011) Prostaglandin E2 and pain-an update. Biol Pharm Bull 34: 1170–1173

Lass A, Zimmermann R, Oberer M, Zechner R (2011) Lipolysis – a highly regulated multi – enzyme complex mediates the catabolism of cellular fat stores. Progr Lipid Res 50: 14–27

Liu J, Chang CC, Westover EJ, Covey DF, Chang TY (2005) Investigating the allosterism of acyl-CoA: cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT) by using various sterols: in vitro and intact cell studies. Biochem J 391: 389–397

Lodhi IJ, Semenkocich CF (2014) Peroxisomes: A nexus for lipid metabolism and cellular signalling. Cell Metab 19: 380–392

Lowther J, Naismith JH, Dunn TM, Campopiano D (2012) Structural, mechanistic and regulatory studies of serine palmitoyltransferase. Biochem Soc Trans 40: 547–554

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Murakami M (2011) Lipid mediators in life science. Exp Anim 60: 7–20Pieper-Fürst U, Lammert F (2013) Low density lipoprotein receptors in

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Pyne S, Pyne NJ (2000) Sphingosine 1-phosphate signalling in mammalian cells. Biochem J 349: 385–402

Rye KA, Barter PJ (2014) Regulation of high density lipoprotein metabolism. Circ Res 114: 143–156

Segrest JP, Jones MK, De Loof H, Dashti N (2001). Structure of apolipoprotein B-100 in low density lipoproteins. J Lipid Res 42: 1346–1367

von Landenberg P, von Landenberg C, Schölmerich J, Lackner KJ (2001) Antiphospholipid syndrome. Pathogenesis, molecular basis and clinical aspects. Med Klin 96 (6): 331–342

Wang H, Eckel RH (2009) Lipoprotein lipase: from gene to obesity. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 297: E271–E288

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Zechner R, Kienesberger PC, Haemmerle G, Zimmermann R, Lass A (2009) Adipose triglyceride lipase and the lipolytic catabolism of cellular fat stores. J Lipid Res 50: 3–21

Kapitel 26 Prinzipien von Aminosäurestoff-wechsel und Stickstoffumsatz

Bender DA (2012) Amino acid metabolism, 3rd edn. E-book. John Wiley & Sons, New York. Online ISBN: 9781118357514, DOI: 10.1002/9781118357514

Kapitel 27 Funktioneller Aminosäure-stoffwechsel

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Felig P, Marliss E, Pozefsky T, Cahill GF (1970) Amino acid metabolism in the regulation of gluconeogenesis in man. Am J Clin Nutr 23: 986–992

Jungas RL, Halperin ML, Brosnan JT (1992) Quantitative analysis of amino acid oxidation and related gluconeogenesis in humans. Physiol Rev 72: 419–448

Katagiri M, Nakamura M (2003) Reappraisal of the 20th-century version of amino acid metabolism. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 312: 205–208

Reeds PJ (2000) Dispensable and indispensable amino acids for humans. J Nutr 130: 1835S–1840S

Watford (2003) The urea cycle: teaching intermediary metabolism in a physio-logical setting. Biochem Mol Biol Education (BAMBED) 31: 289–297

Wu G (2009) Amino acids: metabolism, functions, and nutrition. Amino Acids 37: 1–17

Kapitel 28 Pathobiochemie des Aminosäure-stoffwechsels

Mak CM, Lee HCH, Chan AYW, Lam CW (2013) Inborn errors of metabolism and expanded newborn screening: review and update. Critical Reviews in Clinical Laboratory Sciences 50: 142–162

Ney DM, Blank RD, Hansen KE (2014) Advances in the nutritional and pharmacological management of phenylketonuria. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 17: 61–68

Kapitel 29 Purinnucleotide – Biosynthese, Wiederverwertung und Abbau,

Kapitel 30 Pyrimidinnucleotide – Biosynthese, Wiederverwertung und Abbau,

Kapitel 31 Pathobiochemie des Purin- und Pyrimidinstoffwechsels

Monographien und LehrbücherBierau J, van Gennip AH (2007) Defekte des Purin- und des Pyrimidinstoff-

wechsels. In: Lentze MJ, Schaub J, Schulter FJ, Spranger J (Hrsg) Pädiatrie. Grundlagen und Praxis. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York, pp 413–416

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Garrett RH, Grisham CM (2010) Biochemistry 4th edn. Brooks Cole, Belmont/CA, USA

Gresser U, Zöllner N (Hrsg) (1991) Urate deposition in man and its clinical consequences. Springer Verlag Berlin Heidelberg New York

Löffler M, Zameitat E (2013) Pyrimidine biosynthesis and degradation (catabolism). In: Lennarz WJ, Lane MD (eds) The encyclopedia of biological chemistry vol 3. Academic Press, Waltham, pp 712–718

Scriver CR et al (Hrsg) (2001) The Metabolic and Molecular Bases of Inherited Disease. Vol II, Part 11 Purines and Pyrimidines. McGraw-Hill, New York, pp 2513–2702

Voet D, Voet JG (2011) Biochemistry 4th edn. Wiley & Sons, New YorkVoet D, Voet JG, Pratt CW (2010) Lehrbuch der Biochemie 2. Aufl. VCH,

WeinheimWehnert M (2000) Störungen des Purin- und Pyrimidinstoffwechsels.

In: Ganten D, Ruckpaul K (Hrsg) Monogen bedingte Erbkrankheiten. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York, pp 278–333

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oxidase in crystalline cores of peroxisomes. A cytochemical and bio-chemical study. Eur J Cell Biol 67: 566–584

Aringer M, Graessler J (2008) Understanding deficient elimination of uric acid. Lancet 372: 1929–1930

Berry CE and Hare JM (2004) Xanthine oxidoreductase and cardiovascular disease: molecular mechanism and pathophysiological implications. J Physiol 555: 589–606

Brodsky G et al (1997) The human GARS-AIRS-GART gene encodes two proteins which are differentially expressed during brain development and temporally overexpressed in cerebellum of individuals with Down syndrome. Hum Mol Gen 6: 2043–2050

Garattini E et al (2003) Mammalian molybdo- flavoenzymes, an expanding family of proteins: structure, genetics, regulation, function and patho-physiology. Biochem J 372: 15–32

Huang A, Holden AM, Raushel FM (2001) Channeling of substrates and inter-mediates in enzyme-catalyzed reactions. Annu Rev Biochem 70: 149–180

Ipata PL, Balestri F (2013) The functional logic of cytosolic-5’-nucleotidases. Curr Med Chem 20: 4205–4216

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Kozhevnikova EN, van der Knaap JA, Pindyurin AV, Ozgur Z, van Ijcken WFJ, Moshkin YM, Verrijzer CP (2012) Metabolic enzyme IMPDH is also a transcription factor regulated by cellular state. Mol Cell 47: 133–139

Lipkowitz MS (2012) Regulation of uric acid excretion by the kidney. Curr Rheumatol Rep 14: 179–188

Nishino T, Okamoto K, Kawaguchi Y, Hori H, Matsumara et al (2005) Mecha-nism of the conversion of xanthine dehydrogenase to xanthine oxidase: identification of the two disulfide bonds and crystal structure of a non-convertible rat liver xanthine dehydrogenase mutant. J Biol Chem 280: 24888–24894

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Smith JL (1998) Glutamine PRPP amidotransferase: snapshots of an enzyme in action. Current Opinion in Structural Biology 8: 686–694

Van der Knaap JA, Kozhevnikova E, Langenberg K, Moshkin YM, Verrijzer CP (2010) Biosynthetic enzyme GMP synthetase cooperates with ubiquitin- specific protease 7 in transcriptional regulation of ecdysteroid target genes. Mol Cell Biol 30: 736–744

Wolan DW, Cheong CG, Greasley SE, Wilson IA (2004) Structural insights into the human and avian IMP cyclohydrolase mechanism via crystal struc-ture with the bound XMP inhibitor. Biochemistry 43: 1171–1183

Zhang Y, Morar M, Ealick SE (2008) Structural biology of the purine bio-synthetic pathway. Cell Mol Life Sci 65: 3699–3724

Zhao A, Tsechansky M, Ellington AD, Marcotte EM (2014) Revisiting and revising the purinosome. Mol Biosyst 10: 369–374

PyrimidinnucleotideArnér ES, Holmgren A (2000) Physiological functions of thioredoxin and

thioredoxin reductase. Eur J Biochem 267: 6102–6109Ben-Sahra I, Howell JJ, Asara JM, Manning BD (2013) Stimulation of de

novopyrimidine synthesis by growth signalling through mTOR and S6K1. Science 339: 1323–1328

Cansev M, Minbay Z, Goren B, Yaylagul EO, Cetinkaya M, Koksal N, Alkan T (2013) Neuroprotective effect of uridine in a rat model of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. Neurosci Lett 542: 65–70

Carreras CW (1995) The catalytic mechanism and structure of thymidylate synthase. Annu Rev Biochem 64: 721–762

Carrey EA (1995) Key enzymes in the biosynthesis of purines and pyrimi-dines: their regulation by allosteric effectors and by phosphorylation. Biochem Soc Transact 23: 899–902

Chu E, Copur SM, Ju J, Chen TM, Khleif S, Voeller DM, Mizunuma N, Patel M, Maley GF, Maley F, Allegra CJ (1999) Thymidylate synthase protein and p53 mRNA form an in vivo ribonucleoprotein complex. Mol Cell Biol 19: 1582–1594

Connolly GP, Duley JA (1999) Uridine and its nucleotides: biological actions, therapeutic potentials. TIBS 20: 218–225

Eriksson M, Uhlin U, Ramswamy S, Ekberg M, Regnström K, Sjöberg Britt-Marie, Eklund H (1997) Binding of allosteric effectors to ribonucleotide reductase protein R1: reduction of active-site cysteines promotes substrate binding. Structure 5: 1077–1092

Eriksson S, Munch-Petersen B, Johansson K, Eklund H (2002) Structure and function of cellular deoxyribonucleoside kinases. Cell Mol Life Sci 59: 1327–1346

Follmann H (2004) Deoxyribonucleotides: the unusual chemistry and biochemistry of DNA precursors. Chem Soc Rev 33: 225–233

Franzolin E, Miazzi C, Frangini M, Palumbo E, Rampazzo C, Bianchi V (2012) The pyrimidine nucleotide carrier PNC1 and mitochondrial trafficking of thymidine phosphates in cultured cells. Exp Cell Res 318: 2226–2236

Gattermann N, Dadak M, Hofhaus G, Wulfert M, Berneburg M, Löffler M, Simmonds HA (2004) Severe impairment of nucleotide synthesis through inhibition of mitochondrial respiration. Nucleosides, Nucleo-tides Nucleic Acids 23: 1275–1279

Graves LM, Guy HI, Kozlowski P, Huang M, Lazarowski E, Pope RM, Collins MA, Dahlstrand EN, Earp HS 3rd, Evans DR (2000) Regulation of carbamoyl phosphate synthetase by MAP kinase. Nature 403: 328–332

Jones ME (1980) Pyrimidine nucleotide biosynthesis in animals: genes, enzymes, and regulation of UMP biosynthesis. Ann Rev Biochem 49: 253–279

Löffler M, Fairbanks L, Zameitat E, Marinaki T, Simmonds A (2005) Pyrimidine pathways in health and disease. Trends Molec Med 11: 430–437

Löffler M, Jöckel J, Schuster G, Becker C (1997) Dihydroorotate-ubiquinone oxidoreductase links mitochondria into the biosynthesis of pyrimidines. Mol Cell Biochem 174: 125–129

Mathews CK, Song S (2007) Maintaining precursor pools for mitochondrial DNA replication. FASEB J21: 2294–2303

Morin A, Fritsch L, Mathieu JRR, Gilbert C, Guarmit B, Firlej V, Gallou-Kabani C, Viellefond A, Delongchamps NB, Cabon F (2012) Identification of CAD as an androgen receptor interactant and an early marker of prostate tumor recurrence. FASEB J 26: 460–467

Nishigaki Y, Marti R, Copeland WC, Hirano M (2013) Site-specific somatic mitochondrial DNA point mutations in patients with thymidine phophorylase deficiency. J Clin Invest 111: 1913–1921

Pizzorno G et al (2002) Homeostatic control of uridine and the role of uridine phosphorylase: a biological and clinical update. Biochem Biophys Acta 1587: 133–144

Robitaille AM, Christen S, Shimobayashi M, Cornu M, Fava LL, Moes S, Prescianotto-Baschong C, Sauer U, Jenoe P, Hall MN (2013) Quantitative phosphoproteomics reveal mTORC1 activates de novo pyrimidine synthesis. Science 339: 1320–1323

Sigoillot FD, Evans DR, Guy HI (2002) Growth dependent regulation of mammalian pyrimidine biosynthesis by the protein kinase A and MAPK signaling cascades. J Biol Chem 277: 15745–15751


Stubbe JA, Riggs-Gelasco P (1998) Harnessing free radicals: formation and function of the tyrosyl radical in ribonucleotide reductase. TIBS 23: 438–443

Willer GB, Lee VM, Gregg RG, Link BA (2005) Analysis of the Zebrafish perplexed mutation reveals tissue-specific roles for de novo pyrimidine synthesis during development. Genetics 170: 1827–1837

Pathobiochemie des Purin- und PyrimidinstoffwechselsAdema AD, Bijnsdorp IV, Sandvold ML, Verheul HM, Peters GJ (2009) Innova-

tions and opportunities to improve conventional (deoxy)nucleoside and fluoropyrimidine analogs in cancer. Current Med Chem 16: 4632–4643

Berry CE and Hare JM (2004) Xanthine oxidoreductase and cardiovascular disease: molecular mechanism and pathophysiological implications. J Physiol 555: 589–606

Brem R, Karran P (2012) Oxidation-mediated DNA cross-linking contributes to the toxicity of 6-thioguanine in human cells. Cancer Res. 72: 4787–4795

Chen Y, Ying M, Chen YS, Minhua H, Lin Y, Den D, L X, Zhnag M, Yun X, Zhou J, He E, Skog S (2010) Serum thymidine kinase 1 correlates to clinical stages and clinical reactions and monitors the outcome of therapy of 1,247 cancer patients in routine clinical settings. Intern J Clin Oncol 15: 359–368

Choi HK, Mount DB, Reginato AM (2005) Pathogenesis of Gout. Ann Intern Med 143: 499–516

Dervieux T, Brenner TL, Hon YY, Zhou Y, Hancock ML, Sandlund JT, Rivera GK, Ribeiro RC, Boyett JM, Pui CH, Relling MV, Evans WV (2002) De novo purine synthesis inhibition and antileukemic effects of mercaptopurine alone or in combination with methotrexate in vivo. Blood 100: 1240–1247

Duley JA, Christodoulou J, de Brouwer APM (2011) The PRPP synthetase spectrum: what does it demonstrate about nucleotide syndromes? Nucleosides, Nucleotides and Nucleic Acids 30: 1129–1139

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Jinnah HA, Harris JC, Nyhan WL, O’Neill JP (2004) The spectrum of mutations causing HPRT deficiency: an update. Nucleosides, Nucleotides and Nucleic Acids 23: 1153–1160

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Kapitel 32 Porphyrine – Synthese und Abbau

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III Zelluläre Kommunikation

Kapitel 33 Prinzipien zellulärer Kommunikation,

Kapitel 34 Mediatoren,

Kapitel 35 Rezeptoren und ihre Signaltransduktion

Monographien und ProceedingsDecker T, Müller M (eds) (2012) Jak-Stat signaling: From basics to disease.

Springer Berlin HeidelbergGomperts BD, Kramer IM, Tatham PER (2009) Signal Transduction, 2. Aufl.

Academic Press, Waltham/MA, USAHancock J (2010) Cell Signalling 3rd edn. Oxford Universtiy Press, OxfordKrauss G (2008) Biochemistry of Signal Transduction and Regulation 4. Aufl.

Wiley-VCH, WeinheimMackiewicz A, Koj A, Sehgal PB (eds) (1995) Interleukin-6-type cytokines.

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, Vol 762, New YorkMarks F, Klingmüller U, Müller-Decker K (2009) Cellular Signal Processing.

Garland Science, New YorkNicholson SE, Nicola NA (eds) (2013) JAK-STAT Signalling, Methods and

Protocols. Methods in Molecular Biology. Humana Press, New York (ISBN 978-1-62703-241-4)

Sehgal PB, Grieninger G, Tosato G (eds) (1989) Regulation of the acute phase and immune responses: Interleukin-6. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, Vol 557, New York

Sehgal PB, Levy DE, Hirano T (eds) (2003) Signal transcducers and activators of transcription (STATs), Activation and Biology. Kluwer Academic Publishers

ÜbersichtsartikelNucleäre RezeptorenBain DL, Heneghan AF, Connaghan-Jones KD, Miura MT (2007) Nuclear

receptor structure: implications for function. Annu Rev Physiol 69: 201–220

Gronemeyer H, Gustafsson JA, Laudet V (2004) Principles for modulation of the nuclear receptor superfamily. Nat Rev Drug Discov 3: 950–964

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Kapitel 36 Insulin – das wichtigste anabole Hormon

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Kapitel 37 Glucagon und Katecholamine – Gegenspieler des Insulins

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Kapitel 39 Hormone des Hypothalamus und der Hypophyse,

Kapitel 40 Steroidhormone – Produkte von Nebennierenrinde und Keimdrüsen,

Kapitel 41 Schilddrüsenhormone – Zentrale Regulatoren von Entwicklung, Wachstum, Grundumsatz, Stoffwechsel und Zelldifferenzierung,

Kapitel 42 Wachstumshormon und Prolactin

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Draper N, Stewart PM (2005) 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase and the pre-receptor regulation of corticosteroid hormone action. J Endocrinol 186 (2): 251–271

Dungan HM, Clifton DK, Steiner A (2006) Minireview: kisspeptin neurons as central processors in the regulation of gonadotropin-releasing hormone secretion. Endocrinology 147 (3): 1154–1158

Dusso AS, Brown AJ, Slatopolsky E (2005) Vitamin D. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 289 (1) F8–28

Ebling FJ (2005) The neuroendocrine timing of puberty. Reproduction 129 (6): 675–683

Fukuhara M, Matsuda M, Nishizawa M, Segawa K, Tanaka M, Kishimoto K, Matsuki Y, Murakami M, Ichisaka T, Murakami H, Watanabe E, Takagi T, Akiyoshi M, Ohtsubo T, Kihara S, Yamashita S, Makishima M, Funahashi T, Yamanaka S, Hiramatsu R, Matsuzawa Y, Shimomura I (2005) Visfatin: a protein secreted by visceral fat that mimics the effects of insulin. Science 307 (5708): 426–430

Ganten D, Ruckpaul K, Köhrle J (Hrsg) (2006) Molekularmedizinische Grund-lagen von para- und autokrinen Regulationsstörungen. Springer, Berlin

Grüters A, Krude H, Biebermann H (2004) Molecular genetic defects in congenital hypothyroidism. Eur J Endocrinol 151 (Suppl 3): U39–U44

Guevara-Aguirre J et al (2011) Growth hormone receptor deficiency is asso ciated with a major reduction in pro-aging signaling, cancer, and diabetes in humans. Sci Transl Med 3(70): 70

Guillemin R (2005) Hypothalamic hormones a.k.a. hypothalamic releasing factors. J Endocrinol 184 (1): 11–28

Hammes A, Andreassen TK, Spoelgen R, Raila J, Hubner N, Schulz H, Metzger J, Schweigert FJ, Luppa PB, Nykjaer A, Willnow TE (2005) Role of endocytosis in cellular uptake of sex steroids. Cell 122 (5): 751–762

Jansen J, Friesema EC, Milici C, Visser TJ (2005) Thyroid hormone transporters in health and disease. Thyroid 15 (8): 757–768

Köhrle J, Jakob F, Contempré B, Dumont JE (2005) Selenium, the thyroid, and the endocrine system. Endocr Rev 26 (7): 944–984

Kurosu H, Yamamoto M, Clark JD, Pastor JV, Nandi A, Gurnani P, McGuinness OP, Chikuda H, Yamaguchi M, Kawaguchi H, Shimomura I, Takayama Y, Herz J, Kahn CR, Rosenblatt KP, Kuro-o M (2005) Suppression of aging in mice by the hormone Klotho. Science 309 (5742): 1829–1833

Labrie F, Luu-The V, Belanger A, Lin SX, Simard J, Pelletier G, Labrie C (2005) Is dehydroepiandrosterone a hormone? J Endocrinol 187 (2): 169–196

Meschede D, Behre HM, Nieschlag E, Horst J (1994) »Das Kallmann Syndrom. Seine Pathophysiologie und klinisches Bild.« Dtsch Med Wochenschr. Oct 21, 119 (42): 1436–1442

Miller WL (2007) StAR Search – What we know about how the steroidogenic acute regulatory protein mediates mitochondrial cholesterol import. Mol Endocr 21: 589–601

Muff R, Born W, Lutz TA, Fischer JA (2004) Biological importance of the peptides of the calcitonin family as revealed by disruption and transfer of corresponding genes. Peptides 25 (11): 2027–2038

Mullis PE (2005) Genetic control of growth. Eur J Endocrinol 152 (1): 11–31O’Rahilly S, Farooqi IS, Yeo GS, Challis BG (2003) Minireview: human obesity-

lessons from monogenic disorders. Endocrinology 144 (9): 3757–3764Park SY, Jameson JL (2005) Minireview: transcriptional regulation of gonadal

development and differentiation. Endocrinology 146 (3): 1035–1042Payne AH, Hales DB (2004) Overview of Steroidogenic Enzymes in the

Pathway from Cholesterol to Active Steroid Hormones. Endocr Rev 25 (6): 947–970

Potter LR, Abbey-Hosch S, Dickey DM (2006) Natriuretic peptides, their receptors, and cyclic guanosine monophosphate-dependent signaling functions. Endocr Rev 27 (1): 47–72

Richter-Appelt H (2007) »Intersexualität.« Bundesgesundheitsblatt – Gesund-heitsforschung – Gesundheitsschutz, Vol 50, Issue 1, S 52–61

Santisteban P, Bernal J (2005) Thyroid development and effect on the nervous system. Rev Endocr Metab Disord 6 (3): 217–228

Schänzer W, Thevis M (2007) »Doping im Sport«. Med Klin (Munich) Aug 15, 102(8): 631–646

Smith RG, Jiang H, Sun Y (2005) Developments in ghrelin biology and potential clinical relevance. Trends Endocrinol Metab 16 (9): 436–442

Stocco DM, Wang XJ, Jo Y, Manna PR (2005) Multiple signalling pathways regulating steroidogenesis and steroidogenic acute regulatory protein expression: more complicated than we thought. Mol Endocr 19: 2647–2659

Zhu X, Lin CR, Prefontaine GG, Tollkuhn J, Rosenfeld MG (2005) Genetic control of pituitary development and hypopituitarism. Current Opinion in Genetics & Development 15 (3): 332–340

Klassische endokrine PublikationenAschheim S, Zondek B (1928) »Schwanderschaftsdiagnostik aus Urin (durch

Hormonmessung)«. Klinische Wochenschrift 7 (1): 8–9Berthold AA (1849) Transplantation der Hoden. Arch Anat Physiol Wiss Med

16: 42–46Scharrer B, Scharrer E (1937) Über Drüsen-Nervenzellen und neurosekre-

torische Organe bei Wirbeltieren und Wirbellosen. Biol Rev 12: 185–216

Starling EH (1905) On the chemical correlation of the functions of the body. Lancet 166: 339–341

Tata JR (2005) One hundred years of hormones. EMBO Rep 6 (6): 490–496Zondek B, Aschheim S (1928) »Das Hormon des Hypophysenvorderlappens.

Isolierung, chemische Eigenschaften, biologische Wirkungen«. Klinische Wochenschrift 7 (18): 831–835

Endokrin relevante WeblinksAlles über die Schilddrüsenhormonachse: http: //www.thyroidmanager.org/Endokrines Web-Textbuch, umfassend und laufend aktualisiert:

http: //www.endotext.org/Laufend aktualisiertes Lehrbuch Endokrinologie: http: //www.emedicine.

com/med/Endocrinology.htm


IV Molekularbiologie

Kapitel 43 Zellzyklus – Koordination der Zellteilung

Bublil EM, Yarden Y (2007) The EGF receptor family: spearheading a merger of signaling and therapeutics. Curr Opin Cell Biol 19: 124–134

Clarke PR, Allan LA (2009) Cell-cycle control in the face of damage – a mat-ter of life or death. Trends Cell Biol 19: 89–98

Hutchins JRA, Clarke PR (2004) Many Fingers on the Mitotic Trigger: Post- Translational Regulation of the Cdc25C Phosphatase. Cell-Cycle 3: 41–45

Lim S, Kaldis P (2013) Cdks, cyclins and CKIs: roles beyond cell cycle regula-tion. Deelopment 140: 518–528

Lukas J, Lukas C, Bartek J (2004) Mammalian cell cycle checkpoints: signal-ling pathways and their organization in space and time. DNA repair 3: 997–1007

Ma HT, Poon RY (2011) Synchronization of HeLa cells. Methods Mol Biol 761: 151–161

Malumbres M (2011) Physiological relevance of cell cycle kinases. Physiol Rev 91: 973–1007

Morgan DO (2007) The Cell Cylce: Principles of Control. New Science Press, London

Murray AW (2004) Recycling the cell cycle: cyclin revisited. Cell 116: 221–234Novak B, Kapuy O, Domingo-Sananes MR, Tyson JJ (2010) Regulated protein

kinases and phosphatases in cell cycle decisions. Curr Opin Cell Biol 22: 801–808

Roovers K, Assoian RK (2000) Integration the MAP kinase signal into the G1 phase cell cycle machinery. BioEssays 22: 818–826

Stein GS, Pardee AB (2004) Cell Cycle and Growth Control. Biomolecular Regulation and cancer, 2nd edn. Wiley, New York

Verschuren EW, Jones N, Evan GI (2004) The cell cycle and how it is steered by Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus cyclin. J Gen Virol 85: 1347–1361

Vidal A, Koff A (2000) Cell-cycle inhibitors: three families united by a common sense. Gene 247: 1–15

Wilkinson MG, Millar JBA (2000) Control of the eukaryotic cell cycle by MAP kinase signaling pathways. FASEB J 14: 2147–2157

Kapitel 44 Replikation – Die Verdopplung der DNA

MonographienDePamphilis ML, Bell S, Mechali M (2012). DNA replication. Cold Spring

Harbor Lab Press, Cold Spring HarborKornberg A, Baker T (1992) DNA Replication. Freemann, Gumbrills, MD, USA

ÜbersichtsarbeitenAllgemeine ÜbersichtsarbeitenGriffith JD (2013) Many ways to loop DNA. J Biol Chem 288: 29724–29735Hubscher U, Maga G, Spadari S (2002) Eukaryotic DNA polymerases. Annu

Rev Biochem 71: 133–163Kaguni JM (2011) Replication initiation at the Escherichia coli chromosomal

origin. Curr Opin Chem Biol 15: 606–613Masai H, Matsumoto S, You Z et al (2010) Eukaryotic chromosome DNA

replication: where, when, and how? Annu Rev Biochem 79: 89–130McHenry CS (2011) DNA replicases from a bacterial perspective. Ann Rev

Biochem 80: 403–436Mendez J, Stillman B (2003) Perpetuating the double helix: molecular

machines at eukaryotic DNA replication origins. Bioassays 25: 1158–1167Steitz TA (1998) A mechanism for all polymerases. Nature 391: 231–232Stillman B (2005) Origin recognition and the chromosome cycle. FEBS Lett

579: 877–884

Spezielle ÜbersichtsarbeitenBlackburn EH, Collins K (2011) Telomerase: An RNP enzyme synthesizes

DNA. Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives Biology 3: a003558Bloom LB (2006) Dynamics of loading the Escherichia coli DNA polymerase

processivity clamp. Crit Rev Biochem Mol Biol 41: 179–208Brautigam CA, Steitz TA (1998) Structural and functional insights provided by

crystal structures of DNA polymerases and their substrate complexes. Curr Opin Struct Biol 8: 54–63

Duderstadt KE, Berger JM (2008) AAA+ ATPases in the initiation of DNA replication. Crit Rev Biochem Mol Biol 43: 163–187

Heller RC, Marians KJ (2006) Replisome assembly and the direct restart of stalled replication forks. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 7: 932–943

Indiani C, O’Donnell M (2006) The replication clamp-loading machine at work in the three domains of life. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 7: 751–761

Kunkel TA, Burgers PM (2008) Dividing the workload at a eukaryotic replica-tion fork. Trends Cell Biol 18: 521–527

Lovett ST (2007) Polymerase switching in DNA replication. Mol Cell 27: 523–526

Mott ML, Berger JM (2007) DNA replication initiation: mechanisms and regulation in bacteria. Nat Rev Microbiol 5: 343–354

O’Donnell M, Kuriyan J (2006) Clamp loaders and replication initiation. Curr Opin Struct Biol 16: 35–41

Remus D, Diffley JF (2009) Eukaryotic DNA replication control: lock and load, then fire. Curr Opin Cell Biol 21: 771–777

Vos SM, Tretter EM, Schmidt BH, Berger JM (2011) All tangled up: How cells direct, manage and exploit topoisomerase function. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 12: 827–841

OriginalarbeitenGreider CW, Blackburn EH (1985) Identification of a specific telomere terminal

transferase activity in tetrahymena extracts. Cell 43: 405–413Kim NW, Piatyszek MA, Prowse KR, Harley CB, West MD, Ho PLC, Coviello GM,

Wright WE, Weinrich SL, Shay JW (1994) Specific association of human telomerase activity with immortal cells and cancer. Science 266: 2011–2015

Meselson M, Stahl FW (1958) The replication of DNA in Escherichia coli. Proc Natl Acad Sci 44: 671–682

Stauffer ME, Chazin WJ (2004) Structural mechanisms of DNA replication, repair and recombination. J Biol Chem 279: 30915–30918




Gumbrills, MD, USALewin B (2013) Genes XI. Jones & Bartlett, Sudbury/MA, USALodish H, Berk A, Kaiser C, Krieger M, Scott M, Bretscher A, Ploegh H,


Müller-Esterl W (2011) Biochemie 2nd edn. Spektrum, HeidelbergNelson DL, Cox MM (2013) Lehninger Principles of Biochemistry, 6th edn.




Kapitel 45 DNA-Mutationen und ihre Reparatur

MonographienFriedberg EC, Walker GC, Siede W, Wood RD, Schultz RA, Ellenberger T

(2005) DNA repair and mutagenesis. ASM Press, WashingtonFriedberg EC, Elledge SJ, Lehmann AR, Lindahl T, Muzi-Falconi M (eds) (2013)

DNA Repair, Mutagenesis, and Other Responses to DNA Damage: Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press

ÜbersichtsarbeitenAllgemeine ÜbersichtsarbeitenDutertre M, Lambert S, Carreira A, Amor-Guéret M, Vagner S (2014) DNA

damage: RNA-binding proteins protect from near and far.Trends Biochem Sci 39: 141–149

Friedberg EC (2003) DNA damage and repair. Nature 421: 436–440Schwartz M, Hakim O (2014) 3D view of chromosomes, DNA damage, and

translocations. Curr Opin Genet Dev 25C: 118–125Stauffer ME, Chazin WJ (2004) Structural mechanisms of DNA replication,

repair and recombination. J Biol Chem 279: 30915–30918

Spezielle ÜbersichtsarbeitenKunkel TA, Erie DA (2005) DNA mismatch repair. Annu Rev Biochem 74:

681–710Schlacher K, Goodman MF (2007) Lessons from 50 years of SOS DNA-

damage-induced mutagenesis. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 8: 587–594Sekiguchi JM, Ferguson DO (2006) DNA double-strand break repair: a relent-

less hunt uncovers new prey. Cell 124: 260–262Wilson DM 3rd, Bohr VA (2007) The mechanics of base excision repair, and its

relationship to aging and disease. DNA Repair 16: 544–559

OriginalarbeitenDrapkin R, Reardon JT, Ansari A et al (1994) Dual role of TFIIH in DNA excision

repair and in transcription by RNA polymerase II. Nature 368: 769–772Howard-Flanders P, Boyce RP (1966) DNA repair and genetic recombination:

studies on mutants of Escherichia coli defective in these processes. Radiation Res 6: 166–176

Verhoeven EE, Wyman C, Moolenaar GF, Goosen N (2002) The presence of two UvrB subunits in the UvrAB complex ensures damage detection in both DNA strands. EMBO J 21: 4196–4205

Webster MP, Jukes R, Zamfir VS, Kay CW, Bagneris C, Barrett T (2012) Crystal structure of the UvrB dimer: Insights into the nature and functioning of the UvrAB damage engagement and UvrB-DNA complexes. Nucleic Acid Res 40: 8743–8758




Gumbrills, MD, USALewin B (2013) Genes XI. Jones & Bartlett, Sudbury/MA, USALodish H, Berk A, Kaiser C, Krieger M, Scott M, Bretscher A, Ploegh H,



Müller-Esterl W (2011) Biochemie, 2nd edn. Spektrum, HeidelbergNelson DL, Cox MM (2013) Lehninger Principles of Biochemistry, 6th edn.



Kapitel 46 Transkription und Prozessierung der RNA,Kapitel 47 Regulation der Transkription – Aktivierung und Inaktivierung der Genexpression

MonographienCarey MF, Peterson CL, Smale ST (2009) Transcriptional Regulation in

Eukaryotes: Concepts, Strategies, and Techniques, 2nd edn. Cold Spring Harbour Press

Chakalova L, Fraser P (2010) Organization of Transcription. Cold Spring Harbour Persp Biol 2: a000729

Übersichtsarbeiten und OriginalarbeitenAnamika K, Gyenis A, Tora L (2013) How to stop: The mysterious links

among RNA polymerase II occupancy 3’ of genes, mRNA 3’ processing and termination. Transcription 4: 7–12

Berretta J, Morillon A (2010) Pervasive transcription constitutes a new level of eukaryotic genome regulation. EMBO Rep 10: 973–982

Black DL (2003) Mechanisms of alternative pre-messenger RNA splicing. Ann Rev Biochem 72: 291–336

Bottomley MJ (2004) Structures of protein domains that create or recognize histone modifications. EMBO rep5: 464–469

Chen M, Manley JL (2009) Mechanisms of alternative splicing regulation: insights from molecular and genomics approaches. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 10: 741–754

Chen W, Moore MJ (2014) The spliceosome: disorder and dynamics defined. Curr Op Str Biol 24: 141–149

Cullen BR (2003) Nuclear RNA export. J Cell Sci 116: 587–597Darnell JE (2013) Reflections on the history of pre-mRNA processing and

highlights of current knowledge: a unified picture. RNA 19: 443–460Ebright RH (2000) RNA polymerase: structural similarities between bacterial

RNA polymerase and eukaryotic RNA polymerase II. J Mol Biol 304: 687–698

Egloff S, Murphy S (2008) Cracking the RNA polymerase II CTD code. Trends Genet 24: 280–288

Fabian MR, Sonenberg N, Filipowicz W (2010) Regulation of mRNA transla-tion and stability by microRNAs. Annu Rev Biochem 79: 351–379

Formosa T (2013) The role of FACT in making and breaking nucleosomes. Biochim Biophys Acta 1819: 247–255

Heyd F, Lynch KW (2011) Degrade, move, regroup: signaling control of splicing proteins. Trends Biochem Sci 36: 397–404

Ho L, Crabtree GR (2010) Chromatin remodelling during development. Nature 463: 474–484

Hoskins AA, Moore MJ (2012) The spliceosome: a flexible, reversible macro-molecular machine. Trends Biochem Sci 37: 179–188

Juven-Gershon T, Hsu JY, Theisen JW, Kadonaga JT (2008) The RNA poly-merase II core promoter – the gateway to transcription. Curr Opin Cell Biol 20: 253–259

Kalsotra A, Cooper TA (2011) Functional consequences of developmentally regulated alternative splicing. Nat Rev Genet 12: 715–729

Kelly SM, Corbett AH (2009) Messenger RNA export from the nucleus: a series of molecular wardrobe changes. Traffic 10: 1199–1208

Koch F, Jourquin F, Ferrier P, Andrau JC (2008) Genome-wide RNA poly-merase II: not genes only! Trends Biochem Sci 33: 265–273

Kornberg RD (2007) The molecular basis of eukaryotic transcription. Cell Death Differ 14: 1989–1997

Kornblihtt AR, Schor IE, Alló M, Dujardin G, Petrillo E, Muñoz MJ (2013) Alternative splicing: a pivotal step between eukaryotic transcription and translation. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 14: 153–165

Krishnamurthy S, Hampsey M (2009) Eukaryotic transcription initiation. Curr Biol 19: R153–156

Kruger K, Grabowski PJ, Zaug AJ, Sands J, Gottschling DE, Cech TR (1982) Self-splicing RNA: autoexcision and autocyclization of the ribosomal RNA intervening sequence of Tetrahymena. Cell 31: 147–157


Li B, Carey M, Workman JL (2007) The role of chromatin during transcription. Cell 128: 707–719

Liu X, Wang L, Zhao K, Thompson PR, Hwang Y, Marmorstein R, Cole PA (2008) The structural basis of protein acetylation by the p300/CBP transcriptional coactivator. Nature 451: 846–850

Luger K, Mäder AW, Richmond RK, Sargent DF, Richmond TJ (1997) Crystal structure of the nucleosome core particle at 2.8 A resolution. Nature 389: 251–260

Malik S, Roeder RG (2005) Dynamic regulation of pol II transcription by the mammalian Mediator complex.Trends Biochem Sci 30: 256–263

Matera AG, Wang Z (2014) A day in the life of the spliceosome. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 15: 108–121

Meinhart A, Kamenski T, Hoeppner S, Baumli S, Cramer P (2005) A structural perspective of CTD function. Genes and Development 19: 1401–1415

Mello CC, Conte D Jr. (2004) Revealing the world of RNA interference. Nature 431: 338–342

Muñoz MJ, de la Mata M, Kornblihtt AR (2010) The carboxy terminal domain of RNA polymerase II and alternative splicing. Trends Biochem Sci 35: 497–504

Padgett RA (2012) New connections between splicing and human disease. Trends Genet 28: 147–154

Panne D (2008) The enhanceosome. Curr Opin Struct Biol 18: 236–242Parker R, Song H (2004) The enzymes and control of eukaryotic mRNA

turnover. Nat Struct Mol Biol 11: 121–127Perales R and Bentley D (2009) »Cotranscriptionality«: the transcription

elongation complex as a nexus for nuclear transactions. Moll Cell 36: 178–191

Peters JM, Vangeloff AD, Landick R (2011) Bacterial transcription terminators: the RNA 3’-end chronicles. J Mol Biol 412: 793–813

Petesch SJ, Lis JT (2012) Overcoming the nucleosome barrier during transcript elongation. Trends Genet 28: 285–294

Selth LA, Sigurdsson S, Svejstrup JQ (2010) Transcript Elongation by RNA Polymerase II. Annu Rev Biochem 79: 271–293

Semlow DR, Staley JP (2012) Staying on message: ensuring fidelity in pre-mRNA splicing. Trends Biochem Sci 37: 263–273

Sharp PA (2005) The discovery of split genes and RNA splicing. Trends Biochem Sci 30: 279–281

Shim J, Karin M (2002) The Control of mRNA Stability in Response to Extra-cellular Stimuli. Mol Cells 14: 323–331

Sikorski TW, Buratowski S (2009) The basal initiation machinery: beyond the general transcription factors. Curr Opin Cell Biol 21: 344–351

Temin HM (1976) The DNA provirus hypothesis. Science 192: 1075–1080Thiel G, Lietz M, Hohl M (2004) How mammalian transcriptional repressors

work. Eur J Biochem 271: 2855–2862Valencia-Sanchez MA, Liu J, Hannon GJ, Parker R (2006) Control of trans-

lation and mRNA degradation by miRNAs and siRNAs. Genes & Dev 20: 515–524

Vannini A, Cramer P (2012) Conservation between RNA polymerase I, II and III transcription initiation machineries. Mol Cell 45: 439–446

Wahl MC, Will CL, Lührmann R (2009) The spliceosome: design principles of a dynamic RNP machine. Cell 136: 701–718

Weake VM, Workman JL (2010) Inducible gene expressions: diverse regula-tory mechanisms. Nature Rev Genet 11: 426–437

Zhou Q, Li T, Price DH (2012) RNA polymerase II elongation control. Annu Rev Biochem 81: 119–143

LehrbücherAlberts B, Johnson A, Lewis J, Raff M, Roberts K, Walter P (2008) Molecular

Biology of the Cell, 5th edn. Garland Science, New YorkLodish H, Berk A, Kaiser C, Krieger M, Scott M, Bretscher A, Ploegh H,



Nelson DL, Cox MM (2013) Lehninger Principles of Biochemistry, 6th edn. Macmillan, London


Watson JD, Baker TA, Bell SP, Gann A, Levine M, Losick R (2011) Molekular-biologie, 7. Aufl. Pearson Studium, Hallbergmoos

Kapitel 48 Translation – Synthese von Proteinen

Allmang C, Wurth L, Krol A (2009) The selenium to selenoprotein pathway in eukaryotes: More molecular partners than anticipated. BBA General Subjects 1790: 1415–1423

Anderson P, Kedersha N (2006) RNA granules. JCB 172: 803–808Chen JJ (2007) Regulation of Protein synthesis by the heme-regulated eIF2a

kinase: relevance to anemias. Blood 109: 2693–2699Dumitrescu AM, Liao X-H, Abdullah MSY, Lado-Abeal J, Majed FA, Möller LC,

Boran G, Schomburg L, Weiss RE, Refetoff S (2005) Mutations in SECISBP2 result in abnormal thyroid hormone metabolism. Nature Genetics 37: 1247–1252

Filbin ME, Kieft JS (2009) Toward a structural understanding of IRES RNA function. Current Opinion in Structural Biology 19: 267–276

Francklyn CS (2008) DNA Polymerases and Aminoacyl-tRNA Synthetases: Shared Mechanisms for Ensuring the Fidelity of Gene Expression. Biochemistry 47: 11695–11703

Lomakin IB, Steitz TA (2013) The initiation of mammalian protein synthesis and mRNA scanning mechanism. Nature 500: 307–311

Ma XM, Blenis J (2009) Molecular mechanisms of mTOR-mediated transla-tional control. Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology 10: 307–318

Marintchev A, Edmonds KA, Marintcheva B, Hendrickson E, Oberer M, Suzuki CH, Herdy B, Sonenberg N, Wagner G (2009) Topology and Regulation of the Human eIF4A/4G/4H Helicase Complex in Translation Initiation. Cell 136: 447–460

Nissen P, Ippolito JA, Ban N, Moore PB, Steitz TA (2001) RNA tertiary interactions in the large ribosomal subunit: The A-minor motif. PNAS 98: 4899–4903

Noller HF, Yusupov MM, Yusupova GZ, Baucom A, Cate JH (2002) Transloca-tion of tRNA during protein synthesis. FEBS Lett 514: 11–16

Rodnina, MV (2013) Translocation in action. Science 340: 1534–1535Rodnina MV, Wintermeyer W (2009) Recent mechanistic insights into

eukaryotic ribosomes. Current Opinion in Cell Biology 21: 435–443Schmeing TM, Ramakrishnan V (2009) What recent ribosome structures

have revealed about the mechanism of translation. Nature 461: 1234–1242

Schuwirth BS, Borovinskaya MA, Hau CW, Zhang W, Vila-Sanjurjo A, Holton JM, Cate JHD (2005) Structures of the Bacterial Ribosome at 3.5 A Resolution. Science 310: 827–834

Selmer M, Dunham CM, Murphy IV FV, Weixlbaumer A, Petry S, Kelley AC, Weir JR, Ramakrishnan V (2006) Structure of the 70S Ribosome Com-plexed with mRNA and tRNA. Science 313: 1935–1942

Sonenberg N, Hinnebusch AG (2009) Regulation of Translation Initiation in Eukaryotes: Mechanisms and Biological Targets. Cell 136: 731–745

Spahn CMT, Prescott CD (1996) Throwing a spanner in the works: antibiotics and the translation apparatus. Journal Molecular Medicine 74: 423–439

Tenson T, Mankin A (2006) Antibiotics and the ribosome. Molecular Microbiology 59: 1664–1677

Wilson DN (2014) Ribosome-targeting antibiotics and mechanisms of bacterial resistance. Nature Rev Microbiol 12: 35–48

Yusupov MM, Yusupova GZ, Baucom A, Lieberman K, Earnest TN, Cate JHD, Noller HF (2001) Crystal Structure of the Ribosome at 5.5 A Resolution. Science 292: 883–896


Kapitel 49 Proteine – Transport, Modifikation und Faltung

Chachinska A, Köhler CM, Milenkovic D, Lithgow T, Pfanner N (2009) Importing Mitochondrial Proteins: Machineries and Mechanisms. Cell 138: 628–644

Chung H-C, Tang Y-C, Hayer-Hartl M, Hartl FU (2007) SnapShot: Molecular Chaperones, Part I. Cell 128: 212

Cross BCS, Sinning I, Luirink J, High S (2009) Delivering proteins for export from the cytosol. Molecular Cell Biology 10: 255–264

Girzalsky W, Saffian D, Erdmann R (2010) Peroxisomal protein translocation. BBA Molecular Cell Research 1803: 724–731

Göthel SF, Marahie MA (1999) Peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerases, a super-family of ubiquitous folding catalysts. CMLS 55: 423–436

Griffin M, Casadio R, Bergamini CM (2002) Transglutaminases: Nature’s biological glues. Biochemical Journal 368: 377–396

Hicke L, Schubert HL, Hill CP (2005) Ubiquitin-binding domains. Nature reviews molecular cell biology 6: 610–621

Kerscher O, Felberbaum R, Hochstrasser M (2006) Modification of Proteins by Ubiquitin-Like Proteins. Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol 22: 159–180

Lu KP, Finn G, Lee TH, Nicholson LK (2007) Prolyl cis-trans isomerization as a molecular timer. Nature Chemical Biology 3: 619–629

Pearl LH, Prodromou C (2006) Structure and Mechanism of the Hsp90 Molecular Chaperone Machinery. Annu Rev Biochem 75: 271–294

Rabu C, Schmid V, Schwappach B, High S (2009) Biogenesis of tail-anchored proteins: the beginning for the end? Journal of Cell Science 122: 3605–3612

Rutkowski DT, Kaufman RJ (2004) A trip to the ER: coping with stress. Trends in Cell Biology 14: 20–28

Tang YC, Chang HC, Hayer-Hartl M, Hartl FU (2007) Molecular Chaperones, Part II. Cell 128: 412

Tu BP, Weissman JS (2004) Oxidative protein folding in eukaryotes: mecha-nisms and consequences. Journal of Cell Biology 164: 341–346

Van den Berg B, Clemons Jr WM, Collinson I, Modis Y, Hartmann E, Harrison SC, Rapoport TA (2005) X-ray structure of a protein-conducting channel. Nature 427: 36–44

Zimmermann R (2009) Protein Transport into the Endoplasmic Reticulum. Landes Bioscience Austin

Kapitel 50 Proteine – Mechanismen ihres Abbaus

Amm I, Sommer T, Wolf DH (2014) Protein quality control and elimination of protein waste: the role of the ubiquitin-proteasome system. BBA Mol Cell Res 1843: 182–196

Kon M, Cuervo AM (2010) Chaperone-mediated autophagy in health and disease. FEBS Letters 584: 1399–1404

Martinez-Vincente M, Cuervo AM (2007) Autophagy and neurodegeneration: when the cleaning crew goes on strike. Lancet Neurol 6: 352–361

Mogk A, Schmidt R, Bukau B (2007) The N-end rule pathway for regulated proteolysis: prokaryotic and eukaryotic strategies. Trends in Cell Biology 17: 165–172

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Kapitel 51 Apoptose – Der programmierte Zelltod

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Kapitel 52 Grundlagen der Tumorentstehung

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Kapitel 53 Spezifische Tumore – Entstehung, Progression und Therapie

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Kapitel 54 Gentechnik,

Kapitel 55 Gentechnik in höheren Organismen – Transgene Tiere und Gentherapie

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Kapitel 56 Energiebilanz und Ernährungszustand

BücherFrayn K (2011) Metabolic Regulation: A Human Perspective, 3. Aufl. Wiley &

Sons, New York

Review-ArtikelAzevedo FR, Ikeoka D, Caramelli B (2013) Effects of intermittent fasting

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and environmental sensor for metabolic adaptation. Adv Nutr 4(4): 439–452

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Kapitel 57 Makronährstoffe und ihre Bedeutung

BücherBiesalski HK (2010) Ernährungsmedizin: Nach dem Curriculum Ernährungs-

medizin der Bundesärztekammer und der DGE, 4. vollst. Überarb. und erw. Aufl. Thieme, Stuttgart

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Müller MJ, Boeing H, Bosy-Westphal A, Löser C, Przyrembel H, Selberg O, Weinmann A, Westenhöfer J (2007) Ernährungsmedizinische Praxis: Methoden – Prävention – Behandlung, 2. vollst. neu bearb. Aufl. Springer, Heidelberg

Rehner G, Daniel H (2010) Biochemie der Ernährung, 3. Aufl. Spektrum Akademischer Verlag, Heidelberg

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into ChREBP regulation and function. Trends Endocrinol Metab 24(5): 257–268

Jewell JL, Guan KL (2013) Nutrient signaling to mTOR and cell growth. Trends Biochem Sci 38(5): 233–242

Kim SG, Buel GR, Blenis J (2013) Nutrient regulation of the mTOR complex 1 signaling pathway.

Lizuka K (2013) Recent progress on the role of ChREBP in glucose and lipid metabolism. Endocr J 60(5): 543–555

Mol Cells 35(6): 463–473Poncet N, Taylor PM (2013) The role of amino acid transporters in nutrition.

Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 16(1): 57–65Taylor PM (2014) Role of amino acid transporters in amino acid sensing.

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Kapitel 58 Fettlösliche Vitamine

Aranda A, Pascual A (2001) Nuclear hormone receptors and gene expres-sion. Physiol Rev 81: 1269–1304

Berkner KL (2008) Vitamin K-dependent carboxylation. Vitam Horm 78: 131–156

Brigelius-Flohe R (2009) Vitamin E: the shrew waiting to be tamed. Free Radic Biol Med 46: 543–554

Combs GF Jr (2012). The Vitamins. Fundamental Aspects in Nutrition and Health, 4th edn. Acad. Press, San Diego New York

DeLuca HF (2008) Evolution of our understanding of vitamin D. Nutr Rev 66: S73–S87

Deutsche Gesellschaft für Ernährung, Österreichische Gesellschaft für Ernährung, Schweizerische Gesellschaft für Ernährungsforschung, Schweizerische Vereinigung für Ernährung (1. Aufl. 2000, 5. Korr. Nachdruck 2013) Referenzwerte für die Nährstoffzufuhr. Umschau/Braus, Frankfurt am Main

Kawaguchi R, Yu J, Honda J, Hu J, Whitelegge J, Ping P, Wiita P, Bok D, Sun H (2007) A membrane receptor for retinol binding protein mediates cellular uptake of vitamin A. Science 315: 820–825

Mustacich DJ, Vo AT, Elias VD, Payne K, Sullivan L, Leonard SW, Traber MG (2007) Regulatory mechanisms to control tissue alpha-tocopherol. Free Radic Biol Med 43: 610–618

Reboul E, Borel P (2011) Proteins involved in uptake, intracellular transport and basolateral secretion of fat-soluble vitamins and carotenoids by mammalian enterocytes. Prog Lipid Res 50: 388–402

Kapitel 59 Wasserlösliche Vitamine

Eliot AC, Kirsch JF (2004) Pyridoxal phosphate enzymes: mechanistic, structural, and evolutionary considerations. Annu Rev Biochem 73: 383–415

Hausinger RP (2004) FeII/alpha-ketoglutarate-dependent hydroxylases and related enzymes. Crit Rev Biochem Mol Biol 39: 21–68


Kirkland JB (2009) Niacin status impacts chromatin structure. J Nutr 139: 2397–2401

Lonsdale D (2006) A review of the biochemistry, metabolism and clinical benefits of thiamin(e) and its derivatives. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 3: 49–59

Moestrup SK (2006) New insights into carrier binding and epithelial uptake of the erythropoietic nutrients cobalamin and folate. Curr Opin Hematol 13: 119–123

Surjana D, Halliday GM, Damian DL (2010) Role of nicotinamide in DNA damage, mutagenesis, and DNA repair. J Nucleic Acids, 13 pages, doi: 10.4061/2010/157591

Warren MJ, Raux E, Schubert HL, Escalante-Semerena JC (2002) The biosyn-thesis of adenosylcobalamin (vitamin B12). Nat Prod Rep 19: 390–412

Kapitel 60 Essentielle Spurenelemente

Knutson MD (2007) Steap proteins: implications for iron and copper metabolism. Nutr Rev 65: 335–340

Lutsenko S, LeShane ES, Shinde U (2007) Biochemical basis of regulation of human copper-transporting ATPases. Arch Biochem Biophys 463: 134–148

Muckenthaler MU, Galy B, Hentze MW (2008) Systemic iron homeostasis and the iron-responsive element/iron-regulatory protein (IRE/IRP) regulatory network. Annu Rev Nutr 28: 197–213

Papp LV, Lu J, Holmgren A, Khanna KK (2007) From selenium to seleno-proteins: synthesis, identity, and their role in human health. Antioxid Redox Signal 9: 775–806

Kapitel 61 Gastrointestinaltrakt

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Corfield AP, Myerscough N, Longman R, Sylvester P, Arul S, Pignatelli M (2000) Mucins and mucosal protection in the gastrointestinal tract: new prospects for mucins in the pathology of gastrointestinal disease. Gut 47: 589–594

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Hui DY, Howles PN (2002) Carboxyl ester lipase: structure-function relation-ship and physiological role in lipoprotein metabolism and athero-sclerosis. J Lipid Res 43: 2017–2030

Hussain MM, Shi J, Dreizen P (2003) Microsomal triglyceride transfer protein and its role in apoB-lipoprotein assembly. J Lipid Res 44: 22–32

Johansson ME, Sjövall H, Hansson GC (2013) The gastrointestinal mucus system in health and disease. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 10: 352–361

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Tso P, Nauli A, Lo CM (2004) Enterocyte fatty acid uptake and intestinal fatty acid-binding protein. Biochem Soc Transact 32: 75–78

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Kapitel 62 Leber – Zentrales Stoffwechselorgan

Monographien und LehrbücherArias IM, Boyer JL, Chisari FV, Fausto N, Schachter D, Shafritz DA (eds) (2001)

The Liver: Biology and Pathobiology, 4th edn. Raven Press, New YorkGerok W, Blum H (eds) (1995) Hepatologie, 2. Aufl. Elsevier, AmsterdamGressner AM (1995) In Greiling H, Gressner AM (Hrsg) Lehrbuch der klinischen

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Kapitel 63 Quergestreifte Muskulatur

Bücher und MonographienEngel A, Franzini-Armstrong C (eds) (1994) Myology (2 Bände) 2. Aufl.

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Kapitel 64 Die glatte Muskulatur

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Kapitel 68 Blut – Hämatopoese und Erythrocyten,

Kapitel 69 Blut – Thrombocyten und Leukocyten

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Kapitel 70 Immunologie

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Carding SR, Egan PJ (2002) Gammadelta T cells: functional plasticity and heterogeneity. Nat Rev Immunol 2: 336–345


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Kronenberg M, Rudensky A (2005) Regulation of immunity by self-reactive T cells. Nature 435: 598–604

Kupper TS, Fuhlbrigge RC (2004) Immune surveillance in the skin: mechanisms and clinical consequences. Nat Rev Immunol 4: 211–222

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Kapitel 71 Extrazelluläre Matrix – Struktur und Funktion,

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Kapitel 73 Haut

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Kapitel 74 Nervensystem

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