Kosi Disaster & Rehabilitation policy...
Transcript of Kosi Disaster & Rehabilitation policy...
Government of Bihar
Department of Planning and Development.
Resolution
Subject: Kosi Calamity: Rehabilitation and Reconstruction Policy
1. Kosi is a tributary of river Ganga which flows from Nepal to Bihar, its catchment area
is approximately 69,300 square k.m. in Nepal. It traverses from the west of the Kanchanjanga
Hills of Nepal to Bhimnagar and enters the plains of Bihar. It is a perennial river which had
discharged 9.13 cusec water in the year 1968. The flow of river contains heavy siltation,
resulting in changing the course, during previous centuries, in between Purnia district in the
east and Darbhanga and Mandubani districts in the west. Owing to this, it becomes the cause
of devastation in the whole of the north Bihar. Ultimately in 1955 a decision was taken to
construct a barrage over it to regulate Kosi, which was completed in 1963. Due to the flow of
silt very year in the river Kosi, the bed level of the river has become higher than the level of
land outside the embankment.
2. This year on 18th August, 2008 a breach occurred in the embankment at 12th km.
from Kosi barrage. Widening the breach, the river started flowing in a new course. At that
time, the discharge of water was 1.66 lakh cusec in the new course as against only 25,744
cusec in the usual course. In this new course, the breadth of the river was 15 to 20 km and
length was 150 km from north to south. The damage started occurring in approximately 3,000
sq km area due to this new course of the river. Houses, schools, roads, hospitals all were
damaged due to the flow of the river. The total population of 33,45,545 living in 993 villages
of 412 panchayats of 35 blocks of 5 districts was affected. A total of 3,40,742 houses were
damaged and 7,12,140 animals were affected. A total of 239 humans and 1,232 animals lives
were lost.
3. The rescue and relief work was immediately started by the State government. The
action was taken in a planned manner for the establishment of relief camps, carrying relief
materials to remote areas by helicopter, making the boats available in large numbers,
providing the health facilities in the affected areas and in the camps, etc. Various Non-
Governmental Organisations have praised the Government for executing the relief works on
such a large scale.
4. Although helping hands were extended by the Central Government, the private sector
and the NGOs to the State Government and the relief camps are still running, even through,
when people return to home after this calamity, then the State government will have to help
the affected population for the long term rehabilitation. The people of that area, who
exhibited their courage, resilience and the capability to face the difficult situation, will have
to be assisted in their pursuit of starting a better life.
5. A sudden responsibility has fallen on the State government owning to this calamity
and showing proper sensitivity, the State Government has also prepared a plan as per the
requirements of the rehabilitation. Rehabilitation and Reconstruction plan has to be
implemented with the contributions from own resources, assistance of the Central
government and that of the private sector and NGOs and of course with the people's
participation. Starting a new life, out of this catastrophe will instil a good feeling amongst the
people.
6. Purpose- Kosi Rehabilitation and Reconstruction Project is a comprehensive multi
sectoral Project, whose main purpose is to reconstruct the houses, to provide community
facilities, complete restoration of infrastructure, livelihood support based on the policy of
sustained economy and environment, etc. for the people affected by the calamity.
The main objective of this project shall be
(a) Treating it not merely as a calamity but an opportunity to be utilised in building a
strong social and economic environment.
(b) To undertake social and economic activities for rehabilitation and reconstruction of
public/private assets of the affected areas.
(c) Building, retro fitting, repairing and reconstruction of houses for the people and
public buildings affected by natural calamities through appropriate technology in accordance
with polices of the State government.
(d) Reviving the local economy by providing assistance for agriculture, fisheries, dairy,
industries, small business and handicrafts and restores livelihoods of the people.
(e) Re-building and upgrading the community and social infrastructure, improve
education and health system and empowerment of women and weaker sections of the
population.
(f) Formulation of quality standards and guidelines for infrastructures in affected areas.
(g) Providing helpline to support the people affected by the natural calamity on long term
basis and provides psychological counselling.
(h) Restoring lifeline infrastructure, road network and utility infrastructure like power,
water supply in the affected area.
(i) Supporting gender empowerment through involvement of women in programme
implementation.
(j) Supporting the integrated nutrition and education for children.
(k) Reducing vulnerability through long term mitigation programme.
(l) Developing programmes involving people & representatives of institutions reflecting
the aspiration of the community and also encourages participation of private sector, NGOs &
other institutions.
7. Guiding principles- The main objective of Rehabilitation and Reconstruction
Project, going beyond the priorities of immediate reconstruction, is more centred on the
economic and social aspects such as social development and empowerment. Following
principles shall be kept in view during implementation:
• Affected people and concerned institutions like Panchayati Raj Institutions and urban
local bodies will be included in this new process, and outline of schemes will be prepared
according to their needs and priorities.
• Implementation system based on co-operation and participation shall be made
responsible to strengthen the women groups, non-governmental agencies and Panchayati Raj
Institution. Along with this, the poor section shall be benefited from fairness and
empowerment.
• Making the beneficiaries aware of the new earthquake resistant technology and new
means and process of construction, facilities for construction shall be provided to them as per
their requirements.
• Private Institutions, NGOs and expert Institutions shall be encouraged to participate in
the implementation of Rehabilitation and Reconstruction programme.
• For transparency and responsibility in implementation, a process shall be
institutionalised.
8. There shall be following components of the Project Programme
(a) Housing
(b) Removal of debris and salvage
(c) Construction of temporary shelter
(d) Construction of permanent houses
(e) Repair and reconstruction of public buildings and staff quarters
(f) Generation of livelihood programmes
(g) Infrastructure – physical as well as social
(h) Social and community development
(i) Reconstruction of hospitals/PHCs and Health Sub Centres
(j) Re-construction of Anganwadi centres and ICDS godowns
(k) Reconstruction and repair of Primary and Secondary schools
(l) Repair and reconstruction of Institutions of Higher and Technical Education
(m) Reconstruction of public and private monuments and heritage centres
(n) Panchayat Bhawan, high rise Shelters
9. The following points shall be ensured while implementing.
(a) Quality norms
(b) Involvement of urban local bodies and pahchayati raj institutions
(c) Women's Empowerment.
(d) Social Participation and Provision for social audit.
(e) Hazard-resistant technology
(f) Institutional arrangement for monitoring the progress of implementation.
9. Social Participation
(i) Social participation is the process of strengthening in the Rehabilitation
Programme through which society shall have the opportunity of Rehabilitation and
Reconstruction as per its own wishes and priority. From the view points of fairness and
responsibility, with the social participation, the social and economic benefit of the
programmes shall be available to the weaker sections according to their entitlements.
Implementing agencies could also be made more responsible for improvement in quality of
execution through social participation.
(ii) Adopting the process of implementation of the programmes with social
consultation, the suggestions of all the sections of society would be available for the
programme of Rehabilitation and Reconstruction and the beneficiaries shall have the feeling
of ownership and satisfaction. Therefore, institutional arrangement is needed for social
participation.
(iii) Objective
(a) To ensure the participation of all the sections of society and all the implementing
agencies in the process of preparation of plan, formulation of policy and implementation of
programmes.
(b) In the preparation of the draft for the rehabilitation plan at village level, total
opportunity should be available to all the members of society for the participation in the
process of consultation and the project should of housing and economic and social
rehabilitation reflect their priority.
(c) Rehabilitation Plan should be according to the needs and entitlements of the people,
local conditions and life style.
(d) There is the need for interaction of all groups of people with government and non-
governmental institutions so that; we get the benefit of people's knowledge and expert
opinion.
(e) In the whole project area, the level and quality of social participation should be the
same and of the high order.
10. Participation of Private Sector and Non-governmental Sector
(i) Since the economic development process has been adversely affected due to
calamity, it becomes the responsibility of private and non-governmental sectors that, along
with the government effort, they should take part in reconstruction and rehabilitation
programme. In democratic society, each of three stakeholders - government, market and the
civil society have their own strengths and limitations. There is a scant possibility of success,
if these three organisations operate independently. On the other hand if they act in tandem,
not only the possibility of success will increase, but they shall prove to be more affective.
(ii) Objective
The private sector may supplement the government in its effort in the following
ways:-
(1) To assist in construction of social and economic infrastructure for successfully
tackling the calamity in future.
(2) Implementation of Projects for ensuring effective response in calamity by dovetailing
the development process with disaster management.
(iii) Programme Area
1. To reduce and eradicate the hazards
2. To be prepared to tackle calamity.
3. Immediate response for rescue and relief
(iv) Reconstruction Programme
1. Training and capacity building
2. Research and documentation
3. Implementation of show-piece projects
4. Support campaign for policies
5. Assistance in design and construction to lessen or eradicate the impact of calamity.
6. Assistance in building code and Standard code
7. Land utilization plan
8. Hazard Control
(v) Shortcomings in training and capacity building
(a) Assistance may be extended to all institutions on the basis of their core
competency in the private sector for the following:-
1. Personnel 2. Materials 3. Technology 4. Management 5. Finance
(b) For this, the opportunity shall be given to establish the coordination at district
level and for policy matter interaction networking with State government. Preparation of
project and its implementation by private institutions may be done independently or in
combination.
(c) The beneficiaries may be assisted to have technical assistance or technical
information to prepare in a better manner to face the disaster. The private sector and NGOs
may make substantial contribution for the preparation of research and documentation,
arrangement of think tank, comprehensive action plan, etc., to lessen the effect of calamity.
(d) Reconstruction of public assets shall be done by the government itself, but the
private sector and NGOs may give their assistance in the construction of new community
assets like- community hall, high rise evacuation centres, panchayat bhawans, establishment
of internal communication and other common facilities at village level. If any private sector
institution or NGOs wants to undertake all infrastructures, construction of residential houses
etc., on the basis of floods and designs resistant to earthquake for the whole village or
habitation, they may be allotted the land by the district administration. For this purpose, the
list of beneficiaries shall be made available by the district administration. The inspection and
monitoring of the execution by the private sector and the NGOs may be done by the
monitoring committee constituted at the district level.
11. Financing-The total of 14,808.59 crore rupees has been estimated for Kosi
rehabilitation and reconstruction project. Other than calamity relief fund, the components of
this project may be executed under various central sector schemes and state plan. The action
may be taken to arrange the multilateral funding for the balance. In addition some
components of the programmes may be executed with the assistance of private sector and
NGOs.
12. Implementation strategy-Implementation strategy shall be formulated by the
government as per the above mentioned guiding principles. Safety measures of earthquake
and keeping in view the need for immediate reconstruction, social participation may also be
included in this strategy. The following are the main components of this project.
1. Assessment of damage –A comprehensive assessment of damage to buildings, public
assets and infrastructure due to Kosi calamity shall be done by the government. On the basis
of this, the assessment of the need of the rehabilitation and the adoption of engineering and
construction strategy shall be finalised. At the village level rehabilitation and reconstruction
plan shall be prepared after the assessment by separate teams. In this process, apart from
government servants, NGOs shall also be included.
2. Public Private Partnership– Keeping in view the challenges of quick reconstruction,
the government considers the necessity of engaging the important institutions of civil society
in the preparation and implementation of reconstruction plan on the basis of trust, reciprocity
and mutuality. For this purpose, necessary guidelines shall be issued.
3. Reconstruction of private houses-The policy of build better shall be adopted
keeping in view the characteristics of the Kosi area. Reconstruction of private houses shall be
beneficiary driven. Land shall be acquired to settle the families of SC and ST having no
homestead land. The size of the programmes for social and mental development shall depend
on the status of local knowledge and capacity. The arrangements shall also be made for skill
development.
4. Technique of social participation system- Government considers the need of the
participation of society for reconstruction in rural and urban areas with both in formal and
informal manner. For this, necessary encouragement shall be given according to defined
structure and execution shall be ensured with responsibility and honesty.
5. Propagation of rehabilitation and reconstruction programme-Wide publicity shall
be arranged by the government about the entitlements and various types of assistance. The
co-operation of the society is especially important for adoption of the technique of fire
fighting and for active participation in rehabilitation plan. Therefore, elected members at
different levels, media, and academia shall be engaged in all the programmes of publicity by
the government.
6. Social development and women empowerment-The social and community
development in rehabilitation and reconstruction programme is considered very important by
the government. For this the empowerment and participation of women are absolutely
essential.
7. Assistance for House Construction- The government shall prepare a comprehensive
programme for all sections of people affected by Kosi calamity for reconstruction of houses
according to newly developed earthquake resistant technique and calamity resistant design
and shall announce the relief package/packages.
8. Material Bank- Since more than three lakh private houses, public assets and other
infrastructure are to be reconstructed, there shall be requirement of massive quantity of
cement, iron, bricks and other construction materials. The government shall ensure that at
Panchayat level, these materials are available and a situation of exploitation and profiteering
at local level does not arise. To make available the skilled labours in large number, they have
to be identified and trained for their skill development.
9. The protection of women’s right – The registration of houses constructed with the
help of government, shall be ensured in the joint name of husband and wife. In the case of
widows the facility concerning house shall be given directly to them, and not to the other male
members of the family.
10. Urban area rehabilitation- In urban areas, the reconstruction shall be planned along
with the community facilities, keeping in view the protection of the interests of the
beneficiaries and the principle “build better’. The assistance of the local bodies shall be taken
in the matter of site selection, inspection, monitoring, etc. for the execution of the schemes. In
the case of private houses the system adopted in rural areas i.e. beneficiaries-driven
construction, shall be followed. In the same manner, the arrangement shall be made for
framing guidelines and technical supervision etc. for ensuring quality of materials.
11. Calamity-resistant construction technique- It has been decided by the government
that all the private and public houses shall be reconstructed on the basis of earthquake-
resistant design and from the point of view to fight the floods situation in a better manner, in
the future. For this, institutional arrangements shall be done for promoting the use of
calamity-resistant techniques, necessary technical training, retrofitting, publicity of new
construction techniques and the arrangement of material. Inspections necessary for ensuring
quality of construction shall be arranged from time to time.
12. Measures for revival of livelihood
i) The main purpose of rehabilitation programme is revival of the livelihood of the
people affected by the calamity. Various kinds of economic programmes shall be launched by
the State government, so that masons, entrepreneurs and self employed people get the
maximum benefit. The maximum support shall be given for the revitalization of Dairy,
Handicraft, Handloom and Small Industries. For this purpose, provision for working capital
and the arrangement of other facilities and loan from the financial institutions shall be made.
ii) To re-start livelihood, finance shall be obtained from the government of India and
multilateral funding agencies. The active co-operation of commercial banks is also vital for
the execution of the plan. The training for skill development of masons and self help groups
shall be arranged. The self help groups shall be organised and they shall be engaged in the
work of house construction; they will also be covered under Swarn Jyanti Gram Swa Rojgar
Yojna for the benefit of developing livelihood.
iii) Short term Assistance- Arrangement s will be made through financial institutions for
the consumption loan, conversion of the existing loans of those affected by the calamity and
assistance to weavers and artisans for the materials and the work shed.
iv) Long term Plan- A comprehensive plan shall be prepared for the formation of co-
operative societies and self help groups in dairy sector, construction of chilling centres, and
arrangement of dairy processing, establishment of handloom and Handicraft Park for weavers
and artisans and the arrangement of marketing.
13. Revitalization programmes in agriculture sector- In Kosi calamity affected areas,
the activities of silt removal, input subsidy; arrangement of shielding etc shall immediately be
carried out. For the agricultural development of the Kosi area, national level institutions such
as ICAR shall be encouraged for study and preparation of development plan as a long term
strategy. At the regional level agriculture collage situated at Saharsa shall be strengthened.
Keeping in the view the potential of fisheries in this area, a special plan shall be prepared for
its development. The co-operative institutions attached with agriculture sector shall be
strengthened.
14. Infrastructure- In calamity affected areas roads and bridges shall be repaired for
immediate traffic. Construction of new roads, renovation and repair of irrigation canals shall
be done following calamity-resistant techniques as per the plan of strengthening and
revitalising. In rural areas repair and strengthening of approximately 2000 km roads and
constructions of bridges shall be carried out afresh in coming 2-3 years. The plans for
capacity building and upgradation of the departments shall be made for better and rapid
execution and monitoring, by the technical departments in this area. BRRDA shall be
strengthened so that the works of rural road construction go unhindered.
15. Energy- All sub-stations and public assets pertaining to energy sector shall be
repaired and renovated by the government. As an intermediate measures all equipments,
transmission lines and transformers shall be replaced, so that the system gets corrected and
works successfully. All these works shall be completed in 3-4 years.
16. Public Buildings- All the offices and public buildings viz, schools and hospitals shall
be repaired and retrofitting shall be done as per the needs, by the Government. The
construction of panchayat bhawan, high rise shelters, cattle shelters etc., shall be carried out
with the help of state plan/central plan/multilateral funding /private sector, in which calamity-
resistant techniques shall be adopted.
17. Water Supply- The renovation work plan of water supply system in rural areas shall
be taken up immediately so that people of that area could get healthy and pure water supply.
As an intermediate measure, the water supply shall be arranged in urban areas and damaged
public assets (like tube wells, motor pumps, etc.), shall be repaired. Water storage
arrangement at rural level, arrangement of water supply network, establishment of pipe line
system in urban and rural areas at a large scale, the arrangement of pumping and captive
pumps water system shall be made in coming 2-3 years.
18. Social and Community Development-For reconstruction of services and social and
community capital, the programmes of health, education and women development shall be
executed in Kosi calamity affected area. The focus of all these programmes shall be on
women and their empowerment and renovation of livelihood would be made more effective.
19. Health-The infrastructure services concerning health shall again be restarted. There
would be the need of running continuous health services for most of the people affected by
the calamity. Therefore, there would be the need for strengthening it. The arrangement for
health and sanitation, management of education, community training etc., shall be done for
the short span of time so that epidemic does not breakout. Better facilities shall be brought
about in primary health centers, sub divisional and district hospitals so that the arrangement
could be made according to the increasing number of the patients. It shall include the
arrangement of intensive care unit at district hospitals, intensive care unit for new born,
Nutritional rehabilitation centre and to provide the pathological and radiological tests
facilities up to primary health centres, etc. Under the pulse polio and routine immunisation
programme special round shall be conducted in flood affected areas. Along with this the de-
worming shall also be carried out. Anganwadi centers shall further be strengthened and
immunisation of pregnant mothers and new born babies and the arrangement of health
training shall also be strengthened.
20. Education-The programme shall be started in calamity affected areas for making the
educational intuitions functional again. Priority shall be given to repair and reconstruction of
schools. The buildings of technical intuitions like I.T.I, Polytechnic, etc. shall be repaired and
strengthened so that the programme of capacity development can also be executed from these
centres.
21. Participation of Panchayti Raj Institutions-The cooperation of panchayti raj
institutions in rehabilitation and reconstruction of damaged infrastructures in Kosi calamity
areas shall be solicited. .
22. Women's empowerment-The main plank of rehabilitation plan shall be the
empowerment of women through the activities of income generation, education and training.
For handloom and other economic activities, special training for women shall be organised
and supported by government. The plan on the formation of self helps groups and through
them the organisation of thrift and credit etc. shall be implemented. The programme of social
services and reconstruction of centres through anganbadi workers, social workers and also
through the NGOs, Mahila Samakhya, women development corporation and others reputed
non governmental organisations shall be implemented.
23. Institutional Arrangement for execution of projects
(a) Kosi Rehabilitation and Reconstruction High Level Committee
(i) The working plan prepared for the reconstruction and other policy decisions shall
be approved by the Kosi Rehabilitation and Reconstruction High Level Committee
constituted under the chairmanship of Chief Minister, in which following shall be the
members, apart from the Deputy Chief Minister-cum-Finance Minister:-
Minister, Rural Development Department.
Minister, Agriculture Department.
Minister, Animal & Fish Resources Department.
Minister, PHED.
Minister, Urban Development Department.
Minister, Panchayti raj Department.
Minister, Industries Department.
Minister, Health Department.
Minister, Education Department.
Minister, Social Welfare Department.
Minister, SC & ST Welfare Department.
Minister, Backward and Most Backward classes' welfare Department.
Minister, Minority Welfare Department.
Minister, Road Construction Department.
Minister, Rural Works Department.
Minister, Planning & Development Department.
Minister, Disaster Management Department.
Minister, Water Resources Department
Chief Secretary, Bihar
Development Commissioner, Bihar
Principal Secretary, Finance Department
Principal Secretary, Disaster Management Department
(ii) Two experts, reputed in the field of technique, earthquake and construction
(iii) Members of Disaster Management Authority.
(iv) Principal Secretary/ Secretary of the departments concerned shall be invited
members. Principal Secretary/ Secretary, Department of Planning & Development shall be
the member-secretary of this Committee.
On the issue of policy decision and inter-departmental coordination, the directions for
necessary plan modification on the basis of review and guidelines may be given by the above
referred committee.
(b) Plan Formulation and Resources-The Plan shall be formulated by the Department
of Planning and Development under the guidance of Development Commissioner.
Department shall assess the availability of funds from different sources for Rehabilitation and
Reconstruction Plan in a Financial Year and against the available resources formulate the
plans for various sectors and obtain the approval of high level committee on that.
(c) Kosi Rehabilitation and Reconstruction Plan Empowered Committee-All the
schemes under the plans for Kosi Rehabilitation and Reconstruction shall require the
approval by the newly constituted empowered committee. Principal Secretary, Department of
Finance/ Additional Finance Commissioner, Principal Secretary/ Secretary, Department of
Disaster Management and Principal Secretary/Secretary, Department of Planning &
Development and Principal Secretary/ Secretary of the department concerned shall be the
members of the above committee. The experts could be invited to help the committee
constituted under the Chairmanship of Development Commissioner.
After the recommendation of empowered committee the sanction order shall be issued
by the department as per the existing procedure and delegated power. For the approval of the
schemes related to Kosi Rehabilitation and Reconstruction, the delegation of power to the
department shall be considered modified to that extent.
The schemes under the approved programmes can be executed by the department
from its own budget provision or Chief Minister Relief Fund or the funds obtained from
Bihar Foundation. From the Funds for special schemes obtained from either Chief Minister
Relief Fund or Bihar Foundation concerned, departments, as executing agencies, would be
able to execute the schemes. The execution of schemes shall be carried out through the
existing arrangement of the department concerned.
Monthly monitoring of the schemes shall be done by the empowered committee
constituted and referred above.
(d) Under the Chairmanship of Minister in charge, the district monitoring committee
shall be constituted at district level in which local MPs, MLAs, MLCs, representatives of the
recognised political parties, Zila Prishad Chairman, Chairman of the district level local urban
body and district level officers of executing departments and Deputy Development
Commissioner shall be the members. District Magistrate shall be the convenor of this
committee.
By the order of Governor
(Rameshwar Singh)
Principal Secretary
Memo No: Yo5/misce.-08/08 3720-/PD,Patna, Dated 19.11.08
Copy to: Secretary to Chief Minister and Personal Secretary to Minister, Rural
Development / Public Health Engineering / Urban Development / Panchayati Raj / Industry /
Health / Education/Social Welfare / Backward and Most Backward Welfare / Road
Construction / Rural Works / Planning and Development / Disaster Management /
Agriculture / Animal and Fisheries Resources / SC and ST Welfare / Minority Welfare for
information and necessary action.
Principal Secretary
Memo No: Yo5/misce.-08/08 3720-/PD,Patna, Dated 19.11.08
Copy to: Chief Secretary, Bihar, Patna / Development Commissioner, Bihar, Patna /
Principal Secretary/Secretary of all Departments, for information and necessary action.
Principal Secretary
Memo No: Yo5/misce.-08/08- 3720 - /PD,Patna, Dated 19.11.08
Copy to: Divisional Commissioner, Kosi / Purnia / District Magistrate, Madhepura,
Saharsa, Supaul, Araria, Purnia / Deputy Development Commissioner, Madhepura, Saharsa,
Supoul, Araria, Purnia for information and necessary action. District Magistrates are
requested to make a copy of this resolution available to MP / MLA / MLC / Chairman Zila
Parisad / Nagar Parisad of the District.
Principal Secretary
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f o fH kUu xSj & l j dkj h l aL F kku ksa } kj k br us o g r Lr j ds l kg k;~; dk;ksZ
ds f y , lj dkj dh l j kg uk dh x;h A
4& ;| f i dsUn z l j dkj ] f ut h { ks= ds yk sx ksa , oa xSj & l j dkj h
l aL F kku ksa } kj k j kT; lj dkj dh l g k;r k ds f y , g kF k c<+k ;k x;k
vkSj l kg k ;~; f 'kf oj vH kh Hk h py j gs g aS] f Qj Hk h bl vk in k ls
t c y ksx f udy dj viu s ?k j o ki l y kSV asxs] r c j kT ; l j dk j dks
i zHk kf o r vkckn h dk s] n h ? kZdky h u iqu o kZl ds vk/ kkj ij ] l g k;r k
i zn ku dj uh g k sxh A bl vk in k l s l keuk dj us esa m l { k s= ds y ksx k sa
} kj k l kgl ,oa f j fl f y;sal ] df Bu if jfL F kf r ;ksa dk l keuk dj u s dh
3
{ ker k fn [kk;h x;h; mUg sa u;s fl j s l s vi uk t h o u csg rj <+ax l s
i zkj aH k dj us ds f y , l g k;r k izn ku dj uh g ksxh A
5& j k T; l j dkj ij ,d vizR ;kf ' kr m R rjn kf ;R o bl vki n k
l s vk x;k g S vkS j l j dkj us Hk h ] vf r lao sn u'kh y r k n 'k kZr s gq,]
i quo kZl dh vko ';dr k ds vu q:i ; ks t uk rS;kj dj y h g S A vius
l k/ku L= k sr ] dsUn z l j dkj dh l g k;r k , oa f u t h { ks= ,o a xSj
l j dk j h l aL F kkvksa ds ;ksxn k u ls iquo kZl , oa iqu f uZekZ.k ; kst u k dks]
y ksxksa dh l g H kkf xr k l s] dk ;kZf Uo r f d;k t k uk g S A bl eg kf oin k
l s m Bdj , d u;k t h o u i zkj aH k dj u s l s y ksxksa esa l n ~H kko uk L F k kf ir
g k sxh A
6& mmmm íííí s' ;&s' ;&s' ;&s' ;&
dksl h iquo kZl ,oa iqu f uZek Z.k if j ;kst uk , d O;kid cg q&
i z{k s= h ; if j ;kst uk g S] f t l dk mís' ; vkin k ls izH kkf o r y ksxk sa ds
edku dk iquf u ZekZ.k] l k eqn kf ;d l qf o /kk] vk/kk j Hk wr l aj pu kvksa dh iw.kZ
O;o L F kk] vF kZ O;o L F kk ,o a ikf j f LF kfr dh dks dk;e j [ku s dh u h f r ij
vk/k kf j r t hf odk l e F kZu vkfn rS;kj fd;k t kuk] bl if j;kst uk ds
eq[; m ís' ; g ksaxs &
¼d ½ bl s ek = f o if Ùk u gh a] cf Yd ,d u , et cwr l kekf t d
, oa vk f F kZd if j os' k cu kus ds vo l j ds :i esa mi;ks x
dj uk
4
¼[k½ i zHk kf o r { ks= ksa dh l ko Zt fu d@f ut h if j l Eifr ;ksa dk
i quf uZekZ.k r F kk iqu okZl ds f y , vk fF kZd r F kk l kek f t d
f dz;kdy ki dj uk(
¼x½ j k T; l j dkj dh u h f r ;ksa ds vu ql kj mi ;qDr izko Sf /k dh
ds ek /;e l s i zkdf r d vk in k l s i zHkk f or y ksxksa ds ? kj ksa
r F kk l koZt f u d Hko uk sa dh ej Eer h r F kk iqu f uZekZ.k
dj uk f tl esa H ko u fuek Z.k r F kk jsV ªks f Qf Vax 'k kf ey gS A
¼? k½ df "k] eR L; iky u ] M s;j h m|k sx] y ? kq m |ksx r F kk
g Lr dj ? kk esa l g k;rk n sdj L F kk uh ; vF kZ& O;oL F kk dk s
i qut h Zf or dj u k rF k k y ksxksa dh vk t h f o dk dks iqu %
cg k y dj uk A
¼M 0½ l keqn kf ;d r F kk l kekf t d vk/ kkj H kwr laj p uk dk m Uu ;u
r F kk iqu f uZekZ.k] Lo kL F ; r F kk f 'k{k k ra= esa l q/k kj rF kk
l ekt ds det ksj oxZ r F kk ef g yk vksa dk
l 'kD rh dj .k]
¼p½ i zHk kf o r { ks= esa vk/k kj H kwr l aj puk ds f y , xq.ko Ùkk iw.kZ
eku naM , oa ekxZn 'kZu f u/k kZf jr dj uk(
¼N ½ i zkdf r d vkin k ls izH kk f or y ksxksa ds l g k ;r kF kZ
n h ? kZdk yh u vk/kkj i j g sYiy kbZu eqg S;k dj uk r F kk
eu kso SK kf u d l yk g nsu k A
5
¼t ½ i zHk kf o r { ks= ksa esa t h o un k;h vk/k kj H kwr l aj pu k] l M +d
u sVo dZ r F k k t y ki wf rZ] mt kZ t Sl h mi;ksxh vk /kkj H kwr
l aj pu k dk i quL F kkZi u A
¼> ½ ef g y k vksa dks dk;Z dze dk ;kZUo ;u esa ' kkf ey dj mu ds
l 'kD rh dj .k dk le F kZu dj u k A
¼´ ½ cPpk sa ds f y , , dh dr iks"k .k r F k k f 'k{ kk dh O;o L F kk
dj uk A
¼V ½ n h ? kZdk yh u m i'keu dk ;Z dzeksa } kj k H kYujsf cf y V h dks de
dj uk A
¼B½ y ksxksa r F k k oSl h l aL F kkvksa ds izf r f uf /k ;ksa] f t uesa y ksxksa dh
vkdka{ kk, Wa i zf r f cf Ecr g k sa] dks 'k kf ey dj r s g q,
dk;Z dzek sa dks f o df lr dj uk r F kk LoSf PN d l aL F kkvksa]
f u t h { ks= r F kk vU; l aL F kkvksa dh Hk kxh n kj h dks
i zksR l kf g r dj u k A
7& e kx Zn 'kZd f l ) kare kx Zn 'kZd f l ) kare kx Zn 'kZd f l ) kare kx Zn 'kZd f l ) kar &
i quo kZl ,o a iqu f uZek Z.k if j ;k st uk dk eq[; m ís' ;] r qj ar
i quf uZekZ.k dh i zkF kf edr kvksa l s H kh c<+dj vkf F k Zd ,o a l kekf t d
f cUnqvksa t Sl s& l kekf t d f o dk l , oa l 'k fDr dj .k i j H kh dsf Un zr
g k sA dk;kZ Uo;u esa f uEuf y f [kr f l ) kar ksa dks /;ku esa j [k k t k;xk %
6
• u;h izf dz;k esa] iz H kkf o r y ksxk saa ,o a l acaf /kr laL F kk vksa t Sl s
iapk ;r h j k t l aL F kk, Wa] r F k k u xj f udk;ksa dks l f Eef y r f d;k
t k;xk v kSj m udh izkF k f edr k vksa , oa v ko ';dr kvksa ds vk / kkj
ij ;kst u kvksa dh : i& js[kk r S;kj dh t k;xh A
• l k> sn kj h ,oa l g H kkf xr k ij vk /kkf j r dk;kZUo;u i )f r ls
ef g y k l ewg ksa] xSj l j dkj h l aLF kkvksa r F kk iapk;r h j kt l aL F k kuksa
ds l qn <+h dj .k ds l kF k& l kF k fu"i{ k r k ,o a l 'kDr h dj.k ds
vk /kkj ij xj h c r cds ds y ksxksa dks Hk h if j ;kst u k ls
y kH kkf Uor dj k;k t k l ds A
• u;h Hkwd Eij ks/k h r d uh dh ] u ;s f uekZ.k l k/k uksaa ,o a izf dz ;kv ksa l s
y kH kkf Uor ksa dks vo xr dj kr s gq, mu ds vko ';dr kuql kj f uekZ.k
dj u s dh lqf o /kk izn k u dh t k l dsA
• iqu f uZekZ.k ,o a iqu o kZl dk;Zdze dks f ut h { ks= ksa dh laL F kk vk sa] xSj
l j dkj h laL F kk vksa ,o a f o 'ks"k K l aL F kkvksa dks dk;Z dze ds
dk ;kZ Uo ;u esa H kkxn kj h ds f y , izksR l kg u fn ;k t k;sxk A
• dk ;kZ Uo ;u esa ik j n f' kZr k ,o a mR r jn kf ;Ro g k s] bl gsr q l aL F kkxr
laj p uk esa izf Ø;k f u/kk Zf jr dh t k l dsxh A
8& i f j ;kst uk dk ;ZØ e d s f u Eu kaf d r ?k V d g ksaxi f j ;kst uk dk ;ZØ e d s f u Eu kaf d r ?k V d g ksaxi f j ;kst uk dk ;ZØ e d s f u Eu kaf d r ?k V d g ksaxi f j ;kst uk dk ;ZØ e d s f u Eu kaf d r ?k V d g ksax ss ss &
¼d ½ vko kl f u ekZ.k
7
¼[k½ vo f 'k"V dks g Vku k r F kk m ckj uk
¼x½ vL F kkbZ ' kj .kL F ky h dk f u ek Z.k
¼? k½ L F k kbZ ?k j ksa dk f u ekZ.k
¼M -½ LV kQ Do kV Zj r F kk l keqn kf ;d Hk ou ksa dh ej Eer h r F kk
i quf uZekZ.k
¼p½ vkt h f o dk dk ;Zdzeksa dk l t u
¼N ½ vk/k kj H kwr laj p uk & H kkSf r d rF kk l kekft d
¼t ½ l kekf t d rF kk l keqnkf ;d f o dk l
¼> ½ i zkF kf ed LokL F ; dsU nz@Lok LF ; mi dsUn z@vLir k y dk
i quf uZekZ.k
¼´ ½ vkbZ -l h -M h -,l - xksn ke @vk axu ckM +h ds Un zksa dk i quf u ZekZ.k
¼V ½ i zkF kf ed r F kk ek/ ;fed f o |ky ;ksa dh ej Eer h r F kk
i quf uZekZ.k
¼B½ m Pp rF kk r du h dh l aL F kkvksa dh ej Eer h r F k k iquf uZekZ.k
¼M ½ l koZt f ud r F kk f ut h Lekj dksa r F kk fo j kl r dsUnzk sa dk
i quf uZekZ.k
¼<½ i apk;r H ko u] mP phdr 'kj .kL F ky h
• dk ;ZØ eksa esa f u Eu kaf d r f cUn qvk sa dks l qf uf' pr f d;k t k;xk A
¼d ½ xq.ko R r k eki n .M
8
¼[k½ i apk;r h j kt l aL F kkvksa r F kk ' kg j h L F kku h ; f udk;ksa dh
H kkxh n kj h
¼x½ ef g y k l 'kDr h dj .k
¼? k½ l kekf t d Hk kxhn kj h r F kk l kekf t d vads{ k.k dk i zko /kku
¼M -½ t k sf [ke izf rj ks/kd r du h d
¼p½ f Ø ;kUo ;u dh izxf r ds vu qJo .k ds f y , l kaf L F kd
O;o L F kk A
9& l kekf t dl kekf t dl kekf t dl kekf t d Hkk xh n kj h Hkk xh n kj h Hkk xh n kj h Hkk xh n kj h &&&&
i) l kekf t d H kkxh n kj h ] iqu okZl dk;Zdze e sa
l 'kfD r dj .k dh izf dz;k g S f t l l s l ekt dks viuh bPN k , oa
i zkF kf edr k ds vk/kk j ij iquo kZl ,o a i quf uZek Z.k dj us dk vo l j
f ey sxk A f u "i{ kr k ,o a mR r jn kf ;R o ds n f "V dks.k l s l ekt dh
H kkxh n kj h ls d k;ZØe ksa dk vkf F k Zd , oa l kekf t d y kH k de t ksj o xksZ
dks] m ud s g d ds vuql kj f ey l dsxk A l ekt dh Hkk xh n kj h ls
dk;kZ Uo ;u ,t saf l ;ksa dks H kh dk ;kZUo ;u dh xq.ko R r k esa l q/k kj y kus
ds f y , vf /kd m R rj n k ;h cuk;k t k l dsxk A
ii) l ekt ds i j ke'kZ l s dk;Z Øeksa ds dk ;kZUo ;u dh
i zf Ø;k viuk us l s l ekt ds l H kh oxksaZ dk ij k e'kZ iqu o kZl , oa
i quf uZekZ.k dk;ZØe ksa esa i zkI r g ks l dsxk vk Sj i quf u Zf eZr l Eif Ùk;ksa ds
Lo kf eR o dh H kko uk(ownership feeling), l ar qf "V , oa vPN k
9
vuqH ko ] y k Hkk f Uo r ksa dk s izkI r g ks l dsxk A vr % l kekf t d H kkxh n kjh
ds f y , ,d laL F kkx r O;o LF kk dh vko ' ;dr k g SA
iii) mí s';
¼ d½ l H kh dk;kZUo;u ,t sa f l ;ksa dk s] ;kst u k dh r S;kj h esa]
u h f r ds l w= h dj .k esa] v kSj i f j ;kst uk ds dk ;kZUo ;u esa ]
l ekt ds l H kh o xksZa dh H kkxh n kj h izf Ø;k dks l qf uf ' pr
dj uk A
¼ [k½ xzzke Lr j ij iquo kZl ;kst u k dh :ij s[kk dh
r S;k j h esa l ekt ds l Hk h ln L;ksa dks ij k e' kZ izf dz;k esa
H kkx y sus dk iw.kZ vo l j f ey uk pk f g , vkSj mu ds
H ko u ,oa l k ekf td vkf F kZd ,o a l kekf t d iquo kZl
i zLr ko dks m udh i zkF kf edr k ds vu ql kj if j ;kst u k dks
vaf r e :i n suk p kf g , A
¼ x½ L F kku h ; f L F kfr ,o a t h o u i )f r ds vuq:i
r F kk vko ' ;dr k ,o a g d ds vuq : i iqu okZl ;kst uk
g k suh pkf g , A
¼ ?k ½ l H kh l ewg ksa dks l j dkj h , oa xSj & l j dk j h l aL F kkvksa
ds l kF k f o pk j ksa ds vkn k u& izn ku ¼interact½dj us dh
vko ';dr k g S r kf d vPN h izksQ sl uy f uiq.kr k , oa
t k udkj h dk y k Hk m Bku s dk vo l j f ey s A
10
¼ M -½ l ekt dh Hkk xh n kj h ds Lr j , oa xq.ko R r k] iwj s
i f j ;kst u k { ks= esa ,d g h izdk j dh ,o a m Pp Lrj dh
g k suh pkf g ,
10& f u t h { ks= ,o a x Sj &l j d kj h { ks= d h Hk kx h n kj hf u t h { ks= ,o a x Sj &l j d kj h { ks= d h Hk kx h n kj hf u t h { ks= ,o a x Sj &l j d kj h { ks= d h Hk kx h n kj hf u t h { ks= ,o a x Sj &l j d kj h { ks= d h Hk kx h n kj h &
i) p w¡f d vkin k ds dk j .k vkf F kZd f o dkl i zf dz;k ij izH kk o
i M +r k gS] vr % f ut h ,o a xSj & l j dkj h laL F kk vksa dk H kh l kewf g d r kSj
i j mR rj n kf ;R o curk g S f d l j dk j h iz;k l ds l k F k os H kh f uekZ.k
, oa iqu o kZl dk ;Z dzeksa esa Hk k x y sa A t u r kaf = d l ekt esa] l j dkj dk
r F kk ek dsZV ,o a f l fo y l ksl k ;Vh dk vy x& vy x et cwr h ,o a l h ek
g k sr h g S A bu r h uk sa } k j k vy x& vyx dk; Zdz eksa dk dk; kZUo ;u g ksus
i j de l Q y r k izkI r g ksus dh l aH kko u k gS y sf du l kFk f ey dj
dk;ZØ e dks l aH kk yu s ls u dso y l Q yr k dh laH kko uk, Wa c <+ t k,Wa xh
cf Yd vf /kd dkj xj Hk h fl ) g ksxk A
ii) m í sm í sm í sm í s ' ;&' ;&' ;&' ;&
f u t h { ks= } kj k f uEu kaf dr mí s';k sa ds f y , l j dk j ds
i z;kl ds l kF k] l g k;r k i zn ku dh t k l dr h gS &
1& H kf o "; esa vkin kvksa dks l Q y r kiwoZd l k euk dj u s ds
f y ,] vkf F kZd ,o a l kekf t d laj pu k fuekZ.k esa] l g ;ksx
i zn ku dj u k A
11
2& vkin k ds f y , izH kko dkj h <ax l s vuqf dz;k (Response)
, oa f o dkl izf dz;k dks vkin k izca/ku esa lf Eef y r dj
i f j ;kst u kvk sa dk dk ;kZUo;u A
iii) d k; ZØd k; ZØd k; ZØd k; ZØ e { k s= &e { k s= &e { k s= &e { k s= &
1& [k r j k de dj us ,o a vkSj nwj dj us
2& vkin k dk l keu k dj u s ds f y , rS;kj j g uk
3& cpk o , oa l kg k;~; ds f y , r qj r vu qf Ø;k (Response)
iv) i quf u Zek Z. k dk;Zd zei quf u Zek Z. k dk;Zd zei quf u Zek Z. k dk;Zd zei quf u Zek Z. k dk;Zd ze &
1& i zf 'k{ k.k , oa { ker k f uekZ.k
2& ' kks/k , oa M k D;qesUVs' ku
3& i zn 'kZudkj h ifj ;kst ukvksa dk dk ;kZ Uo ;u
4& u h f r ;ksa ds f y, l eF kZu vf H k;k u
5& vkin k dks de ;k nwj dj us ds f y , fM t k bu ,oa
f u ekZ.k esa l g k ;r k A
6& f cf YMax dksM ,o a LVSaM M Z dksM esa lg k;r k
7& H kwf e m i;ksx ;kst u k
8& [k r j k fu;a= .k (Hazard Control)
v) i zf 'k{ k .k , oa { ker k f u ekZ. k esa df e ;k Wai zf 'k{ k .k , oa { ker k f u ekZ. k esa df e ;k Wai zf 'k{ k .k , oa { ker k f u ekZ. k esa df e ;k Wai zf 'k{ k .k , oa { ker k f u ekZ. k esa df e ;k Wa &
l ekt ds l Hkh oxksZ] f l f o y l ksl k;V h l aLF kkvksa , oa
L F k kuh ; f udk;ksa dk s i zf 'k{ k.k fn ykus esa l g k;r k izn ku dh t k l dr h
12
g S A bl g sr q { kf r ds vk dy u] iqu f uZekZ.k dh ;kst uk dh r S;kj h
r F kk r duh dh ,o a usV o f dZax ds f y , l g k ;r k izn ku dh t k l dr h
g SA
vi) v uqf dz; k v uqf dz; k v uqf dz; k v uqf dz; k (Response) ,o a i qu f uZe kZ. k ,o a i qu f uZe kZ. k ,o a i qu f uZe kZ. k ,o a i qu f uZe kZ. k &
¼d ½ f u t h {ks= esa izR ;s d l aL F kk dks m udh dksj (core) { ker k ds vk /kkj ij f u Eu kaf dr ksa ds f y , l g k;r k i zn ku dh t k ldsxh & 1& deh Z 2& l kexzh 3& i zko Sf /kdh
4& i zca/ku ,o a 5& f o Rr
¼[k½ bl gsrq j kT; l j dk j ds l kF k u h fr xr g Lr { ksi ds f y ,
u sVo f dZax f d ;s t kus ,o a f t yk Lr j ij l eUo ; L F k kf ir dj us ds
f y , vol j izn ku f d;k t k;xk A if j ;kst uk dh rS;kj h rF kk
dk;kZ Uo ;u f u t h { ks= dh l aL F kkvks a } kj k vy x& vy x bdkbZ ;k
l kewf g d r kSj ij dh t k l dsxh A
¼x½ vkin k izca/ ku dh r S;kj h g sr q r du h dh lwp uk ;k
r duh dh l g k;r k izn k u dj us esa H kh y kH kkf Uo r ksa dks l g k;r k izn ku
dh t k l dsxh A vkin k de dj u s ds f y , ' kks/k dk i zca /k] Think
tank dh O;o L F kk] f o Lrr , D' ku Iy ku dh r S;kj h bR ;k f n esa H kh
f u t h { ks= ,o a xSj l j dkj h l aLF kkvksa dk ;k sxn ku g ks l dsxk A
¼? k½ y ksd l aif Ù k;ksa dk i quf uZek Z.k l j dkj } kj k Lo ;a f d;k
t k ;xk y sf du u , f ljs l s l kekf t d l Ei f Ùk;ksa ds f u ekZ.k esa f ut h
13
{ ks= ,o a xSj & l j dkj h l aL F kk,Wa ;ksxn ku n s l dsaxh t Sl s& l keqn kf ;d
H ko u] g k bZ j k bt evacuation centres] iapk;r H ko u bR ;kfn ds f uekZ.k]
xzzke Lr j i j vkar f jd vko kxeu ,o a l kewf g d l qf o /kkvksa dh L F kki uk
dh r S;kj h A vxj dksbZ f u t h {k s= dh l aL F kk ;k xSj l jdk j h l aL F kk
i wj s xk¡o ;k habitation l s l acaf / kr l H kh vk /kkj H kwr l aj p uk] vko kl h ;
edku vkf n ck <+ ,o a H kwdai f u j ks/kh f M t kbu ds vk /kkj i j f uekZ.k
dj us ds f y , bPNqd g kas r ks mUgsa l acaf /kr H kwf e dk vko aV u f t yk
i z'kkl u } k j k f d;k t k l dsxk A bl ds f y , y kHk kf F kZ;k sa d h lwph H kh
f t y k iz'kk l u } kj k g h m iy C /k dj kbZ t k,xh A f ut h { ks= , oa
xSj & l j dk j h l aL F kkvksa } kj k f d, t ku s o ky s dk;kZ Uo;u dk f u j h{ k.k
, oa vuqJo .k f t y k Lr j ij xf Br vuqJ o.k l f ef r } kj k f d;k
t k ,xk r kf d f of HkUu L= k sr ksa l s f d, t k j gs dk;ks Za dk M qI yh ds' ku
u g ha g ks A
11& f o R r f o R r f o R r f o R r iks" k .kiks" k .kiks" k .kiks" k .k
dksl h i quo kZl ,oa iqu f uZekZ.k ds f y, dqy 14 80 8- 59
dj ksM + :i;s dh vk o ' ;dr k vk¡dh xb Z gS A Calamity relief fund ds
vf r fj D r f of H kUu dsUn zh ; ;kst u kvksa r F kk j kT; ;kst u kvksa ds vUr x Zr
bl ifj ;k st uk ds ?kV dk sa dk s dk ;kZf Uor f d;k t k l dsxk A 'ks" k
vko ';d j kf ' k ds l aca/ k esa Multilateral funding dh O; oL F k k gsr q
dkj Zo kbZ dh t k ;xh A bl ds vf r fj Dr f ut h { ks= ,oa xSj & l j dkj h
14
l aL F kkvksa d s ;ksxn ku ls dk;Z dze ds dqN ? kV dksa dk dk ;kZUo;u g ks
l dsxk A
12& d k; kZUo ;u j .kuh f r d k; kZUo ;u j .kuh f r d k; kZUo ;u j .kuh f r d k; kZUo ;u j .kuh f r
Å ij f yf [kr ekxZn f 'kZr fl ) kar ksa ds vu q:i l j dkj } kj k
dk;kZ Uo ;u uh f r rS;kj dh t k;xh A iqu f uZek Z.k ds r qj r dk;k Z Uo ;u
dh vk o' ; dr k ds en ~nsut j ] l ekt dh H kkxh n kj h r F kk H kwdEi l s
cpk us ds j { kk m ik; H kh bl j .ku h fr esa l f Eef y r f d, t k;sax sA
bl ds eq[; ? kV d f uEuk af dr g Sa &
¼1½ { kf r dk vk dy u{ kf r dk vk dy u{ kf r dk vk dy u{ kf r dk vk dy u & l j dkj } k j k dksl h vk in k ls
H ko uk sa] y ksd lai f R r;ksa ,o a vk/k kj H kwr l aj puk vksa dh g qbZ { kf r dk
vkdy u f oLr r :i l s dj k;k t k;x k A bl vk/k kj ij iquo kZl
vko ';r k vksa dk vk dy u r F k k bll s lacaf /kr baf tf u;fj ax , oa f uekZ.k
j .k uh fr r S;kj dh t k;xh A i zR ;s d xkWao Lr j dk vk dy u
vy x& vyx Vh e } k j k dj kdj xzk eh .k L r j i j i quo kZl ,o a iqu f uZekZ.k
;kst uk r S;kj dh t k;xh A bu dkj Z o kbZ esa l j dkj h deZp kf j ;ska ds
vy ko s xSj & l j dkj h l aL F kkvksa dk s H kh l fEef y r f d;k t k;xk A
¼2½ i f C y d izk bo sV ikV Zuj ' kh i i f C y d izk bo sV ikV Zuj ' kh i i f C y d izk bo sV ikV Zuj ' kh i i f C y d izk bo sV ikV Zuj ' kh i & de l e; esa iquf uZekZ.k dh
p qukSr h ds dk j .k fl fo y l ksl kbV h dh eg R o iw.k Z l aL F kkvksa ds l kF k
trust and reciprocity ,o a ikj Li f jdr k ds vk/ kkj ij iquf uZekZ.k
15
;kst uk dh r S;kj h ,o a dk;k ZUo;u dh vko ';dr k l j dkj eg l wl
dj r h gS A bl gsr q vko ';d ek xZn 'k Zu H kh fuxZr f d;k tk;xk A
¼3½ f u t h edku ksa d s l ac a/k esa i quf u Zek Z. kf u t h edku ksa d s l ac a/k esa i quf u Zek Z. kf u t h edku ksa d s l ac a/k esa i quf u Zek Z. kf u t h edku ksa d s l ac a/k esa i quf u Zek Z. k & dksl h { ks= dh
f o f' k"Vr k vksa dks /;k u esa j [kdj ^^iwo Z l s csg rj f uekZ.k** dh u hf r
viu k;h t k ;sxh A f ut h edk uksa dk iquf uZekZ.k yk Hk kF kh Z izsf j r
(Beneficiary driven ) f uekZ.k g k sxk A vuql wf pr t kfr ,oa t u t kfr
i f j o kj ksa f t l ds ikl o kl dh Hkwf e ugh gS mUgsa H kw& vt Zu dj o kl
L F k y oan kscLr f d;k t k;sxk A ok Lr f od f uek Z.k i zf dz;k esa l Hkh o xksZ
dks l f Eef y r f d;k t k uk vko ' ;d g ksxk A l kekf t d , oa ekufl d
l eqRF kku ds f y , ] L F kku h ; t ku dkj h ,o a { ker k ds vk/kk j ij
dk;Z dzek sa dk vk dk j g ksxk A dkS' ky m Uu ;u ds f y, Hkh O;o L F kk
dh t k;xh A
¼4½ l kekf t d H kk xh n kj h i z.k ky h d k r a=l kekf t d H kk xh n kj h i z.k ky h d k r a=l kekf t d H kk xh n kj h i z.k ky h d k r a=l kekf t d H kk xh n kj h i z.k ky h d k r a= & vkSi pkf j d @
vuk Sipkf j d r j h dksa ls xzkeh .k ,o a uxj h ; byk dksa esa] iqu f uZekZ.k
dk;Z dzek sa esaa l ek t dh H kkxh n kj h dh vko ';dr k l j dkj eg l wl
dj r h gS A bl g sr q vko ';d izk sRl kgu f u /kkZf j r <kWap s ds vuq :i
fn ;k t k;sxk vkSj mR r jn kf ;R o ,oa bZeku n kjh l s dk;kZUo ;u l qf uf ' pr
f d;k t k;sxk A
¼5½ i quo k Zl ,o a i quf uZe kZ. k d k ;ZØ e d k izp kji quo k Zl ,o a i quf uZe kZ. k d k ;ZØ e d k izp kji quo k Zl ,o a i quf uZe kZ. k d k ;ZØ e d k izp kji quo k Zl ,o a i quf uZe kZ. k d k ;ZØ e d k izp kj & y ksxk sa ds
g d ,o a f of H kUu izdkj dh l g k ;r k ds l aca/k esa O;k i d izpkj dh
16
O;o L F kk l j dkj } kj k dh t k;xh A f o 'ks"k :i l s t k sf [ke izf r j ks/kh
r duh dh dks viuk us esa r F kk iquo kZl ;kst uk esa l f dz; ;ksxn ku n sus
ds f y , l ekt dk l g ;ksx vR ;ko '; d g S A vr % l j dkj } kj k
f o fH kUu Lr j ds f uo kZf p r l n L;ksa] f ef M ;k ] , dsM f e;k Wa
¼academia½dks iz pkj ls lacaf / kr l Hkh dk;ZØeks a esa l f Eef y r f d;k
t k ;xk A
¼6½ llll kkkk ek f t d f odkl ,o a ef g y k ek f t d f odkl ,o a ef g y k ek f t d f odkl ,o a ef g y k ek f t d f odkl ,o a ef g y k llll ' kf D r dj .k' kf D r dj .k' kf D r dj .k' kf D r dj .k &&&& l j dkj
l kekf t d ,o a l k eqnkf ;d f o dk l dks i qu Zo kl , oa i quf uZek.k dk; Zdze
esa ,d eg R oi w.kZ f o Un q ek ur h g S A bl g srq ef g y kvksa dh H kkxh n kjh
, oa m uds l 'k Dr h dj .k dh vk o' ;dr k gSA
¼7½ H ko u f uekZ. k d s f y , l g k;r kH ko u f uekZ. k d s f y , l g k;r kH ko u f uekZ. k d s f y , l g k;r kH ko u f uekZ. k d s f y , l g k;r k & dksl h vkin k ls
i zHk kf o r l Hk h o xksZ ds yk s xk sa dks ] { kf r xz Lr edkuksa ds iqu f uZekZ.k] u ;s
f o dfl r H kwdEi r duh dh ds vu q:i r F kk vk in k izf r jks/k h fM t kbu
l fg r f uekZ.k dj u s ds f y , ] l j dkj f o Lrr dk;Zdze r S;kj djsxh
vkSj l g k;r k iSdst @ iSdst ksa dh H kh ? kks"k . kk dj sxh A
¼8½ e sV sf j ;y cSade sV sf j ;y cSade sV sf j ;y cSade sV sf j ;y cSad & pw¡f d r h u y k[k l s vf /kd f ut h
edkuk sa] yk sd l aif R r;ksa ,o a vU; vk/k k j H kwr laj p ukvksa dk iquf uZekZ.k
f d;k t k uk g S vr % vf / kd ek = k esa f l esaV] N M +] bZaV ,o a vU;
f u ekZ.k l kef xz;ksa dh vk o' ;dr k g ksxh Al j dkj ;g lqf u f'pr dj sxh
f d iapk ;r Lr j ij bu l k ef xz;k sa dh mi y C/kr k g k s] vkSj L F k kuh ;
17
Lr j ij equ kQ k [kksj h vk Sj 'k ks"k.k dh f L F k f r m R iUu u g ks A vf / kd
l a[;k esa dq' ky dkj h xj k sa dks m iy C ? k dj ku s g sr q] mUg sa f p f àr dj
dkS'k y m Uu;u g sr q i zf 'k {k .k dh O;oL F kk dj u h gS A
¼9½ ef g y k vksa d s g d dh j { kkef g y k vksa d s g d dh j { kkef g y k vksa d s g d dh j { kkef g y k vksa d s g d dh j { kk & lj dkj h l g k ;r k ls f uf eZr
g k sus ok y s edkuk sa d k f u ca/ku ] i f r ,oa i Ru h ds l a;qD r uke l s g ks]
bl s lqf u f 'pr dj k;k t k ;xk A f o/ ko kvk sa ds ekey s esa l j dkj } kj k
H ko u laca/kh lqf o /k k,Wa l h /ks m Ug ha dks n h t k;saxh u f d vkSj if j o kj
ds f dl h iq:"k l n L; dks A
¼10½ u xj h ; { k s= h ; iqu ok Zlu xj h ; { k s= h ; iqu ok Zlu xj h ; { k s= h ; iqu ok Zlu xj h ; { k s= h ; iqu ok Zl & uxj { ks= esa iqu okZl dk;ZØe
vUr xZr y kH kkf Uo r ksa ds f g r ksa dh j { kk ds l kF k **f cYM csV j * * ¼ 'build
better'½ds fl ) kUr ij l Hkh l kewf g d l qf o/ kkvksa l fg r f uekZ.k dh
;kst uk r S;kj dh t k;xh A ;kst u kvk sa ds dk ;kZUo ;u esa L F k kuh ;
f u dk ;ksa dh l g k;r k] L F ky p;u] f uj h {k .k] vuqJ o.k vkf n esa y h
t k ;xh A f ut h edk uksa ds ekey s esa xzkeh .k by k ds esa vi uk; s
t k uso ky h i)f r & ;F kk YkkH kkF khZ izsf j r (Beneficiary driven) f uek Z.k dk
vuql j .k f d;k t k;sxk A m l h i zdkj l g k;r k l kef xz;ksa dh xq.ko R r k
ds H kh f un s' ku] r du h dh i;Zo s{k .k bR ;kf n dh O;o L F kk H kh dj kbZ
t k ;xh A
¼11½ v k in k izf r j ks/ kh f uekZ. k r duh dhv k in k izf r j ks/ kh f uekZ. k r duh dhv k in k izf r j ks/ kh f uekZ. k r duh dhv k in k izf r j ks/ kh f uekZ. k r duh dh & l j dkj us f u.kZ;
f y ;k gS f d l k js f u t h ,oa y k sd Hk ou ksa dk iqu f uZekZ.k H kwd Ei
18
i zf r j ks/kh f M t kbZu ds vk /kkj i j vkSj H kf o "; esa ck< + dk l keuk dj us
ds n f "V dks .k l s f d;k t k ;xk A bl g sr q vki n k izf r j ks/kh r duh dh
dk m i;ksx] vko ' ;d r duh dh izf 'k {k .k] retrofitting dh dkj Zo kbZ]
vkSj u;h f uekZ.k r du h dh dk izp kj , o a l kef xz;ksa dh O ; o L F kk ,d
l aL F kkxr O;oL F kk ds ek /;e l s f d;k t k;xkA f uekZ.k ds l aca/k esa
vko ';d f uj h {k .k r F kk xq.k oR r k dk f u jh { k.k H kh l e;& l e; ij
dj ku s dh O;oL F k k dh t k ;xh A
¼12½ v kv kv kv k t h f o d kt h f o d kt h f o d kt h f o d k & iqu t h Zo u d s m ik ;& iqu t h Zo u d s m ik ;& iqu t h Zo u d s m ik ;& iqu t h Zo u d s m ik ;
i) vkin k ls i zHk kf or O;f D r ;ksa ds t h o u dk i qu:) kj , oa
i qut h Zo u] iquo kZl dk;Zdze ds eq[ ; mí s'; gSa A j kT; l j dkj } kj k
f o fH kUu izdkj dh vk f F kZd ;kst u kvksa dks y kxw f d;k t k ;sxk r k f d
dkj h xj ksa] m |f e;ksa ,o a Lo f u ;ksf t r O;f Dr ;ksa dks vf /k dr e y kH k f ey
l ds A M s;j h ] g S.M h dzkQ ~V] g Lr dj ? kk , oa N ksVs m |ksxk sa ds iqu t h Zou
g sr q vf /kdr e l e F k Zu fn ;k t k ;sxk A bl g sr q r S;kj u h f r essa
dk;Z'k h y iwat h ,o a vU; l qf o /k kvk sa dh O;oL F k k ,o a f oR r h; l aL F kk uksa
l s _.k dh O ;o LF kk dh t k,xh A
ii) vkt h f o dk iqu % izk j aH k dj us g sr q H kkj r l j dkj , oa
multilateral funding agencies l s f o Rr iks"k.k izkI r f d;k
t k ;sxk A o kf .k T; d cSadksa dk l f Ø ; ;ks xn ku H kh ;kst uk ds dk;Z dzek s a
ds f y , vf r vk o' ;d g S A Lo ;a l g k ;r k l ewg ksa ,o a dk j h xj k sa ds
19
dksS'k y m Uu ;u ,o a izf ' k+{ k.k dh O;o L F kk dh t k;s xh A Lo ;a l g k;r k
l ewg ksa ds ek/; e ls mUg sa l axf Br dj vko kl f uekZ.k dk ;k sZ e sa
y xk;k t k ;sxk r F kk Lo .kZt ;ar h xzke Loj k st xkj ;kst uk var xZr vkPN k fnr
dj mUur vkt h f odk dk yk Hk i gqWapk;k t k ;sxk A
iii) vYi dk yh u l g k;r k
f o R r h ; laL F k kuksa }k j k m iH kksx _ .k ¼consumption
loan½ vkSj vki n k l s i h f M +r _f .k;ksa ds ek eys esa o Rr Z ek u _.k ds
conversion dh O ;o L F kk] cqudj ,o a vk f VZt u ksa ds f y , l k exzh g srq
l g k;r k ds vy ko s o dZ' ksM dh O;o L F kk H kh dh t k;sxh A
iv) n h ? kZdk yh u ;kst u k
M s;j h iz{ ks= esa Lo;a l g k;r k l ewg ksa ,o a l g dkf jr k
l f ef r ;ksa ds xB u] chilling centres ds f uekZ.k ] M s;j h izksl sf lax dh
O;o L F kk] vkf V Zt u , o a cqudj ksa ds f y , g SaM ywe r F k k g SaM h ØkQ ~V i kdZ
dh L F kkiu k] f oi .ku dh O;o L F kk g sr q f o Lrr ;k st uk r S;kj dh
t k ;sxh A
¼13½ d f " k iz{ ks= d s d f " k iz{ ks= d s d f " k iz{ ks= d s d f " k iz{ ks= d s i qut h Zo u d k;ZØi qut h Zo u d k;ZØi qut h Zo u d k;ZØi qut h Zo u d k;ZØ e e e e
dksl h vk in k ls i zHkk f or byk ds esa xk n g V kus dh
dkj Zo kbZ] bu iqV vu q n ku ] lh Mf yax dh O;o L F kk bR ;k f n r qj ar dh
t k ;sxh A n h /kZdky h u j .kuh fr ds :i esa dksl h { ks= ds df "k f o dkl
ds f y , j k"V ªh ; Lr j dh laL F kk vksa ;F kk vkbZ-l h -, -vk j - d ks v/;;u
20
dj us , oa f odkl ;kst uk r S;kj dj us g sr q izksR l kf gr f d;k t k ;sxk A
{ ks= h ; Lr j ij lg j l k esa vof L F k r df "k eg k f o| y k; dk s l qn< +
f d;k t k;sxk A bl { ks= esa eR L; iky u dh laH kko uk vksa dks n s[kr s
g q, bl s f odfl r dj us g sr q fo f 'k"V ;kst uk rS;kj dh t k;sxh A df "k
{ ks= esa lay Xu l g dkj h l aL F k kvksa dks l qn<+ f d;k t ks;xk A
¼14½ v k/kk j H kwr l ajv k/kk j H kwr l ajv k/kk j H kwr l ajv k/kk j H kwr l aj pu k,¡pu k,¡pu k,¡pu k,¡
vkin k ls i zHk kf o r l H kh { ks= ksa esa r qj r vko kxeu
i quL F kk Zf ir dj us ds f y , i F kksa , oa iq y ksa dh ej Eer h dh t k ;sxh A
vkin k izf r j ks/k h r duh dh ds vu ql kj lqn <+h dj .k ,o a iqu t h Zo u ;k st uk
ds vu q:i u; s l M +dksa ds f uekZ.k ] f l apkbZ ug j ksa dk iqu :R F kku , oa
ej Eer h dj k;h t k;sxh A u;s fl js ls xzkeh .k by kds esa dj h c 2000
f d 0 eh 0 l M +dk sa dh ej Eer h , oa l qn<+h dj .k r F kk i qyk sa dk f uekZ.k
vxy s 2& 3 o "kksZ esa dj k ;k t k ;sxk A mD r dk;Z esa vf H k;a= .k
f o H kkxksa } kj k csg rj r F kk r h ozr j dk;kZUo ;u ,o a vu qJo.k O ;o LF kk ds
f y , f o H kkxksa ds { ker k f uekZ.k ,o a m Uu;u dh ;kst u k dk;kZf Uo r dh
t k ;sxh A xzekh .k l M +dk sa dk f uekZ.k vck/k :i l s py r k jgs
bl ds f y , ch 0vkj 0vkj 0M h 0,0 dk l qn <+h dj .k f d;k t k;s xk A
¼15½ ÅÅÅÅ t k Zt k Zt k Zt k Z
l j dk j } kj k lH kh l c LV s'ku ksa vkSj Å t kZ i z{ ks= l s
l acaf /kr y ksd l aif Rr ;ksa dh ej Eer h ,o a iqu t hZo u dj k;k t k;sxk A
21
e /;edky h u mi k; ds r kSj ij l H kh bf D o iesaV ~l ] V ªk al eh ' ku y kbZu
r F kk Vªk alQ k eZj dh cn y h dj k;h t k;sxh r kf d fl LV e esa l q/kkj y k;k
t k l ds vkSj l Qy r j h ds l s dk;Zj r g ks A ;s l H kh dk;Z vxy s
3& 4 o "kksZa es a iwj s f d, t k;asxs A
¼16½ y ksd Hk ouy ksd Hk ouy ksd Hk ouy ksd Hk ou
l j dk j } kj k l H kh dk;kZy ;ksa ,o a y k sd Hk ou ksa ;F kk
f o |k y ; ,oa vLir ky dh ej Eer h r F kk vko ' ;dr ku ql kj retrofitting
dj k;h t k;sxh A
j k T; ;kst u k@dsUn zh ; ;kst uk@Multilateral funding agencies@
f u t h { ks= dh l g k;r k l s iapk;r Hko u kas] g kbZ j k bt 'ksYV lZ] cattle
shelters bR ;kfn dk f uek Z.k f d;k t k ;sxk f t l esa vkin k izf r j ks/k
r duh d viuk ;h t k;sxh A
¼17½ t y ki wf R r Zt y ki wf R r Zt y ki wf R r Zt y ki wf R r Z
xzkeh .k by k dksa esa t y k iwf R R kZ fl LVe ds iqu :) kj dh
dk;Z;k st u k rqj r y h t k;sxh r kf d Lo LF k ,oa LoPN t y kiwf R rZ] { ks=
esa y ksxksa dks f ey l ds A e /;edky h u mik; ds :i esa uxj h ; { ks=
esa Lo PN ty vkiwf rZ dh O;oL F k k dh t k ;sxh vk Sj {kf rxzLr y ksd
l aif Ùk ;ksa dh ej Eer h ¼t Sl s V ;wccsy ] ek sV j iEi~l bR;k f n ½ dh t k;sxh
22
xzkeh .k Lr j i j ik uh LV ksj st dh O; OkL F kk] t y kiwf R rZ
u sVo dZ dh O;o L F kk ] o g r :i esa xz keh .k ,o a u xj h ; byk ds e sa ikb Zi
y kbZu f l LVe dh L F kkiu k] iaf iax ,o a dSf I Vo i Ei ~l t yk iwf R rZ f l LVe
dh O;o L F kk vxy s 2& 3 l k y esa dh tk;sxh A
¼18½ llll kkkk ekf t d , oa l keqn kf ;d f odklekf t d , oa l keqn kf ;d f odklekf t d , oa l keqn kf ;d f odklekf t d , oa l keqn kf ;d f odkl
dksl h vk in k l s i zH kkf o r { ks= esa l so kvksa r F kk l kek f t d
, oa l k eqn kf ;d i awt h ds iqu f uZekZ.k ds f y ,] Lo kL F ;] f 'k{ kk , oa
ef g y k f o dkl ds dk;ZØ ek sa dk s dk;k Zf U or f d;k t k;sxkA bu l H kh
dk;kZØ eksa es a Q k sdl ] f o' ks"k :i l s ef g yk vk sa i j g ksxk v kSj mu ds
l 'kD rh dj .k vkSj th f o dk ds iqu :)k j dsk izH kk oh cu k;k t k;sxk A
¼19½ Lo kL F ;Lo kL F ;Lo kL F ;Lo kL F ;
Lo kL F ; l aca/kh vk/kk j Hk wr l so kvk sa dks i qu% p ky w dj k;k
t k ,xk A vki n k ls ih fM +r vf /kdr j y ksxk sa ds f y , Lok LF ; l sok vk sa
dks f uj ar j :i l s p ky w j [k us dh vk o ' ;dr k iM +sxh A b l fy , bls
l qn <+ dj us dh H kh vko ';dr k g ksxh A vYidkf y d r kSj i j Lo kL F ;
, oa l Q kbZ] f 'k{ kk dk i zca/k] l keqn kf ;d izf ' k{ k.k vkf n dh O;o L F kk
dh t k, xh r kf d eg kekj h ug ha QSy s A f ty k ,oa vuqeaM y h ;
vLir ky k sa] iz k F kf ed Lo kL F ; dsUn zksa e sa csg r j lqf o/k k;sa y k;h t k;saxh
r k f d ej h t ksa dh c<+ r h gq;h l a[;k ds vuq:i O;o L F kk;sa g ksa A f o 'ks"k
:i l s f ty k vLir ky ksa esa xg u f pf dR l k d { kk dh O;o L F kk]
23
u ot kr f'k' kqvksa ds f y , xg u f p f dR l k d{ k dh O;o L F kk]
Nutritional Rehabilitation Centre dh O;o L F kk ] izkF kf ed Lo kL F ; dsUn zksa
r d i SF kksy kWf t dy ,o a j sf M ;ksy kWf t dy t kWap dh l qf o/ kk m iy C /k
dj ku k vkf n ' kkf ey g ksxk A ck < + izH kkf o r { ks= ksa esa iY l iksf y ;ks
dk;Z dze ds r g r , oa f u ;f er V h dkdj .k ds r g r f o 'ks"k pdz py kus
dh vko '; dr k g ksx h A l kF k g h deworming g sr q H kh d kj Zo kbZ dh
t k ;sxh A vk axu ok M +h ds Un zksa dks vk Sj l qn <+ f d;k t k;s xk v kSj uo t kr
f ' k'kqvk sa ,o a xH kZo r h ekr kvksa d s V h dk dj .k ,o a Lo kL F ; izf' k{ k.k dh
O;o LF kk dks vk Sj l qn<+ f d;k t k;s xk A
¼20½ f ' k{ kkf ' k{ kkf ' k{ kkf ' k{ kk
vkin k izH kkf o r { ks= k sa esa f ' k{ kk l aL F kkvksa dks iqu% dk; Zj r
cu kus dk dk;Z dze izk j aHk f d;k t k;sxk A Ldwy ksa dh ej E er h ] H ko u
ds iqu f uZekZ.k dks i zkF kf edr k n h t k;sxh A r duh dh l aL F kku ksa t Sl s
vkbZ -Vh - vkbZ -] ik Wf y V sdf u d bR ;kf n ds H ko uksa dh e j Eer h , oa
l qn <+h dj .k f d;k t k ;sxk r k f d dkS' ky m Uu ;u ds dk;Z dze bu dsUn zk sa
ds } kj k H kh f d;k t k l ds A
¼ 2 1½¼ 2 1½¼ 2 1½¼ 2 1½ i ap k;r h j kt l aL F k kvk sa dh l g H kkf xr ki ap k;r h j kt l aL F k kvk sa dh l g H kkf xr ki ap k;r h j kt l aL F k kvk sa dh l g H kkf xr ki ap k;r h j kt l aL F k kvk sa dh l g H kkf xr k
dksl h vkin k ls izH kkf o r { ks= ksa ,o a i quo kZl ,oa { kfr xzLr
vk/k kj H kwr l aj pu kvk sa ds f u ekZ.k esa iapk ;r h j kt l aLF kkvksa dk l g ;ksx
i zkI r f d;k t k ;sxk A
24
¼22½ ef g y k l 'kef g y k l 'kef g y k l 'kef g y k l 'k D rD rD rD r hhhh dj .kdj .kdj .kdj .k
i zf 'k{ k.k ] f ' k{ kk ,oa Income Generation dk;Z dyk iksa ds
} kj k efg y kvksa dh l ' kf Dr dj .k ;kst uk] i quo kZl ;kst u k ds eq[;
m ís' ; g ksaxs A g Lr dj ?k k , oa vU; vk f F kZd dk;Z dy ki ksa ds dk;Z ds
f y , f o 'ks"k :i l s ef g yk vksa dsk izf ' k { k.k dh O;o L F k k , o a l e F kZu
l j dk j } kj k f d;k t k;xk A Lo ;a l g k ;r k l ewg ksa ds xBu vkSj
m uds ek/;e l s cp r , oa _.k dh O;o L F kk bR ;kf n ij ;k st uk; sa
dk;kZf Uo r dh t k,Wax h A vk¡xu ckM +h d k;Z dr k Zvk sa] l kekf t d dk;Z dr k Zvk sa
ds ek/;e l s H kh ,o a xSj l j dk j h l aL F k kuksa ef gy k l k e[;k] ef g y k
f o dkl f uxe ,o a vU; [;kf r izkI r xSj &l j dkj h laL F k kvksa ds ek/;e
l s l kekf t d l sokv ksa ,o a ds Un zksa ds i quf uZekZ.k ds dk ;ZØ e py k;s
t k ,¡xs A
¼23½ i f j ;kst uk ds dk ;kZUo ;u g sr q l aL F kk xr O;o L F kk i f j ;kst uk ds dk ;kZUo ;u g sr q l aL F kk xr O;o L F kk i f j ;kst uk ds dk ;kZUo ;u g sr q l aL F kk xr O;o L F kk i f j ;kst uk ds dk ;kZUo ;u g sr q l aL F kk xr O;o L F kk
¼d ½ d ksl h i quo kZl , oa i quf uZek Z.k mPpLr j h ;d ksl h i quo kZl , oa i quf uZek Z.k mPpLr j h ;d ksl h i quo kZl , oa i quf uZek Z.k mPpLr j h ;d ksl h i quo kZl , oa i quf uZek Z.k mPpLr j h ; l f ef r l f ef r l f ef r l f ef r
i qufZu ZekZ.k ds f y , r S;kj dh xbZ dk;Z ;kst u k ,o a vU;
u h f r xr fu .kZ;ksa dh Lo h df r eq[; ea= h dh v/ ;{k r k esa xf Br ^ dksl h
i quo kZl ,oa i quf uZek Z.k m PpLr jh ; lf efr * } kj k n h t k;xh ] ft l esa mi
eq[;ea= h & l g &f o Ùk ea= h ds vyk os f u Eu kafdr ln L; H kh g ksaxs %&
25
ea= h ] xzkeh .k f odkl f o H kkx
ea= h ] df "k f o Hk kx
ea= h ] i 'kq ,o a eR L; lal k /ku f o H kkx
ea= h ] y ksd Lok L F ; vf H k;a= .k f o H kkx
ea= h ] u xj f odkl foH kk x
ea= h ] i apk;r h j k t foH kk x
ea= h ] m |ksx f o H kkx
ea= h ] Lo kL F ; f o H kkx
ea= h ] f ' k{ kk f o H kkx
ea= h ] l ekt dY;k.k f o H kkx
ea= h ] vuql wf pr t kf r ,o a t ut kf r dY;k .k f o Hk kx
ea= h ] f i NM +k o xZ ,o a vf r f iNM +k o xZ dY;k .k f o H kkx
ea= h ] vYil a[; d f o Hk kx
ea= h ] i F k f uekZ.k f oH kk x
ea= h ] xzkeh .k d k;Z f o H kkx
ea= h ] ;kst uk ,o a f odk l f o Hk kx
ea= h ] vki n k izca/k u f o H kkx
eq[; l f po ] f cg kj
f o dkl vk;qD r ] f cg kj
i z/kku l f po ] f o R r f o Hk kx
26
i z/kku l f po ] vkin k izca/ku f oHkk x
(ii) n ks f o 'ks"k K ] f t Ugsa r duh dh ] H kwdai ,o a f u ekZ.k iz{ ks= esa
[;k f r izkI r g ks A
(iii) vkin k izca/k u izk f /kdkj ds l n L;x.k A
(iv) l acaf /kr f oH kkxk sa ds iz/k ku l f po @lf po] vk eaf = r ln L; g kssaxs A
i z/kku l f po @l f po ] ;kst uk ,oa f o dkl f o H kkx bl l f ef r ds l n L; lf po
g k saxsA
mi ;qZDr l f ef r } kj k u h fr f u/kk Zj .k r F kk var f oZH kkxh ; l eUo ; ds
f o Unqvksa i j ekx Zn ' kZu ,o a l eh { kk ds vk/k kj ij vk o' ;d ;k st uk i f j o R rZu
bR ;kf n dk funs' k fn ;k t k l dsxk A
¼ [k½¼ [k½¼ [k½¼ [k½ ; kst u k l w= .k , o a l al k/k u; kst u k l w= .k , o a l al k/k u; kst u k l w= .k , o a l al k/k u; kst u k l w= .k , o a l al k/k u&
;kst uk dk l w= .k ;k st uk ,o a f o dkl f oH kk x } k j k fodkl
vk;qD r ds ek xZn ' kZu esa f d;k t k;s xk A f o H kkx f dl h f o R r h ; o "kZ
esa iqu ok Zl ,oa i quf uZekZ.k ;k st uk ds f y , f of H kUu L= ksr ksa ls j kf ' k dh
m iy C /kr k dk vk dy u dj sxk ,o a miy C /k l al k /ku ds f o :)
f o fH kUu iz{ ks= ksa esa ;ks t ukvksa ds l w= .k dh dkj Zo kbZ dj sxk vkSj m l ij
m Pp Lr j h ; lf ef r dk vuqeksn u i zkI r dj sxk A
¼ x½¼ x½¼ x½¼ x½ d ksl h i quo kZl d ksl h i quo kZl d ksl h i quo kZl d ksl h i quo kZl , oa i quf u Zek Z.k, oa i quf u Zek Z.k, oa i quf u Zek Z.k, oa i quf u Zek Z.k ;k st uk i zkf /kd r l f efr;k st uk i zkf /kd r l f efr;k st uk i zkf /kd r l f efr;k st uk i zkf /kd r l f efr
dk sl h iquo kZl , oa iqu f uZekZ.k dh l Hk h ;kst u kvksa dh Loh df r
u oxf B r izkf /k dr l f ef r } kj k n h t k ,xh A m D r l f efr esa iz/ kku
27
l f po ] fo R r f o Hk kx@ vij f oR r vk;qD r ] iz/ kku l fpo @l f po ]
vkin k izca/ku f o H kkx , oa iz/kk u l f po @l f po ] ;kst uk ,o a f o dkl
r F kk lacaf /k r f oH kk x ds i z/kku l f po @l f po l n L; g ksaxs A f o dkl
vk;qD r dh v/;{ kr k esa xf Br l f ef r dks l g ;ksx ds f y , f o 'ks"k K ksa
dks vkeaf = r f d;k t k l dsxk A
i zkf /kdr l f ef r dh vuq' kal k ds ckn f o Hk kx } kj k
f u /kkZf j r izf dz;k ,o a izR ;k;ksf t r 'k f Dr ;ksa ds vuq:i L oh dR ;kn s'k
f u xZr f d;k t k, xk A bl g n r d dk sl h i quo kZl ,o a iqu f uZekZ.k
l aca/kh ;kst ukvksa dh Lo h df r ds f y , f oH kkxk sa dks f oR r h ; 'kf D r ;ksa
dk izR ;k;kst u l a' kksf /k r ek uk t k, xk A
l acaf /kr f oH kkxksa } kjk vi us f o H kkx ds ct V i zko /kku ls
;k eq[;ea= h j kg r dks"k] f cg kj Q kmaMs'ku l s i zkI r j k f'k ls Lo h dr
dk;ZØ e ds vuql kj l aj puk vksa dk l t u f d;k t k l dsxk A eq[;e aa= h
j k g r dks"k ;k f cg kj Q kmaM s' ku ls f of' k"V ;kst u kvksa d s f y , izkI r
j k f 'k l s] dk;kZ Uo ;u ,t sUl h ds :i esa] l acaf / kr fo Hk kx } kj k ;kst u k,¡
dk;kZf Uo r dh t k l dsaxh A if j ;k st uk dk dk ;kZ Uo ; u l acaf /kr
f o H kkxksa dh o rZeku O;oL F kk l s dj k;k t k,xk A
;kst ukvksa dk ek f l d vuqJo .k m i;qZD r xf Br izkf /k dr
l f ef r } kj k f d;k t k ;sxk A
28
¼? k½ f t y k Lrj i j izH kk j h ea= h dh v/;{ k r k esa ^ dksl h
i quo kZl ,oa i quf uZekZ.k ;kst uk f ty k vuqJo .k l f ef r * dk xB u f d;k
t k ;sxk f t l esa l acaf /kr { ks= h ; l kal n ] fo /kk;d ] i k"k Zn ] ekU ;r k izkI r
j k t uhf r n y ds izf r fu f/k] f t y k ifj "kn ~ v/;{ k] uxj i "kZn ds
v/;{ k ,o a l acaf / kr dk ;k Z Uo ;u f o H kkxksa ds f t y k Lr j h ; in kf /kdkj h
, oa mi f o dkl vk;qDr l n L; jg saxs A f t y k in kf /kdkj h bl l f ef r
ds l a;kst d g ksaxs A