Ionic & Molecular Compounds Metals, Nonmetals & Metalloids Susan Baird Dori Delaney Cindy Rothwell.

Ionic & Molecular Compounds


Metals, Nonmetals & MetalloidsSusan Baird

Dori Delaney

Cindy Rothwell


Metals, Nonmetals & Metalloids

If you examine the periodic table you will discover that the elements are classified as metals, nonmetals or metalloids.

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The metals are all the elements on the left side of the periodic table except for hydrogen.

On this periodic table the metals are coloured yellow.

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Properties of Metals:Metals are highly reflective (shiny).

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Properties of Metals:Metals are highly reflective (shiny). Metals can be hammered into shapes (malleable) and drawn into wires (ductile) without cracking.

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Photo Courtesy of Paresh Wire Traders




Properties of Metals:Metals are highly reflective (shiny). Metals can be hammered into shapes (malleable) and drawn into wires (ductile) without cracking.Most metals are good conductors of heat and electricity.

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Metals can lose all of their valence electrons to form positive ions called cations.

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The nonmetals are all of the elements on the right side of the periodic table plus hydrogen.

The nonmetals are coloured green on this periodic table.

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Properties of Nonmetals:

Solid nonmetals have crystal structures that are brittle so they cannot be drawn into wires or hammered into shapes.

Photo Courtesy of Bradley Gough Diamonds

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Properties of Nonmetals:Solid nonmetals have crystal structures that are brittle so they cannot be drawn into wires or hammered into shapes.Nonmetals are insulators (poor conductors of electricity).

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Properties of NonmetalsSolid nonmetals have crystal structures that are brittle so they cannot be drawn into wires or hammered into shapes.Nonmetals are insulators (poor conductors of electricity).Nonmetals are less dense than metals.

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Nonmetals gain electrons to fill their outer valence shells.When the nonmetals gain electrons they form negative ions called anions.

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Metalloids are found on the periodic table between the metals and the nonmetals.

Metalloids are coloured purple on this periodic table.

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Properties of the Metalloids

Metalloids have properties that are intermediate between the metals and nonmetals

Metalloids are semiconductors and are used extensively in memory chips

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The metalloids can gain or lose electrons to gain a full valence shell of electrons.

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Why is it important to know if an element is a metal or a nonmetal?

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Why is it important to know if an element is a metal or a nonmetal?

If a compound contains a metal and a nonmetal the bonding is ionic.

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Why is it important to know if an element is a metal or a nonmetal?If a compound contains a metal and a nonmetal the bonding is ionic.If a compound contains only nonmetals then the bonding is covalent.

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What kind of bonding is present in NaCl?

Na is a metal NaCl. (Courtesy of OCW.)

Cl is a nonmetal

Therefore the bonding is ionic.Return to Home Page



What kind of bonding is present in CO2?

Carbon is a nonmetal.Oxygen is a nonmetal.Therefore the bonding is covalent.

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What kind of bonding is present in the following substances?

CCl4Li2O

N2OH2 Answers are on the next page.

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CCl4 Both C and Cl are nonmetals so covalent bonding is present

Li2O Li is a metal and O is a nonmetal so the bonding is Ionic

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N2O Both N and O are nonmetals so the bonding is covalent.

H2 Both hydrogen atoms are nonmetals so the bonding is covalent.

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More information on ionic bonding can be found on the ionic bonding page

More information on covalent bonding can be found on the covalent bonding page.

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Ionic & Molecular Compounds Metals, Nonmetals & Metalloids Susan Baird Dori Delaney Cindy Rothwell.

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Transcript of Ionic & Molecular Compounds Metals, Nonmetals & Metalloids Susan Baird Dori Delaney Cindy Rothwell.