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Integrating CAD Data with ArcGIS
Agenda
• An Overview of CAD Drawings• CAD Data Structure in ArcGIS• Visualization• Georeferencing• Data Conversion• ArcGIS for AutoCAD• Q & A
CAD Drawings - Overview
• Widely used vector based spatial data format• Standard format for many organizations• Extensive 2D and 3D geometry support• Entity attribution capabilities• Multi-disciplinary usage
–Engineering, Surveying, Architecture
CAD Integration Scenarios
• Cartography– CAD layers serve as map elements (focus or background)
• Database Integration– CAD feature attributes link with other databases
• Spatial Analysis– CAD feature classes interact with other GIS layers
• Editing– CAD features serve as reference for new features, snapping
• Conversion– CAD feature classes exported into GIS formats (and vice versa)
CAD Drawing Formats and Versions
• ArcGIS supports the two most common CAD file formats– AutoCAD DWG/DXF– MicroStation DGN
• Supported file versions:– DWG/DXF – AutoCAD Release 12 through AutoCAD 2009– DGN – MicroStation 5.x through MicroStation V8
ArcGIS Direct Read Capabilities
• CAD Direct Read – Built In– ArcCatalog– ArcMap– ArcScene and ArcGlobe(to see 3D view of CAD data)
• Core technology• Available at all ArcGIS license levels• No conversion required• No extensions required
– Data Interoperability
CAD Data Model in ArcGIS
CAD data is comprised of:
Geometry Attributes
Coordinate System/Projection World File
CAD entity geometry is represented as GIS feature geometry
CAD data can be projected to overlay with other GIS layers
CAD drawings can be transformed from local coordinates to real-world location
CAD properties and database links are transferred to attribute tables
ABC
CAD Data Structure in ArcGIS
• Viewable as separate feature classes and as a drawing dataset
• CAD feature classes vs. CAD drawing datasets
Parcels.dgn
Annotation
Multipatch
Parcels.dgn
Point
Polygon
Polyline
Parcels.prj
Text, tags and attribute definitions
Polygons and surfaces used for 3D representation
Drawing dataset represents the entire CAD file as a single layer
Points, blocks and cells
Lines, polylines, curves and arcs
Closed areas such as polygons, ellipses and circles
Projection files define a coordinate system for a CAD dataset. They are recommended but not required.
CAD Data Visualization
• Feature and annotation rendering• Directly reads CAD defined properties
CAD Feature Rendering
• Previous design – ArcGIS 9.1 and earlier
– Only continuous lines in a single color– Default font is Arial
• New design – ArcGIS 9.2 and 9.3– Linetypes preserved– Color definitions assigned by RGB
values– Lineweights and linetypes rendered automatically
– Text properties such as bold, italicized and orientation maintained
– True type fonts transfer seamlessly
ESRI-CAD Style
• DGN and DWG categories• Additional symbols can be added• More symbols to come in future releases
Georeferencing – Defining Spatial Reference
• Coordinate systems and projection files• Transformations and world files
Assigning Spatial Reference to CAD Data
• Coordinate Systems– Initial use of CAD drawings in ArcGIS will not have coordinate
system defined– Can select, create or import from another
dataset– Not required, but recommended
• Projection Files– Assigns coordinate system to CAD files– Created in ArcCatalog
• CAD Feature Dataset Properties dialog• Save as .prj file with same name and in
same folder location as CAD file– Can be copied and reused for other CAD
drawings
CAD Transformations
• Two-point similarity transformation method– Scale, Rotate, and Translate– Aspect ratio always maintained– Cannot skew or ‘rubber sheet’ CAD drawing
• Transformation managed by .wld files– World file must use CAD file name– Must also reside in same folder
• Usage– CAD drawings that are created in “paper space” – CAD drawings that do not have a known coordinate system
Transformation Tools
• Transformations tab– Located in the CAD feature Layer Properties dialog– Type in coordinates to define transformation– Apply scale factor and rotation angle by value
Transformation Tools Continued
• Georeferencing Toolbar– Interactively move CAD layer and create control points in ArcMap
Universal Projection and World Files
• Universal Projection File– ESRI_CAD.PRJ– Applies same coordinate system to all CAD files in a workspace
• Universal World File– ESRI_CAD.WLD– Applies identical transformation to all CAD files in a workspace– Useful for set of tiled CAD drawings
Data Conversion: CAD to GIS
• Converting CAD drawings to Geodatabase feature classes
CAD ArcGIS
• Update existing Geodatabases– New as-built information– Geometry (linework) from recent survey
• New Geodatabase based on CAD data sources– Tiled CAD drawings combined to create a seamless dataset– Supporting database
• Editing– Topology– Edge matching; Rubber sheeting
• Advanced cartographic symbolization– Representations; Maplex
Why Convert CAD Data?
Common Geoprocessing Tools for Import
Reformats the CAD data into predefined highly normalized tables and feature classesImport from CAD
Turns tiled CAD files into a single feature classMerge
Used in Model Builder only to select child data elements Select Data
Similar to Make Feature Layer but creates output on diskSelect
Temporary files with field control (Selections)Make Feature Layer
CAD text to GIS annotation feature classesImport CAD Annotation
Similar to Copy Features except includes a query builderFeature Class to Feature Class
Simple way to convert CAD feature classCopy Features
Conversion Methods
• Export Data– Quick way to convert CAD data– Output data container not required
• Copy and Paste in Edit Session– Copy features from CAD feature class– Paste features into existing GDB feature class or shapefile
• Feature Class to Feature Class– Wizard-driven tool– Ability to query/select features for conversion
• Import from CAD and Import CAD Annotation– Support advanced translation workflows
Preparing CAD Data for ArcGIS
• Organize and name layers/levels
• Create data with real-world coordinates
• Use blocks/cells for attributing objects– i.e., points inside polygons or closed polyline areas
• Separate cartographic objects– i.e., title, blocks, legends from geometry
• Use group cells or blocks selectively – Consider exploding process and cell/block origin
• Use entities/elements currently supported by ArcGIS– List of supported CAD entities available in ArcGIS Desktop Help– Avoid use of splines when digitizing in CAD
Converting CAD Point Data to ArcGIS
• Point definition in CAD vs. GIS– Line with zero length– Block/Cell– Marker symbol
• Grabbing point data from blocks/cells – Where is the cell origin?– Where is the block insertion point?– Where will the marker symbol appear, i.e. data
shift?
• Extraneous point data– Insertion points for group blocks/cells– Duplicate information– Assign attributes
• Points inside polygons or closed polyline areas
Converting CAD Line Data to ArcGIS
• Polyline definition in CAD vs. GIS– CAD:
• Line has two vertices• Polyline has three or more vertices
– GIS:• Polyline includes all line-types
• Closed polylines– Duplicates polygon feature class
• Splines and B-Splines
Converting CAD Polygon Data to ArcGIS
• Polygon definition in CAD vs. GIS– CAD:
• Polygon has minimum of four vertices• Last vertex must be in same location as first
vertex, i.e. manually closed– GIS:
• Polygon has a minimum of three vertices• Automatically closed
• Examples of Polygon Data– Closed polylines
• Duplicates polyline feature class– Hatch/Fill– 2D and 3D objects
• Faces• Shapes
– Solids– Surfaces
Considerations for 3D CAD Data
• PolylineZ– Consistent z-values– Spikes
• PolygonZ– Closed polyline with z-value– Shape– Solid– Extrusion necessary?
• Multipatch– Solid – Textured surface– Feature outline
Data Conversion: GIS to CAD
• Converting Geodatabase feature classes to CAD data
ArcGIS CAD
Exporting GIS to CAD Formats
• Provides interoperability between GIS and CAD software– ‘Roundtrip’ workflow
• Enables GIS users to create CAD drawings without having CAD software
• Allows GIS users to generate data in standard CAD formats– AutoCAD DWG/DXF– MicroStation DGN
• User defined attribution and symbology– Seed files
Seed Files for CAD Conversion
• Blank template used to define a new file
• Provides additional control for CAD drawing creation– Symbology; Geometry; Layer/level structure
• CAD standards
• Used to control Blocks or Cell definitions in Export to CAD
• MicroStation requires seed file for design file creation– Design plane, appropriate dimensions, units and origin, 2D or 3D
Mapping Specification for DWG (MSD)
• Open source framework • Developed by ESRI• Codes information in DWGs
– GIS feature classes + attributes– Coordinate systems
• Utilizes CAD standards to define schema and store data
• Leveraged by ArcGIS CAD tools at 9.3– CAD direct read/import tools– Export to CAD
• Provides improved interoperability between CAD and GIS
• Available in the ArcGIS Online Help system:– http://webhelp.esri.com/arcgisdesktop/9.3/index
cfm?TopicName=CAD_data_organization
Mapping Specification for DWG: Export to CAD
Source Geodatabase
Export
Output DWG pre-9.3
Output DWG at 9.3
MSD Feature Class Tools
New feature class name and type
Specify CAD properties
Use property selectors
Define schema and default values
ArcGIS for AutoCAD
• Free ArcGIS Server based product• Runs on AutoCAD 2007 and 2008 based products including
Autodesk Map 3D, Civil, Land Desktop– AutoCAD LT not supported
• Direct access to GIS data within AutoCAD
ArcGIS for AutoCAD Product Overview
• Free – download available (http://www.esri.com/software/arcgis/arcgis-for-autocad/index.html)
• Simple plug-in to AutoCAD
• Allows ArcGIS Server map services to be accessed and displayed inside AutoCAD
• Key Features– Map service display management– Identify, copy and paste attributes to clipboard– Assign, clear or export coordinate system definition of the CAD
drawing
• Lays the groundwork for additional functionality
ArcGIS for AutoCAD Process
Map services directly accessible within
AutoCAD
GIS Server
Map Services
Internet
ArcGIS for AutoCAD
Resources and Training
• ArcGIS Desktop Help (Check Online for Updates!)
• New Instructor-Led Training !• Working with CAD Data in ArcGIS Desktop
• Live Training Seminars• Working with CAD Data in ArcGIS 9.2• Geoprocessing CAD Data with ArcGIS• Authoring and Publishing Optimized Map Services
• Sample Drafting Toolbar (BETA)• Check it out and give us feedback!
Resources and Training