Information Immune Systems - UNM Computer Science - University
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Genetic Programming and Evolvable Machines, 4, 311±331, 2003 # 2003 Kluwer Academic Publishers. Manufactured in The Netherlands. Information Immune Systems DENNIS L. CHAO [email protected] STEPHANIE FORREST [email protected] Department of Computer Science, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, U.S.A. Submitted November 1, 2002; Revised March 8, 2003 Abstract. The concept of an information immune system (IIS) is introduced, in which undesirable information is eliminated before it can reach the user. The IIS is inspired by the natural immune systems that protect us from pathogens. IISs from multiple individuals can be combined to form a group IIS which filters out information undesirable to any of the members. The relationship between our proposed IIS architecture and the natural immune system is outlined, and potential applications, including information filtering, interactive design, and collaborative design, are discussed. Keywords: artificial immune systems, collaborative design, collaborative filtering, evolutionary art, information filtering 1. Introduction Information overload is inevitable in a world that produces over an exabyte (one billion gigabytes) of information per year [38]. We will produce and consume increasingly large amounts of information, so we must find innovative ways to manage it. Although the finding and managing of information are both active research areas, much of the effort is directed towards active strategies such as information retrieval. These techniques might help individuals locate desirable information, but they also accelerate the information glut. In this paper, we outline the features of an information immune system (IIS), 1 first described in [10], that could help people deal with the glut of data. The principle contribution of the paper is the expanded and more complete description of this conceptual framework, parts of which are illustrated by two working examples. We draw inspiration from natural immune systems which protect us from a seemingly limitless number of possible invaders such as bacteria, viruses, and parasites. We believe that an IIS can be constructed which eliminates undesired information using methods analogous to those found in nature. Such an IIS would be situated between an individual and a stream of information, as a mediator. Instead of actively bringing more pieces of information to our attention, it would quietly censor unwanted data. An IIS should be capable of learning what kinds of information a user wants and discarding the rest. The task of distinguishing what is desirable is a difficult one, however. We propose adapting a strategy used by our natural immune systems, which can ``remember'' a pathogen that infects us so it can eliminate it more quickly in future encounters. An IIS could do this by storing examples of rejected
Transcript of Information Immune Systems - UNM Computer Science - University
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