HPMP SUSTAINABLE APPROACH UNIDO approach for the HPMP Main Meeting of OzonAction Networks from...

HPMP

SUSTAINABLE APPROACH

UNIDO approach for the HPMP Main Meeting of OzonAction Networks from Mexico, Central and South

America and the Caribbean.Trinidad & Tobago 4 to 7 Oct 2011

OUTLINE

PREFACE

1. ALTERNATIVES TO REPLACE THE COMMON HCFCs

2. MAIN HCFCs USES IN LATINAMERICA AND CARIBBEAN

3. HCFC-22: ACTUAL STATUS

4. HCFC-22: HOW TO REDUCE CONSUMPTION

5. RECLAIM: ALTERNATIVE TO REDUCE CONSUMPTION

6. HCFC-141b: ACTUAL STATUS

7. HCFC-141b: ALTERNATIVES TO REDUCE CONSUMPTION

CONCLUSIONS

PREFACE

REFRIGERANT IS NOT TO BE BLAMED.

OBJECTIVE: Eliminate the use of CFCs and HCFCs, could also mean using the

refrigerant properly to reduce their consumption.

Refrigerant is very expensive and we use it once and throw it away or plan to

destroy, something like the consumer society applied to the refrigerants

1. ALTERNATIVES TO REPLACE THE HCFCs

1. Replacement refrigerants (Drop-in with alternative refrigerant): eg. HFC, HC

2. Renewal of existing equipment (Retrofitting)

3. New refrigerants:

HFOs and HFCs (R407a, R410a, R422a, R422d, R417A, R32, HFO1234yf ...)

Natural (R290, R290/R600, R717, R744)

None of these alternatives is included in this presentation

Where possible UNIDO promotes natural refrigerants, while making the

transition must take into account the concept of proper management

2. MAIN HCFCs USES IN THE LATINAMERICA AND CARIBBEAN

HCFC-22 ODP (ODP) = 0.055 (CFC-11 = 1) GWP (GWP) = 1810 (CO2 = 1)

Main applications:Air conditioning, chillers (7 to 700kW), commercial refrigeration, condensing units, fisheries, boats in general, transport and others.

HCFC-141b

ODP (PAO)= 0.11 (CFC-11=1) GWP (PCG)=725 (CO2=1)

Main applications:

Blowing agent used for de polyuretane foam.

Solvent used for flushing refrigeration systems during service

No awareness and good practice.

The concept was created and is generally used for R-12

Because of its low ODP were not assimilated into National plans

It was promoted as an alternative to R-12 without regard to their suitability

Vented for repairs and maintenance

It is still available at low prices, the market was flooded due to the perverse

incentive.

3. HCFC-22: ACTUAL STATUS

4.HCFC-22: ALTERNATIVES TO REDUCE CONSUMPTION

Economic incentive (saving = income)

Reuse the refrigerant

Recycling: in situ / sent to the existing network

Promotion of virgin refrigerant savings through recycling and reuse

with their economic advantage

Courses focused on proper handling of refrigerant in large consumer

savings, commercial refrigeration, large installers, hotels, ships,

chiller, etc ...

Reclaim interesting concept…

4.HCFC-22: HOW TO REDUCE CONSUMPTION

OBJECTIVE: NO VENTING THE REFRIGERANT, NO OPENING THE VALVE

Recover all the refrigerant transfer cylinders (liquid transfer pump)

Recover the remaining refrigerant (machine recovered)

Recycle the refrigerant while doing the service (filter kit)

Apply good refrigeration practices (using the adecuate tools)

Recharging the refrigerant the shortfall. This not mixture!

RESULT: the refrigerant in good condition can be reused reducing consummption

CONCRETE STEPS (I) - HEAVY-Service site

4.HCFC-22: ALTERNATIVES TO REDUCE CONSUMPTIONTools for high volume installations

Liquid transfer pump for refrigerants

Cost ca. US$ 4,500

Recovery machine for refrigerant

Cost ca. US$ 500

Set to recycle and separate oil from the refrigerant

Cost ca. US$ 300

4.HCFC-22: ALTERNATIVES TO REDUCE CONSUMPTION

Good practices training focused in the need and use of large consumers. Review

actual consumption and find how much can be saved changing the concept?

Recycling services in place if feasible (cylinders and equipment for

recovery and recycling)

Take advantage of the R&R network if you can not do directly

Reclaim: economically efficient and viable solution, create the

infrastructure for reclaim depending on conditions and needs

CONCRETE STEPS (II) – General Service Aplications

4.HCFC-22: ALTERNATIVAS PARA REDUCIR CONSUMO

Pilot project was implemented with this concept in Margarita Island in

Venezuela, some results:

Year 2009 R-22: 100kg recovered and reused; R-134 rd: 475kg recovered,

reused 350kg; even with R-404: 49 kg recovered, reused 37kg

Application: Recycling in situ using appropriate tools (cylinders and

equipment recovery and recycling)

Without using the recovery and recycling network in Venezuela in 2010 was

recycled about 70 tons of R-22 in different service shops, not big consumers

RESULTS OBTENIED IN DIFFERENT CASES

4.HCFC-22: ALTERNATIVAS PARA REDUCIR CONSUMO

COSTS & POTENTIAL SAVINGS

A kilo of virgin HCFC-22 costs approx. $ 8

A home air-conditioned has ca. 1 kilo and a type 'split ducted' 3.25kg on average in both cases and can be recycled and reused. Cost of refrigerant = 0 saving 100%

A chiller can have 100kg of R-22 refrigerant value of new $ 800, whether to replace the 20% paid $ 160.

Reclaim the refrigerant has a cost, assuming that the service is paid $ 4 per kilo, the net savings is 50%. (covers transportation costs). If just service is provided.

Reclaimer buys at US$ 2/kg and sells reclaimed at ca. US$ 6/kg, virgin cost US$ 10


RECLAIM a good concept to save refrigerant

Reclaim is the chemical process by which impurities are removed

AHRI Certification Air Conditioning, Heating and Refrigeration Institute

AHRI 700 - 2006 revised 2008

Establish test procedures for determining the quality of new or reclaimed refrigerants for use in refrigeration and air conditioning whether used or new.


CERTIFICACION AHRI: All reclaimed refrigerant must undergo tests: Gas mixing must be incinerated.

1. Acidity: Acid attacks the seals of the systems. Deteriorate inside the storage cylinders.

2. Humidity: Refrigerant high moisture can cause clogging of lines due to the formation of ice affects the heat transfer.

3. Waste high boiling point (oil): High content of non condensable affects the compressibility of the refrigerant, causing high pressures in the system.


4. Chlorine: Coolant high chlorine level will produce a system with acidic conditions due to the production of HCl.

5. Condensable gases (air): It creates inefficiency in the system. Oil causes formation of additional substances in the system.

6. Purity: mixture of refrigerants not produce the same conditions as pure gas. Gas chromatograph.


Reclaiming machines LV

Meets all EPA certification requirements

Manufactured to customer’s specifications with options to handle different refrigerants including R12, R22, R407c, R410a… and many more

1 HP Hermetic compressor

Reclaim capacity: 1.4 kgs. Liquid per minute. Vapour slightly less.

On board storage capacity: 14 Kgs.


Reclaiming machines JV







Reclaiming machines BV






5. RECLAIM: ALTERNATIVE TO REDUCE CONSUMPTIONReclaiming machines HSR

New industrial size recovery unit.

Pumps liquid and vapour. Recovers R410a, R407c, R404a and other alternates.

3 HP Rotary compressor


Oversized condenser

Ideal for production line or in plant use.

6. HCFC-141b: SITUACIÓN ACTUAL

Used as a solvent for cleaning equipment

Vented 100%, used once, which generates costs and

consumption

"We cleaning the system and get dirty

the environment “

6. HCFC-141b: ALTERNATIVES TO REDUCE CONSUMPTION

Equipment for cleaning solvent or circuits using HCFC-141b as a cleaning agent.

Efficiency> 96%. Cost approx. US$ 300 It has solvent pump with 100% yield

It can be manufactured locally pump Reuse of R-141b to 40-50 times Other alternatives, solvents with low boiling

Flushing unit

7. CONCLUSIONES

Reducing emissions of ODS The reduced consumption of pure refrigerant is achieved not only with

alternatives, if we already have refrigerant saquémosle the most The development of a refrigerant involved investments of millions and we

sold after one use that can be recycled Cost savings, environmental seal service With proper use of refrigerant consumption is reduced The service includes recycling is more expensive, but cheaper than that

required to add coolant. Good for the installer, user and environment. Win - win.

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Thanks for your attention

Rodrigo SerpaIndustrial Development OfficerMontreal Protocol Branch UNIDO

[email protected] www.unido.org

Tel: +43 1 26026 3320

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mailto:[email protected]

http://www.unido.org/

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