Handbook for the Montreal Protocol on Substances …...Foreword The Montreal Protocol on Substances...

918
Twelfth edition (2018) Handbook for the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer Ozone Secretariat

Transcript of Handbook for the Montreal Protocol on Substances …...Foreword The Montreal Protocol on Substances...

  • Twelfth edition (2018)

    Handbookfor theMontreal Protocolon Substancesthat Deplete theOzone Layer

    Ozone Secretariat

  • Handbook for the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer Twelfth edition (2018)

    Ozone Secretariat

  • Twelfth edition (2018)

    Handbookfor theMontreal Protocolon Substancesthat Deplete theOzone Layer

  • Published 2018 by:Ozone SecretariatThe Secretariat for the Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer and for the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone LayerUnited Nations Environment Programme Nairobi, Kenyaozone.unep.org [email protected]

    ISBN: 978-9966-076-33-5

    Design, layout and formatting: Andrea Wöhr, Annett Frey Freiburg in Breisgau, Germany

  • Foreword

    The Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer is the most successful global environmental agreement in history. Along with the Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer, it is the most universally ratified multilateral environmental agreement. This comprehensive handbook outlines all amendments and decisions of the parties, to support effective implementation of the Montreal Protocol.

    The Montreal Protocol has been successful because of the efforts of many. The heroic efforts of nations and scientists have been complemented by the determined action of companies and citizens. Science has identified the problem and governments have stepped up regulations. Companies and citizens have played their part, changing products, and becoming more conscious of buying habits.

    In 2018, NASA scientists provided direct proof that the ozone layer is healing. More than 99 percent of ozone-depleting substances have been phased out. As UN Secretary-General António Guterres has noted, our efforts have saved millions of people from skin cancer and cataracts each year. The global economy will save US$2 trillion by 2050.

    Global efforts to protect the climate and ozone layer received a boost with the ratification and coming into force of the Kigali Amendment. This is the next step in our battle to secure planet earth. Hydrofluorocarbons which have been used as replacements for many ozone-depleting substances threaten to derail the gains of the Montreal Protocol. These gases will be now phased down under the Kigali Amendment.

    I hope that this handbook will be a useful tool for the many ozone heroes around the world that are at the frontline of addressing one of the biggest environmental challenges of our times.

    Erik SolheimExecutive Director UN Environment

    v

  • Contents

    Introduction�� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �xvii

    Section 1 The Montreal Protocol� 1

    Section 1.1 The Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer� 2

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    vii

  • Section 1.2 Summary of control measures under the Montreal Protocol� 35

    Annex A – Group I: Chlorofluorocarbons (CFC-11, CFC-12, CFC-113, CFC-114 and CFC-115)�� � � � � � � � � � � 35Annex A – Group II: Halons (halon-1211, halon-1301 and halon-2402)�� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 36Annex B – Group I: Other fully halogenated CFCs (CFC-13, CFC-111, CFC-112, CFC-211, CFC-212,

    CFC-213, CFC-214, CFC-215, CFC-216, CFC-217)�� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 37Annex B – Group II: Carbon tetrachloride� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 38Annex B – Group III: 1,1,1-trichloroethane (methyl chloroform)�� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 39Annex C – Group I: HCFCs�� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �40Annex C – Group I: HCFCs � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �41Annex C – Group II: HBFCs�� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 42Annex C – Group III: Bromochloromethane� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 42Annex E – Group I: Methyl bromide�� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 43Annex F: Hydrofluorocarbons�� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �44

    Section 1.3 Allowance for production to meet the basic domestic needs of Article 5 parties following the Montreal Adjustments in 2007� 45

    Annex A – Group I: CFCs�� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 45Annex A – Group II: Halons�� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �46Annex B – Group I: Other fully halogenated CFCs�� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �46Annex B – Group II: Carbon tetrachloride� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �46Annex B – Group III: 1,1,1-trichloroethane (methyl chloroform)�� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 47Annex C – Group I: HCFCs�� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 47Annex E – Group I: Methyl bromide�� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 47

    Section 2 Decisions of the Meetings of the Parties to the Montreal Protocol� 49

    Section 2.1 Index to the decisions by meeting� 50

    First Meeting of the Parties (Helsinki, 2–5 May 1989)� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 50Second Meeting of the Parties (London, 27–29 June 1990)�� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �51Third Meeting of the Parties (Nairobi, 19–21 June 1991)�� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 52Fourth Meeting of the Parties (Copenhagen, 23–25 November 1992)�� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 53Fifth Meeting of the Parties (Bangkok, 17–19 November 1993)�� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 54Sixth Meeting of the Parties (Nairobi, 6–7 October 1994)�� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 56Seventh Meeting of the Parties (Vienna, 5–7 December 1995)�� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 57Eighth Meeting of the Parties (San José, 25–27 November 1996)�� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 58Ninth Meeting of the Parties (Montreal, 15–17 September 1997)�� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 60Tenth Meeting of the Parties (Cairo, 23–24 November 1998)�� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 62Eleventh Meeting of the Parties (Beijing, 29 November – 3 December 1999)�� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 63Twelfth Meeting of the Parties (Ouagadougou, 11–14 December 2000)�� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �64Thirteenth Meeting of the Parties (Colombo, 16–19 October 2001)�� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 65Fourteenth Meeting of the Parties (Rome, 25–29 November 2002)�� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 67Fifteenth Meeting of the Parties (Nairobi, 10–14 November 2003)�� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �69First Extraordinary Meeting of the Parties (Montreal, 24–26 March 2004)�� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 72Sixteenth Meeting of the Parties (Prague, 22–26 November 2004)�� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 72Second Extraordinary Meeting of the Parties (Montreal, 1 July 2005)�� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 74Seventeenth Meeting of the Parties (Dakar, 12–16 December 2005)�� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 74Eighteenth Meeting of the Parties (New Delhi, 30 October – 3 November 2006)�� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 77Nineteenth Meeting of the Parties (Montreal, 17–21 September 2007)� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 79Twentieth Meeting of the Parties (Doha, 16–20 November 2008)�� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �80

    viii Contents

  • Twenty-First Meeting of the Parties (Port Ghalib, Egypt, 4–8 November 2009)�� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 82Twenty-Second Meeting of the Parties (Bangkok, 8–12 November 2010)�� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 83Twenty-Third Meeting of the Parties (Bali, 21–25 November 2011)�� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �84Twenty-Fourth Meeting of the Parties (Geneva, 12–16 November 2012)�� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �86Twenty-Fifth Meeting of the Parties (Bangkok, 21–25 October 2013)�� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 87Twenty-Sixth Meeting of the Parties (Paris, 17–21 November 2014)�� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 88Twenty-Seventh Meeting of the Parties (Dubai, 1–5 November 2015)�� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 90Third Extraordinary Meeting of the Parties (Vienna, 22–23 July 2016)�� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 91Twenty-Eighth Meeting of the Parties (Kigali, 10–15 October 2016)�� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 91Twenty-Ninth Meeting of the Parties (Montreal, 20–24 November 2017)�� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 92

    Section 2.2 Decisions by Article� 94

    Article 1: Definitions�� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �94Decisions on controlled substances�� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �94Decisions on destruction and banks�� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �96Decisions on feedstock�� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 110Decisions on process agents�� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 112Decisions on used controlled substances�� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 132Decisions on other issues�� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 135

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    Article 4: Control of trade with non-parties�� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 289Decisions on non-parties in compliance with the Protocol�� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 289Decisions on restrictions on trade with non-parties�� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 295Decisions on other trade issues�� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 297

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