Halvering av energiåtgången i bostadsektorn – vad krävs? · Energy use in year 2010 Final...
Transcript of Halvering av energiåtgången i bostadsektorn – vad krävs? · Energy use in year 2010 Final...
13 ‐05 ‐ 2015 Érika Mata, Energiteknik, Chalmers
Halvering av energiåtgången i bostadsektorn – vad krävs?
WP2 ‐ Effektivisering av befintlig byggnadsbestånd
Summary of the work
Tasks/ Steps Geographical scope
Building Stock (BS) description using representative buildings
SE_KASK NO NO_KASK
Technical potential energy savings and CO2emission reductions, for ESMs (10 individual+ 3 packages)
SE_KASK NO_KASK
Costs of implementing the ESMs(Techno‐economic potentials; Market potentials)
SE_KASK NO_KASK
ValidationECCABS model
Quantification
Characterization
Segmentation
Energy efficiency assessment
Methodology for building‐stock aggregation
Modelling building retrofitting: Energy Saving Measures ESMs
VG
Ha
Building stock description of Swedish KASK
Residential (R) buildings• 303 sample buildings in this region• 2 Locations VG, Ha
Non‐Residential (NR) buildings• 112 archetypes • 14 types + 8 construction periods• 2 Locations VG, Ha
National dataset available
BS description down-scaled based on • Heated floor areas• Number of buildings/ dwellings• Share of carriers
Overall comparison (T, R, NR, Atemp, #bui/dw, )
+/- 20%
The existing building stock of KASK region in year 2010
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Before 2005 2006 ‐ 2010 Before 2005 2006 ‐ 2010
SFD MFD
Total H
eated Floo
r Area (M
illion m2)
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00
2001 ‐ 20
10
Data un
available
NR
Total H
eated Floo
r Area (M
illion m2)
VG
Ha
Figure. Heated floor areas in year 2010 per period of construction for residential (left) and non‐residential (NR) (right) buildings of Halland (Ha) and Västra Götaland (VG). SFD: Single Family Dwelling; MFD: Multi‐Family Dwelling.
Bostäder Lokaler
Energy use in year 2010
Final Energy by end‐use Västra Götaland Halland
SFD MFD NR SFD MFD NR
Space Heating 8.71 2.57 4.72 1.70 0.49 0.86Hot Water 0.79 0.53 0.68 0.16 0.10 0.13Electricity 1.39 0.94 3.18 0.27 0.18 0.59Total 10.89 4.04 8.72 2.13 0.77 1.60Final Energy by fuelsElectricity (all purposes) 4.84 1.15 3.55 0.99 0.22 0.66
Heating 3.46 0.21 0.37 0.72 0.04 0.59Non‐heating 1.39 0.94 3.18 0.99 0.22 0.66
Oil 0.10 0.08 0.17 0.02 0.00 0.03Gas 0.02 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.07 0.01Biomass 4.25 0.01 0.11 0.84 0.00 0.02Coal 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00District Heating 0.83 2.51 4.12 0.11 0.41 0.76Other 0.84 0.30 0.73 0.16 0.08 0.13Total 10.89 4.04 8.72 2.13 0.77 1.60
Table . Annual energy demand (TWh/yr) in year 2010 obtained in this work. SFD: Single Family Dwelling; MFD: Multi‐Family Dwelling; NR, total non‐residential buildings; All, total residential and non‐residential buildings.
Bostäder Lokaler
Uppvärmningssätt
Energy use in year 2010
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0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
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3.0Ann
ual final ene
rgy de
man
d (TWh/yr)
Electricity
Hot Water
SpaceHeating
Figure. Annual final energy demand per end‐use (in TWh/yr) for the 14 building types of non‐residential buildings (Egestrand and Dahl, 2014).
CO2 emissions in year 2010
Annual emissions (ktCO2e)
Västra Götaland HallandTotal
SFD MFD NR SFD MFD NR
Electricity (all) 71.9 17.0 52.7 14.7 3.2 9.7 169.3
(heating) 51.9 3.6 3.6 11.0 0.7 0.6 71.4
(non‐heating) 20.0 13.4 49.2 3.8 2.5 9.1 97.9
Oil 27.4 21.8 47.9 5.0 0.0 8.7 110.9
Gas 5.0 0.0 6.8 0.8 13.8 1.2 27.7
Biomass 42.5 0.1 1.1 8.4 0.0 0.2 52.4Coal 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0District Heating 57.8 175.8 288.5 7.6 28.4 52.9 611.0
Other 98.1 34.3 84.9 18.3 9.4 15.6 260.6Total 302.7 249.1 482.0 54.9 54.9 88.3 1231.8
Table . Annual CO2 emissions (ktCO2e) in year 2010, obtained from the simulations in this work. SFD: Single Family Dwelling; MFD: Multi‐Family Dwelling; NR, total non‐residential buildings; All, residential and non‐residential buildings; Total, Västra Götaland and Halland.
CO2 emissions in year 2010
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5 (H
a)
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5 (VG)
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a)
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G)
Before 200
5 (H
a)
Before 200
5 (VG)
2006 ‐ 20
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a)
2006 ‐ 20
10 (V
G)
SFD MFD
Ann
ual C
O2 em
ission
s (tCO
2e/dwellin
g)
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a)
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G)
1961 ‐ 19
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a)
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G)
1971 ‐ 19
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a)
1971 ‐ 19
80 (V
G)
1981 ‐ 19
90 (H
a)
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90 (V
G)
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00 (H
a)
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00 (V
G)
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10 (H
a)
2001 ‐ 20
10 (V
G)
Data un
available (H
a)
Data un
available (VG)
NR
Ann
ual C
O2 em
ission
s (tCO
2e/premise)
DistrictHeatingBiomass
Gas
Oil
Electricity
Figure. Annual CO2 emissions by energy carrier (tCO2e/dwelling or premise) for the residential (above) and non‐residential (below) buildings, per construction periods resulting from this work. Ha, Halland; VG, Västra Götaland;.
Bostäder Lokaler
ESMs investigated
ESM Description
1 Change in U‐value of cellar/basement
2 Change in U‐value of facades
3 Change in U‐value of attics/roofs
4 Replacement of windows
5 Upgrade of ventilation systems with heat recovery
6 Reduction by 50% of power for lighting
7 Reduction by 50% of power for appliances
8 Reduction in power used for the production of hot water
9 Replacement of hydro pumps with more efficient ones
10 Lowering of indoor air temperature to 20 ⁰C
Package 1 Package envelope (ESMs 1 to 4)
Package 2 Package reduced electricity use LAP (ESMs 6+7)
Package 3 Package all ESMs
Technical potentials for reductions in Final Energy Consumption (FEC)
Figure. Technical potential reductions in final energy consumption (FEC, in TWh/yr) obtained in this work for the building sector of the Swedish KASK region, per subsector and county, for the different ECMs and packages investigated in this work. Ha, Halland; VG, Västra Götaland; R, residential; NR, non‐residential.
52% reduction
‐2
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Individual ECMs Packages
Tech
nica
l pot
ential re
duction in FEC (T
Wh/yr)
Ha_NR
VG_NR
Ha_R
VG_R
52%
24%
16%
8%5%
Per carrier?
Reductions in FEC per region and subsector – Carriers
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4
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6
Tech
nica
l red
uction in FEC (TW
h/yr)
Ha_NR
VG_NR
Ha_R
VG_R
Figure. Maximum technical potential reductions (i.e. for Package 3) in final energy consumption (FEC, in TWh/yr) obtained in this work for the building sector of the Swedish KASK region per energy carrier, for the different subsector and county investigated in this work. Ha, Halland; VG, Västra Götaland; R, residential; NR, non‐residential.
42% 53% 57% 66% 63% 53% reductions from 2010 consumptionper carrier
Technical potentials for CO2 emission reductions
Figure. Technical potential CO2emissions reductions (in KtCO2/yr) obtained in this work for the building sector of the Swedish KASK region, per subsector and county, for the different ECMs and packages investigated in this work. Ha, Halland; VG, VästraGötaland; R, residential; NR, non‐residential.
54% reduction
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Individual ECMs Packages
Tech
nica
l pot
ential CO2 em
ission
s redu
ction
(ktC
O2e
/yea
r)
Ha_NR
VG_NR
Ha_R
VG_R
34%
13%
54%
3% 6%
8%
Increased CO2 emissions for the measures that reduce electricityuse, due to the induced increase in demand for space heating as less heat is released to the indoor air
Techno‐economical potentials
20% reduction
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Individual ECMs Packages
Tech
no‐eco
nomical pot
ential
redu
ction in FEC (T
Wh/yr)
Ha_NR
VG_NR
Ha_R
VG_R1% 2%
8%
20% Figure. Techno‐economical potential reductions in final energy consumption (FEC, in TWh/yr) obtained in this work for the building sector of the Swedish KASK region, per subsector and county, for the different ECMs and packages investigated. Ha, Halland; VG, Västra Götaland; R, residential; NR, non‐residential. The percentage reductions are given with respect to the FEC in year 2010, i.e. 28.1 TWh/yr in total for both subsectors and counties.
Figure. Techno‐economical potential CO2 emissions reductions (in ktCO2e/yr)obtained in this work for the building sector of the Swedish KASK region, per subsector and county, for the different ECMs and packages investigated. Ha, Halland; VG, Västra Götaland; R, residential; NR, non‐residential. The percentage reductions are given with respect to the CO2 emissions in year 2010, i.e. 1401 ktCO2e /yr in total for both subsectors (residential and non‐residential) and counties (Västra Götalandand Halland).
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Individual ECMs Packages
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no‐eco
nomical pot
ential CO2
emission
s redu
ction(ktC
O2e
/yr)
Ha_NR
VG_NR
Ha_R
VG_R2%
6%
25%26%
1%
25% reduction
Figure. Technical, techno‐economical and market potential CO2 emissions reductions (in KtCO2/yr) obtained in this work for the building sector of the Swedish KASK region, per subsector and county. Ha, Halland; VG, Västra Götaland; R, residential; NR, non‐residential.
Summary of potentials Swedish KASK
Figure. Technical, techno‐economical and market potential reductions in FEC (in TWh/yr) obtained in this work for the building sector of the Swedish KASK region, per subsector and county. Ha, Halland; VG, Västra Götaland; R, residential; NR, non‐residential.
Substantially lower market potentials than the techno-economic potentials
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Technical Techno‐economic Market
Ann
ual p
oten
tial CO2 em
ission
s redu
ctions (k
tCO2e
/yr)
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6
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Technical Techno‐economic Market
Ann
ual p
oten
tial sav
ing in FEC
(TWh/yr)
52%
20‐26%
2‐20%
54%
25‐31%
6‐20%
Conclusions
• Potentials for reductions in FEC and CO2 emission• Substantial technical potentials (50‐60%: ~15 TWh/y) • Some techno‐economic potentials (~20%)• Very small market potentials (~10%)
• Need for high quality data: regional statistics, integrated data management (Energy Performance Certificates, Lantmäteriet)
• Concern raised about the difficulty to monitor targets for energy saving and emission reductions in buildings
• Strong links with the stationary energy system (DSM measures for electricity and heat), transport and socio‐cultural values
• Need to analyse potentials for increased supply from distributed renewable energy sources
References
References
Mata, É. ; and Frateily, U. (2014). Transforming the energy system in Västra Götalandand Halland ‐ the potential for energy savings and CO2 emissions reductions in the building sector, WP 2, Preliminary report.Mata, É. ; Frateily, U. ; Srivastava, A. K. et al. (2014). Potentials for energy savings and CO2 emissions reductions in the residential building sector of the Norwegian KASK region, WP 2, Preliminary report.Egestrand M. and Dahl A., 2014. Regionalization of the energy‐efficiency potential of the Swedish building stock : case study for the KASK region, MSc Thesis, Energy Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden.Mata, É. ; Srivastava, A. K. ; Fatnes, A. M. et al. (2014). Regionalization of buildings‐stock description as basis for evaluating energy conservation measures ‐ South East Norway and South West Sweden, World Sustainable Building 2014 Conference, Barcelona, Spain, October 27‐30, 2014. Kjärstad, J. ; Mata, É. ; Johnsson, F. (2013). Sustainable use of energy carriers in the Kattegat/Skagerrak‐region ‐ a regional case study, The 8th Conference on SustainableDevelopment of Energy, Water and Environment Systems, SDEWES Conference Dubrovnik, Croatia, September 22‐27, 2013.
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